I.

Test of hypothesis on a single sample:

A. Single sample mean:
Z-test:

When population variance (𝝈2) is known.

1. A manufacturer produces piston rings for an automobile engine. It is known that

ring diameter is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 0.01 mm. A

true mean diameter of piston ring is 74.035. Use 𝛼= 0.01.

random sample of 15 rings has a mean diameter of 74. Test the hypothesis that the

2. The manufacturer of a 75 Watt light bulb claims that average life of its bulb is
more than 1000 hours. It is known that the life of 75 Watt light bulbs is normally
distributed with a standard deviation of 25 hours. A random sample of 20 number
of 75 Watt bulbs is found to have average life of 1014 hours .Test the claim of the
manufacturer at 5% level of significance.

3. The average commission charged by full service firm on a sale of common stock
is 160 with standard deviation of 52. A random sample of 120 traders is taken and
determines that they paid an average commission of 150. Can it be concluded that
client’s commission is lower than the industry average?

When population variance (𝝈2) is unknown but sample standard deviation (s) is
given and (n≥30).

4. An industrial engineer collected data on the labor time required to produce

on times (hours) for 𝑛=52 orders of different parts has mean of 1.865 hours
an order of automobile mufflers using a heavy stamping machine. The data

with a variance of 1.5623 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 2. Conduct a test of hypothesis with the

intent of showing that the mean labor time is less than 1.955 hours.

5. The principal of a college advises parents of incoming students about the

cost of textbooks during a semester. A sample of 100 students enrolled in the
college indicates a sample average cost of Rs. 3150 with a sample S.D. of
Rs. 43. Using a 5% level of significance, is there evidence that the
population average cost of textbooks is above Rs. 3000?
 6. In a consignment of bulbs the sample size is taken as 400 bulbs and found
mean life of 500 hours with standard deviation of 150 hours. Compute
standard error of the mean and test whether the mean of the population is
516 hours or not at 1% level of significance.

Student`s t-test (t-test):

When population variance (𝝈2) is unknown but sample standard deviation (s) is
given or sample standard deviation (S) need to be calculated and (𝒏 < 30).

7. The sample average marks of 20 students are found to be 48 with the

standard deviation of 4. Calculate standard error of sample mean and test
whether the average marks of all students is 50 or not. (Use 5% level of
significance)

8. Data on number of work hours lost per day on a construction project due to
weather related conditions over 11 working days are recorded as 8.8, 8.8,
12.5, 12.2, 5.4, 13.3, 12.8, 6.9, 9.1, 2.2 and 14.7. Assuming that the work
hours are normally distributed is there any evidence to conclude at 1% level
of significance that the mean number of work hours lost per day is smaller
than 11 hours?

9. The mean weekly sales of the chocolate bar in candy stores were 140.3 bars
per store. After an advertisement campaign, the mean weekly sales in 22
stores for a typical week increased to 153.7 and showed an SD of 17.2. Was
the advertisement campaign successful?

B.Single sample variance (𝝈2):

10.A random sample of 6 steel beams has a mean compressive strength of

58,392 psi with a standard deviation of 648 psi. Test the hypothesis that the
actual standard deviation of compressive strength of steel beams is 600 psi
against the alternative that it is more than 600 psi at 5% level of significance.
Also, obtain 90% confidence interval for the s.d. of compressive strength.
 11.Microsoft has designed a new operating system that will revolutionize the
computing industry. The only problem is, the company expects the average
amount of time required to learn the software to be 124 hours. Even though
this is a long educational time, the company is truly concerned with the
variance of the learning time. Preliminary data indicate the variance is 171
hours. Recent testing of 25 people found an average learning time of 123
hours and a sample variance of 196.5 hours. Do these data indicate the
variability in learning time is different from the previous estimate? Test
your hypotheses at the 0.02 significance level.

12.The standard deviation of a distribution is hypothesized to be 50. If an

observed sample of 30 yields a sample standard deviation of 57, should we
reject the null hypothesis that the true standard deviation is 50? Use the 0.05
level of significance.

13.A sample of 20 observations from a normal distribution has a mean of 37

and a variance of 12.2. Construct a 90 percent confidence interval for the
true population variance.

14.Given a sample standard deviation of 6.4 from a sample of 15 observations,

construct a 95% confidence interval for the population variance.

I. Test of hypothesis using double samples:

A. Double sample means.

Z-test

When population variances σ12 and σ22 are known.

ounce. The filling process can be assumed normal with standard deviations of 𝜎1
15. Two machines are used for filling plastic bottles with a net volume of 16.0

= 0.015 and 𝜎2 = 0.018. Quality engineering suspects that both machines fill to the
same net volume, whether or not this volume is 16.0 ounce. Random samples of 10
units from each machine are observed to fill to the following volumes

Machine 1: 16.03 16.01 16.04 15.96 16.05 15.98 16.05 16.02 16.02 15.99

Machine 2: 16.02 16.03 15.97 16.04 15.96 16.02 16.01 16.01 15.99 16.00

Do you think that quality engineering is correct? Test at 𝛼 = 0.05. Also construct
95% confidence interval for difference in mean volumes of two machines.

When population variances σ12 and σ22 are unknown and sample standard
deviations s12 and s22 are given and (n1≥30, n2≥30).

16. Calculate the standard error of the difference between two sample means. Is
there a significant difference in the mean score of the students of two sections of a
college? Also construct 99% confidence interval for the mean score.
Sectio Sample Mean Score Sample Std.
n Size dev.
A 160 179 18
B 150 175 19

17.Two research laboratories have independently produced drugs that provide

relief of cough. The first drug was tested on a group of 90 coughs suffers
and produced an average of 8.5 hours relief and a sample standard deviation
of 1.8 hours. The second drug tested on 80 coughs suffers, producing an
average of 7.9 hours of relief and a sample standard deviation of 2.1 hours.
At the 0.05 level of significance, does the 1st drug provide a significantly
longer period of relief than 2nd drug? Also find the 95% lower sided
confidence interval for this case.

18.A random sample of 100 families from community A having and a random
sample of 150 families from community B yield the following data on length
of residence in current homes. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to
indicate that, on average, families in community A have been living in, their
current homes for less than families in community B have? Also find the
95% upper sided confidence interval for this case.
Community A: mean=33 Standard deviation=30
Community B: mean=49 Standard deviation=32.4
 19. Test the claim that the resistance of electric wire can be reduced by more

= 0.136 ohm and 𝑠1 = 0.004 ohm, and 32 values obtained for alloyed wire yielded
than 0.050 ohm by alloying, 32 values obtained for standard wire yielded mean 1

mean 2 = 0.083 ohm and 𝑠2 = 0.005 ohm. At the 0.05 level of significance, does
this support the claim? Also, obtain the 95% confidence interval for reduction in
resistance of electric wire due to alloying.

Student`s t-test (t-test)

When population variances σ12 and σ22 are unknown and sample standard
deviations S12 & S22 can be calculated and (n1<30, n<30). (In this case we assume
that two population variances are equal and combined or pooled variance is
calculated)

20. Samples of two types of electric bulbs were tested for the length of life and the
following results were obtained.
Brand A Brand B
Sample size 15 12
Mean 1250 hours 1100 hours
Standard deviation 30 hours 40 hours

means 𝜇1 and 𝜇2 but having common variance .Test whether the average
Assuming that populations sampled are normally distributed with unknown

length of life electric bulbs of Brand A and bulbs of Brand B are different. Also
construct 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference of mean life of
electric bulbs of brand A and brand B.

21. Following are the number of sales which a sample of 9 salespersons of

industrial chemicals in California and a sample of 6 salespersons of industrial
chemicals in Oregon made over a certain fixed period of time
California: 59 68 44 71 63 46 69 54 48
Oregon: 50 36 62 52 70 41

means 𝜇1 and 𝜇2 but having common variance, test whether the mean sales in
Assuming that populations sampled are normally distributed with unknown

California is significantly greater than in Oregon at 5% level of significance.

Also, construct 95% lower sided confidence interval for difference of means of
sales in two cities.

22. An instructor thinks that business majors can write and debug computer
programs slower than math majors. A sample of 12 business majors took an
average of 36 minutes to write a specific program and debug it; a sample of 18
math majors took an average of 39 minutes. The standard deviations were 9
minutes and 4 minutes respectively. At the 0.10 level of significance, is there
evidence to support the claim? Also construct 90% upper sided confidence interval
estimate for average timing of two majors.

Paired-t-test (special case of t-test)

23. Marks of MBS students before tuition and after tuition is given below;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Before 50 54 52 53 48 51 5 54
tuition
3
After 54 57 54 55 52 56 5 55
tuition
6
Can you conclude that tuition has benefited the students at 5% level of
significance? Also, obtain 98% confidence interval for reduction in weekly work
hour loss.

24. In a manufacturing company, the new modern manager is in a belief that music
enhances the productivity of the workers. He made the observation on eight
workers for a week and recorded the production before and after the music was
installed. From the data given below can one conclude that productivity has
been changed due to music? Test the significance at 5% level of significance.
Also construct the 95% confidence interval estimate for it.
Employee 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Without 220 202 226 190 200 215 208 210
music
With 236 190 240 200 220 205 212 215
music

25. Following are the average weekly losses of worker– hours due to accidents in
10 industrial plants before and after certain safety training program was put into
operation

Plant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Before 45 73 46 124 33 57 83 24 26 17
After 36 60 44 119 35 51 77 29 24 11
Use the 0.01 level of significance to test whether the safety training program is
effective in reducing losses of work hours. Use paired t-test. Also, obtain 98%
confidence interval for reduction in weekly work hour loss.

B. Double sample variances.

26. From a sample of 25 observations, the estimate of the standard deviation of the
population was found to be 15.0. From another sample of 14 observations, the
estimate was found to be 9.7. Can we accept the hypothesis that the two samples
come from populations with equal variances? Use 0.01 level of significance.

27. Pull strength testson10selected leads for a semiconductor device yield

following results in pounds force required to rupture the bond

15.8 12.7 13.2 16.9 10.6 18.8 11.1 14.3 17.0 12.5

Another set of 8 leads was tested after encapsulation to determine whether the pull
strength has been increased by encapsulation of the device with the following
results

24.9 23.6 19.8 22.1 20.4 21.6 21.8 22.5 .At 0.02 level of significance, is there
any evidence to assume that the two samples come from population with equal
variance.

28. An insurance company is interested in the length of hospital stays for various
illnesses. The company has randomly selected 20 patients from hospital A and 25
from hospital B who were treated for the same ailment. The amount of time spent
in hospital A had an average of 2.4 days with a standard deviation of 0.8 day. The
treatment time in hospital B averaged 2.3 days with a standard deviation of 0.7
day. Do patients at hospital A have significantly more variability in their recovery
time? Test at a 0.01 significance level.

29. For two population thought to have same variance, the following information
was found. A sample of 16 from population 1 exhibited a sample variance of 3.75,
and a sample of 10 from population 2 had a variance of 5.38. Calculate the F-ratio
for the test of equality of variances at 5% level of significance.
populations and sample standard deviations were observed to be 𝑆1 = 1.8 and 𝑆2
30. Two random samples of size 20 were taken from two independent normal

= 1.5. Construct 90% confidence interval on the ratio of population variances.

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