DC Motor Transfer Function
DC Motor Transfer Function
CLASSIFICATION: The DC motor can be classified into two types based on its operation mode. Field controlled DC motor. Armature controlled DC motor.
ARMATURE CONTROLLED DC MOTOR: In many applications the Armature controlled type of DC motor is preferred. In the armature controlled type, the field current is kept constant and the voltage applied to the armature coil is adjusted in order to have a desired speed.
TRANSFER FUNCTION: The transfer function for the Armature controlled DC motor is derived from two basic equations.
The Voltage applied to the armature coil will be equal to the sum of the voltage drops across the armature resistance, armature inductance and the back EMF of the motor.
(1) Where Va- Voltage applied to the armature coil. Vb- Back EMF generated by the motor. VR- Voltage drop across the armature resistance. VL- Voltage drop across the armature inductance.
.(2)
Where Kb Back EMF constant of the motor. (s) - Angular velocity of the motor.
. (3)
The torque generated by the motor is given as the product of Torque constant and the armature current.
. (4) Where Tm -Torque of the motor. Kma -Torque constant of the motor. Ia -Armature current.
. (5)
. (6) Where J - Moment of inertia. Tm - Torque of the motor. - Angular velocity of the motor.
We get
.. (7)
Multiplying the equations (3), (5) and (7), we get the final transfer function which relates the voltage to the armature coil and the speed of the motor.
. (8)
The block diagram representation of the transfer function of the DC motor is given below.