Managing

Health &
Safety
By:
Cindy, Dewi, Haroh
The Real Cost of Accidents

• Less profit
• Less productivity
• Physical defect
• Death
• Illness
The Rule of Government

• UU No. 1 tahun 1970 about safety work

• UU No. 3 tahun 1992 about Jaminan Sosial Tenaga Kerja.
• PP No. 14 tahun 1993 about the programmes held by Jaminan Sosial Tenaga
Kerja.
• Keppres No. 22 tahun 1993 about the illness resulted from working place.
• Permenaker No. Per-05/MEN/1993 about the technical guidelines for
registering as the member, payment, and services in Jamsostek.
Advantages and Disadvantages

• Advantages of Managing Health and Safety

• Improve staff morale and lower staff turnover
• Improve standing in the local community
• Better working conditions
• Less absenteeism
• Increased productivity
Disadvantages…..

• Disadvantages of Managing Health and Safety

• Injury or death of employees
• Damaged machinery
• Lost output
• Poor industrial relations
Corporate Risk in Health and Safety

• Being sued by an employee or his or her family for causing death,

injury, loss of hearing, cancer or loss of limb.
• Being prosecuted by a regulatory authority or being ordered to cease
production
• Loss of output caused by loss of key worker
Case Study

• PT. Freeport Indonesia:

Illustration: Protest for the fatality disaster in Freeport/ Rio Tinto
Papua Barat
Big slide in this company in Grasberg resulted 8 people death and 5
people injured. It leads to the protest of the families of the sacrifice.
Chronology
• October, 9th 2003 the accident happened with the hole in the south wall in this corporate mining
fallen out, about 2.3 ton pebbles and mud slide to the workers and the big machines.
• October, 10th 2003 the minister of energy and mining asked to stop all mining activities in the
location the slide happened for two weeks, and the government will make the investigative team to
observe this case. The other location weren’t influenced by this case.
• According to Sydney Morning Herald, Freeport has known the remembrance of this disaster on
October, 7th 2003. This company has moved all of the equipments from the location disaster
happened, but the company didn’t share this information to the workers in that location.
• According to Suryatono, one of the officials of PT. Freeport who also lead the investigation said
that the workers have said to the chief operation whether there is the possibility of slide, but the
chief made the wrong decision whether the slide happened because of the disaster.
Analysis

• The Freeport wasn’t apply the risk assessment well

• The company also lack of the willingness to avoid the risk from the workers.
• Freeport also collides with the rule of the government in managing health and
safety
• Freeport also ignored the risk assessment elements
• The company thought by hiding the information
• The company should make the safe systems of work to reduce the risk of the
accidents.
 Risk
Assessmen
t
in Health and Safety
Element of Risk Assessment

‡ Identify the danger

‡ Assessing the hazard decided who might be harmed
‡ List controls and precautions
‡ Assess what further action is needed
‡ Act on the finding

1. Identify the danger:

 Ask Staff
Review all purchase
Audit workplace for dangerous process
Check government list of dangerous substances
Read trade publication or information published by
trade associations
2.Assesing the Hazard: how serious accident could be, how
probable, who might be affected
Risk Assessment chart
Auditor Specify the Who might be Date: Controls Further action
danger harmed and precaution needed

Dangerous machinery

Pressure systems

Noise and vibration

Electrical safety

Hazardous substances (fumes,

dust, toxic)
Lifting and handling

Slips, trips, and falls

Computer screens

Radiation

Vehicles

Fire

Other risks
 elements
WWW.ANIMATIONFACTORY.COM

3. Decided who might be harmed 4. List Control & Precaution

staff, visitors, members of Company should show how
the public, cleaners, hazard is managed. Ex: give
contractor, or other visitors brief health & safety
companies which share the booklets
workplace

5. Assess what further action is

needed 6. Act on the Finding
Shows what needs to be added to
“controls and precautions list”.
7. Review the assessment periodically
This action list may include: ways of
making hazard less risky (extra
guards, upgrading machinery,
installing monitors or alarm)
 Minimizing the risks
“Redesign the job not the person”

Table 6.2 Strategies for minimizing risk

Control staff and exposure Control the hazard Remove the hazard
• Personal protective clothing • Audit regularly • Change the activity to
• Train staff • Good Housekeeping remove or minimize
• Use work methods that• Adapt; use in safer the risk
minimize the chances of spill form
or escape • Isolate and enclose;
ventilate
strategies that company can do in order
to minimize risk:

• Remove The Hazard

• Controlling The Hazard
• Controlling staff and exposure
Workplac
e
Hazard
Dangerous Machines Pressure Systems
‡ menace the worker safety
› liquid or gas under pressure
‡ require the worker wearing special clothes
› boilers and steam heating systems
‡ require the fail-safe devices.
› pressured systems shall not be used
‡ maintenance to the machine also
dangerous

Noise and Vibration

Electrical Safety
Noise (dB) can arise
 Worker: from the operated
Engineers,
machines in a high
electricians speed
 injuries : electric  Noise at work can
shock, electrical burns, cause hearing loss
loss of muscle, thermal  Common
occurrences in the
burns
industrial
environment
 Hazardous Substances (Danger to Lungs or Skin)

all substances ( liquid, gas, powder, solids or dusts)

that can be swallowed but can hurt or burn the skin
yielded by a mixing during processing cleaning,
repairing and maintenance

Confined Spaces
insufficient of oxygen,
overcome by fumes,
asphyxia or drowning in the
liquid
 Lifting and Handling

Handling: removing loads by hand or bodily force

that can generate the bodily injury
Lifting or carrying: by back pain and
can generate the back injuries

Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)

Slips are caused of wet
and Working With Computers
and slippery floor
Trips are caused by
obstructions like cable
The work is done repeatedly and pipe
and continuously
Computer’ screen can reflects
glare from lights.
Slips, Trips, and Falls
 Injury
Causes
By
Vehicles Drivin
g

Risk for Human

Services Factors
Business
 SAFE SYSTEM OF WORK
Occupational Health and Safety management System
• An Occupational Health and Safety Management System provide a
framework for managing OHS responsibilities so they become more efficient
and more integrated into overall business operations. OHS Management
Systems are based on standards, which specify a process of achieving
continuously improved OHS performance and complying with legislation. BSI
Management Systems offers registration to the internationally recognized
assessment specification OHSAS 18001
• Types of management systems
1. Internally developed systems
2. External guides
ISO 9001/9002 Quality
Baldridge, MBNQA Quality
ISO TS 16949 Automotive quality
ISO 13485 Medical device quality
ISO 14001 Environment
OHSAS 18001 H&S
ILO Guidelines H&S
"Responsible care" Chemical (EH&S)
 Evolution of OH&S Management
• 30’s “look after yourself”
employee responsibility
• Employee protection
‘Transfer risk’
• Problem avoidance:
Operate so there is no problem, or a much reduced problem

The OHS Management Cycle

•OH&S Policy
•Planning
•Implementation&Operation
•Checking and Corrective Action
•Management Review
•Continual Improvement