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What Is A Software Process Model

A software process model is an abstraction that outlines the stages, tasks, and sequence of activities in software development. Factors to consider when selecting a model include project requirements, size, complexity, customer involvement, and available resources. Popular models include Waterfall, V, Incremental, Iterative, RAD, and Spiral, each with distinct characteristics and suitability for different project types.

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3 views8 pages

What Is A Software Process Model

A software process model is an abstraction that outlines the stages, tasks, and sequence of activities in software development. Factors to consider when selecting a model include project requirements, size, complexity, customer involvement, and available resources. Popular models include Waterfall, V, Incremental, Iterative, RAD, and Spiral, each with distinct characteristics and suitability for different project types.

Uploaded by

cseboys2026
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is a software process model?

1. A software process model is an abstraction of the software


development process.
2. The models specify the stages and order of a process.
3. This is a representation of the order of activities of the
process and the sequence the performed.

A model will define the following:

 The tasks to be performed


 The input and output of each task
 The pre and post-conditions for each task
 The flow and sequence of each task

Factors in choosing a software process


 Choosing the right software process model for your project
can be difficult.
 If you know your requirements well, it will be easier to select
a model.
 You need to keep the following factors in mind when
selecting your software process model:
Project requirements

Before you choose a model, take some time to go through the


project requirements and clarify them.

Project size

Consider the size of the project you will be working on.

Project complexity

Complex projects may not have clear requirements. The


requirements may change often, and the cost of delay is high

Cost of delay

Is the project highly time-bound with a huge cost of delay, or are


the timelines flexible?

Customer involvement

Do you need to consult the customers during the process?

Familiarity with technology

This involves the developers’ knowledge and experience with the


project domain, software tools, language, and methods needed
for development.

Project resources

This involves the amount and availability of funds, staff, and other
resources.

Types of software process models


The most popular and important SDLC models (Software
Development Life Cycle models) models are as follows:

 Waterfall model
 V model
 Incremental model
 RAD model
 Agile model
 Iterative model
 Prototype model
 Spiral model
Waterfall Model

The waterfall model is a sequential, plan driven-


process where you must plan and schedule all your activities
before starting the project.

Each activity in the waterfall model is represented as a separate


phase arranged in linear order.

It has the following phases:

 Requirements
 Design
 Implementation
 Testing
 Deployment
 Maintenance

 Each of these phases produces one or more documents that


need to be approved before the next phase begins.
 The waterfall model is easy to understand and follow. It
doesn’t require a lot of customer involvement after the
specification is done.
 The waterfall model has a rigid structure, so it should be
used in cases where the requirements are understood
completely and unlikely to radically change.
V Model

 The V model (Verification and Validation model) is an


extension of the waterfall model.
 All the requirements are gathered at the start and cannot be
changed.
 For every phase in the development cycle, there is
an associated testing phase.

The V model is highly disciplined, easy to understand, and makes


project management easier.

But it isn’t good for complex projects or projects that have unclear
or changing requirements.

Incremental Model

The incremental model divides the system’s functionality


into small increments that are delivered one after the other in
quick succession.

The most important functionality is implemented in the initial


increments.

Incremental development is based on developing an initial


implementation,

Each iteration passes through the requirements, design, coding,


and testing stages.
The incremental model lets stakeholders and developers see
results with the first increment.

If the stakeholders don’t like anything, everyone finds out a lot


sooner.

The incremental model is great for projects that have loosely


coupled parts and projects with complete and clear requirements.

Iterative Model

The iterative development model develops a system by building


small portions of all the features.

In the iterative model, you start off by implementing a small set of


software requirements.

These are then enhanced iteratively in the evolving versions


until the system is completed.

This process model starts with part of the software, which is then
implemented and reviewed to identify further requirements.
Like the incremental model, the iterative model allows you to see
the results at the early stages of development. This makes it easy
to identify and fix any functional or design flaws.

The deadline and budget may change throughout the


development process,

The iterative model is a good choice for large software that can
be easily broken down into modules.

RAD Model

The Rapid Application Development (RAD model) is based on


iterative development and prototyping with little planning
involved.

It involves the following phases:

1. Business modeling
2. Data modeling
3. Process modeling
4. Application generation
5. Testing and turnover

The RAD concept focuses on gathering requirements using focus


groups and workshops, reusing software components, and
informal communication.
The RAD model accommodates changing requirements, reduces
development time, and increases the reusability of components.

But it can be complex to manage.

Spiral Model

The spiral model is a risk driven iterative software process model.

The spiral model delivers projects in loops.

Phases are addressing whatever problem has the greatest risk of


causing a failure.

It was designed to include the best features from the waterfall


and introduces risk-assessment.

You have the following phases for each cycle:

1. Address the highest-risk problem and determine the


objective and alternate solutions
2. Evaluate the alternatives and identify the risks involved and
possible solutions
3. Develop a solution and verify if it’s acceptable
4. Plan for the next cycle

The spiral model can be used for projects with unclear needs or
projects still in research and development.

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