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Educational Research: Fundamentals For The Consumer: Sixth Edition

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CHAPTER 13

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
219 views15 pages

Educational Research: Fundamentals For The Consumer: Sixth Edition

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CHAPTER 13

Uploaded by

Joshua Rosenbaum
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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McMillan

Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e


2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Educational Research:
Fundamentals for the Consumer
Woolfolk / Perry
Child and Adolescent Development
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Sixth Edition
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Discussions and Conclusions
Chapter 13
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

3
Discussion Topics
Purpose and nature of the discussion
Interpretation of the Results
Conclusions
Limitations
Recommendations and Implications
Criteria for evaluating discussion and
conclusions sections of a report
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

4
Purpose and Nature
The purpose of the discussion section is to
present an interpretation of the results, the
conclusions, and recommendations for further
study
An evaluation of the methodology and results to
help readers understand what the results mean and
how they can be used
Integrates the research problem, review of the
literature, and results
Speculates about the implications of the results
through a synthesis of the study reflecting the
professional judgment of the researcher
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

5
Interpretation of the Results
An analysis of the results focusing on factors
that might help explain them
Interpretations related to the problem and/or
hypothesis
Restatement of the research question
Interpretation of how well the data answers the
question
Importance of the readers critical analysis of these
interpretations
Interpretations based on theory
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

6
Interpretation of the Results
Interpretations related to methodology
Selection of participants
Measurement of variables for quantitative
and mixed-method studies
Experimental interventions for quantitative
and mixed-method studies
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

7
Interpretation of the Results
Interpretations based on analyzing data
Quantitative
Errors in reporting statistical results
Violation of assumptions of the statistical procedures
Use of appropriate statistical procedures, particularly
in multivariate studies
Statistical and practical significance
Qualitative
Development of data coding scheme
Use of constant comparison
Approach to document review
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8
Interpretation of the Results
Interpretations related to previous
research
Most common feature of discussion
sections
Places results explicitly in the context of
other research and whether or not its
consistent
Enhances the contribution of the new
research to a recognized body of literature
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

9
Conclusions
Summary statements of the results as
they pertain to the research problem
Can be found in various locations in the
discussion section
Should include indications of why the
conclusions are supported
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

10
Conclusions
Limitations
Seven factors or variables that need to be
considered in using the conclusions
Participant characteristics
Population validity - generalizability to other
individuals
Comparison of the sample, sampling frame, and target
population
Comparisons across subjects within the sample
Contextual characteristics
Ecological validity - generalization to other settings,
times, treatments, or measures
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

11
Conclusions
Seven factors (continued)
Methodology
Non-experimental designs drawing causal
conclusions
Experimental studies drawing causal conclusions
when internal validity is weak
When the research is conducted
Interventions
Explication of the intervention
Hawthorne Effect - the effects of individuals
realizing they are participating in a study
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12
Conclusions
Seven factors (continued)
Measures
Validity
Reliability
Concerns related to overly strict analysis of
limitations
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

13
Conclusions
Recommendations and implications
Statements suggesting future action as a
result of the study
Focus on methodological issues
Focus on practice
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

14
Evaluation Criteria
The results should be adequately
interpreted
The conclusions should answer the
research questions
The conclusions should be limited by
participant characteristics and selection
The conclusions should be limited by the
nature of the interventions, and measures
McMillan
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer, 6e
2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

15
Evaluation Criteria
Statistical and practical significance are
discussed separately
Failure to show statistical significance
does not mean there is not relationship or
difference
Limitations should be reasonable
Recommendations and implications
should be specific

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