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HVAC Training

The document discusses different types of refrigeration compressors used in air conditioning systems including reciprocating, scroll, helical-rotary, and centrifugal compressors. It describes the basic operation and components of each type of compressor as well as different methods for controlling compressor capacity.

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Aizat Razak
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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500 views36 pages

HVAC Training

The document discusses different types of refrigeration compressors used in air conditioning systems including reciprocating, scroll, helical-rotary, and centrifugal compressors. It describes the basic operation and components of each type of compressor as well as different methods for controlling compressor capacity.

Uploaded by

Aizat Razak
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Refrigeration Compressors

A Mamu Air Conditioning Clinic

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Vapor-Compression Refrigeration
condenser

expansion device

compressor

evaporator
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Refrigeration Cycle

F E pressure expansion device A

condenser

C
compressor

evaporator

American Standard Inc. 2000

enthalpy

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Refrigeration Compressors
period one

Compressor Types

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

reciprocating

scroll

helical-rotary centrifugal
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Reciprocating Compressor
intake stroke
discharge valve

suction valve
refrigerant vapor rod cylinder piston

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Reciprocating Compressor
compression stroke
discharge valve suction valve

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Reciprocating Compressor
headspace
discharge valve

suction valve
discharge opening
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Reciprocating Compressor
suction opening cylinder headspace

discharge opening
piston rod

motor
American Standard Inc. 2000

crankshaft
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Scroll Compressor
stationary scroll discharge

discharge port intake driven scroll


American Standard Inc. 2000

motor shaft

intake

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Scroll Compressor
intake

discharge port

intake
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Scroll Compressor
intake phase

compression phase

discharge phase
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Scroll Compressor
dome
discharge opening

scrolls

motor

suction opening
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Helical-Rotary (Screw) Compressor

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Helical-Rotary Compressor
female rotor

male rotor housing

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Helical-Rotary Compressor
intake port

pocket of refrigerant vapor


American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Helical-Rotary Compressor

meshing point
American Standard Inc. 2000

discharge port
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Helical-Rotary Compressor
suction opening

slide valve

motor rotors

discharge opening
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Centrifugal Compressor
impeller

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Centrifugal Compressor
volute diffuser passages

radial impeller passages blades


American Standard Inc. 2000

impeller
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Centrifugal Compressor
motor

inlet vanes

suction
American Standard Inc. 2000

impeller
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Open Compressor

housing compressor crankshaft

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Hermetic Compressor

housing

motor

compressor piston

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Semihermetic Compressor
piston

compressor crankshaft motor housing


American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Refrigeration Compressors
period two

Compressor Capacity Control

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Methods of Compressor Unloading


Reciprocating Scroll Helical-Rotary Centrifugal

Cylinder Unloaders Cycle On and Off Slide Valve Inlet Vanes Variable Speed

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Cycling Scroll Compressors


40 tons
[140.7 kW]

D
capacity
20 tons
[70.3 kW]

C E

F H G

0 tons
[0 kW]

20F
[-6.7C]

30F
[-1.1C]

40F
[4.4C]

50F
[10C]
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

American Standard Inc. 2000

suction temperature

Slide Valve

discharge port rotors slide valve


American Standard Inc. 2000

housing

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Slide Valve
discharge port slide valve (closed) slide valve (open)

to suction
valve opening

full load
American Standard Inc. 2000

part load
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Inlet Vanes

inlet vanes impeller

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Variable Speed

variable-speed drive
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Refrigeration Compressors
period three

The Compressor in a System

American Standard Inc. 2000

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

System-Level Control

direct expansion (DX)

chilled water
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Constant-Volume DX System

supply fan DX cooling coil compressor capacity controller


American Standard Inc. 2000

thermostat
Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Chilled-Water System

coil

supply fan

modulating water valve


thermostat pump
American Standard Inc. 2000

evaporator

compressor capacity controller

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

Sensing Suction Temperature

condenser expansion valve suction line compressor

sensor evaporator
American Standard Inc. 2000 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

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