Troubleshooting Motherboard:

1. Sudden shutdown Problematic area: Check whether the fans are working proprerly or not. Any chip of south-bridge or north-bridge heating to much or not. Loose power connection. Solution: Clean the processer heat sink properly. Use the heat absorber adhesive if possible. Connect the properly powe cable. 2. Display not comes Problematic area: Check either RAM are inserted properly or not Is jumper setting ok or not? Boot only mother board without all peripherals connected to it. Connect the peripherals one by one and check. Solution: If RAM is damage replace ir or insert it properly. Any peripheral card are corrupt than replace or remove that card. Provide proper earthing to mother board. Use any adhasive plane below the mother board i.e. paper or thermocoal seat. 3. Date and time does not update. Problematic area: Check CMOS battery is insert properly or not. Battery gets descharge. Solution: Replace or insert properly CMOS cell. Set again date and time from BIOS setting or using operating system. 4. Any other problem. Problematic area: RAM slot demage Processor not placed properly and any of pin gets damaged Chipset IC demage Fan not operate at proper speed Bios corrupted Bios setting problem. Solution: Any harware related problem of mother board contact repairing expert or replace it.

Replace the processor becouse it cant repair. For chioset it will be replaced by reparing expert if possible. Track or connection loose, so make it again properly. Use CMOS clear jumper to reset BIOS. Load default setting of BIOS pessing key F9.

Keyboard:
1. Keyboard is entirely non-functional Make sure it is plugged into your computer and the wire has not become loose from the computer or the keyboard itself. If it is loose, you may have the turn off the computer and re-boot it before it will start working again. PS/2: If your mouse and keyboard are both the PS/2 type, verify that you did not accidentally connect them to each other's jacks on the computer. If so, turn the computer off and re-connect them properly. USB: If you are attempting to operate a USB keyboard (these are relatively new and have rectangular plugs at the end of their cords), you need to download or otherwise obtain an appropriate USB driver before it will respond. 2. One or more keys function improperly If the keys are producing incorrect letters, check to see if the keyboard has any switches which could be set to an alternative layout (such as Dvorak). Try troubleshooting it by using different keyboards with the computer to determine if the problems are caused by the software or operating system. If more than one of the same letter or number appears when you press a key once, this is called "key bounce." If you have Windows 95 or later, this can be decreased in the "Keyboard" section of "Control Panel." The keyboard may require cleaning. If none of these troubleshooting steps will fix your keyboard problems, it might be necessary to get it repaired or replaced.

3. How to Troubleshoot a Bluetooth Keyboard Unplug or switch off other devices that are connected to your computer, such as a mouse or printer, before you troubleshoot. Having multiple devices connected to your computer can interfere with the Bluetooth keyboard. Check for any physical damage to the keyboard, such as small particles spilled between the keys. You can clean the inside of the keyboard by carefully unscrewing the face and using a soft, dry cloth to wipe the underside of the keys. Make sure your batteries are good. A keyboard may not work properly simply because the batteries are old or are depleted of charge. Look for anything blocking the receiver. It doesn't take much to interfere with the signal that is supposed to go to the keyboard

Mouse:
1. NO MOUSE MOVEMENT If the mouse has no movement, first look at the mouse connection at the rear of the computer. Be sure it is plugged in completely. Remove the plug and inspect for connectors or pins that may be broken or bent.

2. MOUSE STOPPED DURING OPERATION

Should your mouse quit in the middle of computing, save your work immediately. Press the ALT key to access your program and save your work. Check the connection in the rear to be sure it has not worked itself loose. If the connection is tight, inspect the mouse components for dirt. Remove the retain and trackball inside the mouse. Clean the Ball with a mild solution and be sure all residence is removed.

3. MOUSE POINTER MISBEHAVING This problem may be the result of your computer is affected by a virus. Use your Anti Virus software to scan your system for viruses. A corrupt device driver can also cause the mouse to misbehave. Check the device driver by opening the Control Panel, and open the System folder. A misbehaving mouse may occur when you install another device on your system.

Harddisk:
1. Physical connectivity Is the drive receiving power? Is it plugged into the PC by a correctly connected ribbon cable? For IDE drives, are its jumpers set correctly? Or with SCSI drives, are its SCSI termination and ID set correctly? Solution: A hard disk works with any Molex connector from the PCs power supply. Make sure the plug is fully inserted. Molex connectors require a lot of pressure to fully insert If you can detect any vibration, the drive probably has power. If theres no movement at all, either the drives physical mechanism is shot or the Molex connector you have selected is faulty 2. BIOS setup Does the BIOS see the drive? Solution: The BIOS can automatically detect your hard disk, so no special BIOS setup is required. However, if you are working with an older or quirky BIOS, you might need to enter the BIOS setup program and change the drives IDE channel (such as Primary Master or Primary Slave, for example) from None to Auto so the BIOS will attempt to find and identify the drive.

3. Viruses Does the drive contain any boot sector viruses that need to be removed before continuing? Solution: If youve come this far in the troubleshooting process and the drive still isnt working, check for viruses. A drive containing a boot-sector virus will not only malfunction, it can spread the virus to the disk you boot from, such as your emergency startup disk. On a system that you know is good and that has an anti-virus program installed, update the virus definitions, and then make a virus-checking boot disk. Write protect it, and then use it to start the system containing the nonworking hard disk and check it for errors. 4. Partitioning Does FDISK find a valid partition on the drive? Is it active? Solution: Use FDISK, a command-line utility youll find on a Windows 9x/Me startup disk, to check. Boot from the write-protected startup disk and type FDISK. When asked whether or not you want large disk support, type Y. If the active partitions type is FAT, FAT32, or NTFS, it should be recognized by the operating system. If it is a partition problem, you have two choices: Try to recover the data using a disk recovery program, or give up on the data, delete the partition, and re-create it in FDISK. If you want to try recovery first, see the section below on Advanced Data Recovery Options. 5. Formatting Is the drive formatted using a file system that the OS can recognize? Solution: If you see a message about an invalid media type, the drive is probably not formatted using a file system that your OS recognizes. You can either try a data recovery program, or you can give up on the drives data and reformat it with the FORMAT command.

6. Drive errors Is a physical or logical drive error causing read/write problems on the drive? Solution: Maybe youre receiving read or write errors, or certain programs arent working right. The problem is likely a physical or logical disk error. A physical disk error is a bad spot on the drive. It can result from physical trauma to the computer, like knocking it off of a table while its running. A logical disk error is a discrepancy between the two copies of the file allocation table (FAT) on the disk, or a discrepancy between the FATs version of what clusters are stored on the drive and the reality of actual storage. Such errors are typically caused by improperly shutting down the PC or abnormal program termination. 7. Operating system Does your OS have a feature that checks the status of each drive on your system? If so, what is that status? Solution: Windows 2k and Windows XP both have a Disk Management feature that checks the status of each drive on your system. This utility allows you to convert to dynamic disks, change space allocation, and much more. The Windows Disk Management application will display the drives status. If a drive reports that it is offline or a status other than Healthy, right-click it and chooses Reactivate Disk.

CD-DRIVE:
1. CD-R drive loses connection to computer while writing o Try writing at slower speed and with all other applications closed. o Upgrading your operating system can confuse your CD-R drive. Check drive manufacturer's Web site for compatibility info on your system.

o Download and install up-to-date drivers for CD-R drive. 2. Drive reports buffer under runs while writing (PC isn't sending data fast enough to CD o Try writing at slower speed and with all other applications closed. o Set CD-authoring software to Disc-at-Once if that option is available. o Try different brand of blank CD media. 3.Discs burned on your drive can't be read by other drives o Try a different brand of CD-R media. Some drives like a particular brand, while others refuse to give it the time of day. o Make sure you have your CD-writing software set to "close the session" or "finalize" on discs you're writing.

Troubleshooting Steps
It can usually be attributed to a corrupt driver. Try a different media - some brands will just not work correctly with a given CD-ROM drive. Check for unusual noises, maybe a ticking type noise. This could indicate a cracked disk. Check error messages in Event Viewer. Here's how:

Go to Start>> Settings>> Control Panel>> Administrative Tools>> Computer Management Check your manufacturer's web site for software updates and drive updates. If nothing above has worked for you, then you may need to take the drive in to a service facility for repair or replace the drive.

Printers:
Problem: Printing is too slow. Solution: Rev up printer performance--and save ink in the process--by reducing print quality for everyday output. While printer settings vary by model, here's how to switch to draft-printing mode in most Windows apps. Select Print and Properties, and then look for a setting that reduces print quality. With the HP Photosmart 8450, for instance, change the default print quality setting from Normal to Fast Draft (click screen-shot at right). Other speedup suggestions: Print pages from websites without graphics, and add RAM to your printer, if possible. Read "Speed Up Everything" for more tips. Problem: Ink and/or toner costs too much. Solution: PC World has written a lot about the printing industry's sneaky practices over the years. To wit: They snare you with dirt-cheap printers sold at or below cost, and then stick it to you later with ultra-pricey consumables. Based on our tests, we can't recommend third party vendors' remanufactured or refilled ink cartridges, which may not give you your money's worth. One cost-saving solution is to buy higher-capacity cartridges. If you print a lot, try an ink cartridge with a 250-plus page yield, or a toner cartridge with a 2,000-plus page yield. Problem: Windows is sending print jobs to the wrong printer. Solution: For some mysterious reason, Windows may select a new default printer--the one it automatically sends print jobs to. (This happened to me when I upgraded from Vista to Windows 7.) To fix this glitch in Windows 7, click Start (the Windows icon in the lower-left corner of the screen) and select Devices and Printers. Under Printers and Faxes, right-click the printer you want to make the default, and select Set as default printer.

Problem: My prints are too light, too spotty, or have horizontal lines. Solution: You may have a clogged print head, a problem that can occur if you use an inkjet printer infrequently. Your printer's utility program can clean out the dried ink, and print a test page for inspection. The step-by-step instructions on how to do this vary by printer. From the Windows 7 Start menu, click Devices and Printers or Control Panel, and look for your printer's utility app. For additional details, read "Solve Inkjet Printer Problems." For more tips on unclogging ink nozzles, go here. (Again, these steps may vary slightly for Vista and XP users.) Problem: My printer says my ink cartridge is empty. I think it's lying. Solution: You may be right. Printer out-of-ink messages are notoriously unreliable. The good news: You can try various hacks to get around those ink cartridge controls. We're not suggesting

that all, or even some, of these reader tips will work with your printer, but they're worth a try. One tip reveals how to reset ink cartridges for various HP printers. And a video on this page shows how to revive an "out of ink" Epson cartridge. If you're feeling adventurous, check them out. Problem: My wireless printer is too slow. Solution: To get the best performance from a network printer, it's hard to beat a wired, Ethernetcable-to-router connection. Wireless printing may be more convenient in many homes and offices, but it has its limitations. Since Wi-Fi speeds slow down with distance, you'll want to place your wireless printer as close as possible to the router. Also, make sure your Wi-Fi printer or any wireless print server it connects to supports the 802.11n spec, which can rival the performance of 100-mbps Ethernet. Problem: I use remanufactured or refilled ink cartridges, and my prints look awful. Solution: We recommend sticking with the manufacturer's ink. Third-party products may save you money up front, but the consequences can get ugly--literally--if the cheaper inks produce lower-quality prints. Here's another reason: wasted ink. The PC World Test Center has found that some cartridges leave more than 40 percent of their ink unused. The worst offenders, unfortunately, are thirdparty brands. Printer manufacturers may overcharge shamelessly for ink, but at least you know what you're getting. Problem: I don't know how to fit more text on one page. How do I do it? Solution: Shrinking text to fit two pages on one sheet saves money (you'll buy less paper) and speeds up printing (fewer pages to print). This two-for-one approach is best for spreadsheets, receipts, and other documents that are still legible once shrunken. In any Windows program, select Print and Properties, and then look for a printer setting that lets you increase the number of pages per sheet. Problem: Grandma called and wants me to fix her "broken" printer. I'm no tech guru. What should I do? Solution: You could always pretend you're not home, but that might lead to bigger problems down the line. We recommend you help Grandma out, because printer problems encountered by the, um, technically challenged are often easy to fix. First, have her see if the printer is plugged into a wall outlet. (Don't laugh. It's fairly common.) Second, she should make sure there's paper in the tray. And third, have her check the cable (probably USB or Ethernet) that connects the printer to the PC or router. This troubleshooting basics article has more advice.

Problem: My paper tray is flimsy. Solution: To cut costs on some printers, vendors often include low-capacity or flimsy trays. In her article "Is Your Printer Stealing From You?", PC World's Melissa Riofrio lists seven printers with notoriously cheap paper trays--each from major vendors such as Brother, Dell, Epson, HP, Ricoh, and Xerox. Shame on you guys. So what can you do? Before buying a printer, examine the paper tray carefully. If it looks like it'll break after the first sideswipe, it's probably wise to get another model. If the tray is too small for your printing needs, see if there's a higher-capacity option. Or you could try this guy's approach to fixing a busted printer.

Power calculation of PC:

Mother board: 40w Processor: Graphics: Hdd: Cd drive: Ram: PCI(2): USB(4): Fan(2): Total 10w 24w 20w 25w 4w 31.60w 2w 3w 159.6w

UPS: Computer load: Monitor load: 160w 75w 0.7A 0.33A

Minimum UPS capability: 566vA Suggested UPS capability: 750vA A.C. reuirement: Length: Breadth : Height : 10ft 10ft 10ft

A.C. required: 10*10*10/1000=1 tone.