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Color Video Signals

This document discusses color video signals and how they are composed of luminance and chrominance values. Luminance contains the black and white information, while chrominance contains the hue and saturation. The luminance (Y) and chrominance (I and Q) values are derived from the primary colors red, green, and blue using specific weighting coefficients. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate Y, I, and Q values from RGB inputs and how to convert luminance levels to IRE units. Tables also summarize luminance and IRE levels for different saturated colors and how desaturation impacts luminance and chrominance.

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Jek O. Malgapu
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520 views15 pages

Color Video Signals

This document discusses color video signals and how they are composed of luminance and chrominance values. Luminance contains the black and white information, while chrominance contains the hue and saturation. The luminance (Y) and chrominance (I and Q) values are derived from the primary colors red, green, and blue using specific weighting coefficients. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate Y, I, and Q values from RGB inputs and how to convert luminance levels to IRE units. Tables also summarize luminance and IRE levels for different saturated colors and how desaturation impacts luminance and chrominance.

Uploaded by

Jek O. Malgapu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Color Video Signals

Luminance The luminance signal contains all information required to construct a black and white picture from the signal.

In-phase/Quadrature Chrominance
Chrominance is a combination of both Hue and Saturation

Y = 0.3R + 0.59G + 0.11B

I = 0.6R - 0.28G - 0.32B


Q = 0.21R - 0.52G + 0.31B

Primary Color Signals: R = 0.62Q + 0.95I + Y G = -0.64Q - 0.28I + Y B = 1.73Q - 1.11I + Y

I = 0.6R - 0.28G - 0.32B


Note: The components (negative) of -0.28G and -0.32B total -0.60, which equals the positive value of 0.60R. These values are chosen to make the amplitude of the I-video signal become zero (0) for white.

Q = 0.21R - 0.52G + 0.31B


Note: The components (positive) of 0.21R and 0.31B total 0.52, which equals the negative component of -0.52G. These values are chosen to make the Qvideo signal become zero (0) for white.

Both the I and Q signals are zero for white, since there is no chrominance information in white.

Y, I, Q Matrix Weightings
Red

Green

Blue

wh

yel

cy

mg

blk

R 0.30 0.60 0.21 G 0.59 -0.28 -0.52


B 0.11 -0.32 0.31

Example: An RGB video signal has normalized value of R = 0.2, G = 0.4, B = 0.8. Find the value of Y, I and Q.

Luminance Level to IRE Unit Conversion


IRE = 7.5 + l x (lmax lmin) where: l luminance of a video signal lmax = 100 lmin = 7.5

Example: Find the equivalent IRE units of a video signal which has 80% of the maximum luminance level.

Example: Calculate the luminance signal and the IRE equivalent unit for saturated green and yellow.

Summary of Different IRE Units


Color
White Yellow Cyan Green Magenta Red Blue Black

Luminance
100% 89% 70% 59% 41% 30% 11% 0%

IRE Equiv. Unit


100 89.825 72.25 62.075 45.425 35.25 17.675 7.5

Desaturated Color with White


The addition of white to desaturate a color increases the luminance value and decreases the chrominance value, compared with 100 percent saturation.

Example: Saturated Magenta(R+B): Y = 0.41 I = 0.28 Q = 0.52 80% (saturation) Magenta: Y= I= Q=

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