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Methodology For Flood Risk Assessment Software

The document outlines the methodology for developing a GIS-based flood risk assessment software that utilizes open-source datasets to evaluate flood-prone areas. It details the data acquisition, preprocessing, hydrological analysis, flood risk zonation, and visualization processes involved in creating a flood risk map. The software features a user-friendly interface for selecting areas of interest and generating interactive maps and reports on flood risk levels.

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1 views3 pages

Methodology For Flood Risk Assessment Software

The document outlines the methodology for developing a GIS-based flood risk assessment software that utilizes open-source datasets to evaluate flood-prone areas. It details the data acquisition, preprocessing, hydrological analysis, flood risk zonation, and visualization processes involved in creating a flood risk map. The software features a user-friendly interface for selecting areas of interest and generating interactive maps and reports on flood risk levels.

Uploaded by

studyfor7hrs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Methodology for Flood Risk Assessment Software:

1. Objective
To develop a GIS-based flood risk assessment software tool that utilizes
open-source spatial and meteorological datasets to evaluate flood-prone
areas using Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), watershed characteristics,
river networks, and rainfall data.
2. Study Area & Input
The software accepts either a specific Latitude/Longitude point or a
shapefile representing the area of interest. This acts as the basis for
extracting and analyzing all relevant geospatial and climate data.
3. Data Acquisition
The following open-source datasets and tools are used:
• Digital Elevation Model (DEM):
Source: SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) or USGS EarthExplorer
Resolution: 30m (or 90m if 30m is not available for the region)
• Rainfall / Meteorological Data:
Source: NASA POWER or CHIRPS
Data Used: Daily or monthly rainfall values in mm
• River and Stream Network (optional overlay):
Source: HydroSHEDS or OpenStreetMap
4. DEM Preprocessing
Using QGIS or Python libraries (rasterio/whitebox):
• The DEM is clipped to the selected area.
• Sink filling is performed to remove unnatural pits that affect flow.
• Slope, aspect, and hillshade may be calculated for visualization.
5. Hydrological Analysis
• Flow Direction:
Created using D8 algorithm (e.g., TauDEM or WhiteboxTools)
• Flow Accumulation:
Quantifies how much water accumulates at each pixel; high accumulation
indicates probable river paths
• Stream Network Extraction:
Threshold applied on flow accumulation to extract stream channels
• Watershed Delineation:
Outlet point (based on user-selected lat/long or lowest point in DEM) is used
to delineate watershed boundary
6. Rainfall Data Processing
Meteorological data (rainfall) is retrieved for the corresponding watershed
area:
• Daily or monthly rainfall is fetched (e.g., for a 5-year period)
• Mean or peak rainfall values are calculated
• Spatial correlation with DEM low points is performed to identify risk zones
7. Flood Risk Zonation
Flood risk is classified based on:
• Elevation (from DEM)
• Flow accumulation (probability of water concentration)
• Rainfall intensity (high rainfall = higher runoff)
Example Classification:
Risk Level Criteria
High Low elevation + High flow accumulation + High rainfall
Medium Moderate elevation + Moderate flow
Low High elevation or Low rainfall
Raster Reclassification is performed in QGIS or via Python (NumPy).
8. Visualization and Mapping
• A flood risk map is generated showing High, Medium, and Low risk zones
• Legends and labels are added for clarity
• Map is exported in PNG, PDF, or GeoTIFF formats
9. Software Development / User Interface
• A simple user interface is created using Streamlit or Tkinter
• User selects area (Lat/Long or shapefile)
• System processes the data and generates outputs:
o Interactive flood risk map
o Downloadable CSV with risk summary
o Option to download flood map as image or PDF
10.Output Summary
• Flood Risk Map with classified zones
• CSV report of area covered under each risk category
• DEM-derived layers: slope, stream network, watershed boundary
• Option to view or export maps and data

Tools and Technologies Used


• QGIS (Preprocessing and visualization)
• Python: rasterio, geopandas, pandas, numpy, folium, whitebox
• Streamlit (user interface)
• NASA POWER / CHIRPS (rainfall data)
• USGS EarthExplorer or SRTM (DEM)

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