1887-1888

Chapter 10
Rizals reasons
To operate on his mothers eyes

To serve his people who had long
been oppressed by Spanish tyrants

Rizals reasons
To find out for himself how the Noli and
his other writings were affecting
Filipinos and Spaniards in the
Philippines

To inquire why Leonor Rivera remained
silent
Rizals Letters
Letter to Blumentritt
Written in Geneva
On June 19, 1887

Letter to Don Francisco
Written in Rome
On June 29, 1887

He left Rome by train for Marseilles

He boarded the steamer Djemnah

He acted as interpreter for his
companions
Djemnah
The steamer was enroute to the Orient
via the Suez Canal

After leaving Aden, the weather
became rough and some of his books
get wet
Suez Canal
Aden Port
At Saigon, he transferred to steamer
Haiphong which was Manila-bound

Haiphong
August 5, the Haiphong arrived in
Manila

August 8, he returned to Calamba

He wrote a letter to Blumentritt of his
homecoming

All his family became worried of his
safety

In Calamba, he established a medical
clinic

Doctor Uliman
Because he came from Germany, treated
their ailments and he acquired a lucrative
medical practice
He opened a gymnasium for young
folks and introduced European sports
Gymnastics
Fencing
Shooting

He failed to see Leonor
He received a letter from Governor
General Emilio Terrero requesting him
to come to Malacaang Palace


Emilio Terrero
Father Font printed and distributed
copies of Noli in order to discredit the
novel.
Father Jose Rodriguez published a
series of pamphlets to blast the Noli
and other anti-Spanish writings.


Cuestiones de Sumo Interes
(Questions of Supreme Interests)
1. Porque no los he de leer? (Why
Should I not read them?)
2. Guardaos de ellos. Porque? (Beware
of Them. Why?)
3. Y que me dice usted dela peste?
(And What Can You Tell Me of
Plague?)

Cuestiones de Sumo Interes
(Questions of Supreme Interests)
4. Porque triunfan los impios? ( Why Do
the Impious Triumph?)
5. Cree usted que de veras no hay
purgatorio? (Do You Think There Is No
Purgatory?)
6. Hay o no hay infierno? (Is There or Is
There no Hell?)

Cuestiones de Sumo Interes
(Questions of Supreme Interests)
7. Que la parece a usted de esos
libelos? (What Do You Think of These
Libels?)
8. Confesion o condenacion?
(Confession or Damnation?)
Sold daily after Mass.
Filipinos are forced to buy
these pamphlets
Repercussions of these
reached Spain
ATTACKERS OF NOLI
IN SPANISH CORTES
General Jose Salamanca (April 1,
1888)
Luis M. de Pando (April 12, 1888)
Sr. Fernando Vida (June 11,1888)
Vicente Madrid (published an
article in La Espadana Moderna)
DEFENDERS OF NOLI
Marcelo H. Del Pilar
Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Mariano Ponce
Other Filipino reformists
DEFENDERS OF NOLI
Fr. Sanchez
Don Segismundo Moret
Dr. Miguel Morayta
Professor Blumentritt
DEFENDERS OF NOLI
Rev. Vicente Garcia
Filipino Catholic priest-scholar
Theologian in Manila Cathedral
Translator in Filipino of Thomas
Kempis Imitation of Christ
Wrote a defense in Noli in the pen
name Desiderio Magalang
DEFENDERS OF NOLI
Rev. Vicente Garcia
Wrote a pamphlet published in
Singapore
Presented arguments
April 18,1888
Arguments of Rev. Vicente Garcia
1.Rizal cannot be an ignorant
man, as Fr. Rodriguez alleged,
because he was a graduate of
Spanish universities and a recipient
of scholastic honors.

Arguments of Rev. Vicente Garcia
2. Rizal does not attack the Church
and Spain, as Father Rodriguez
claimed, because what Rizal
attacked in the Noli were the bad
Spanish officials not Sapain, and the
bad and corrupt friars not the
Church.
Arguments of Rev. Vicente Garcia
3. Father Rodriguez said that those
who read the Noli commit a mortal
sin; since he (Rodriguez) had read
the novel, therefore he also
commits a mortal sin.
Letter of Rizal in Brussels,
Belgium
February 1880
Exposed Barrantes ignorance of
Philippine affairs and mental
dishonesty
Satire and polemics
Letter of Rizal to Fernando Canon
Geneva
June 13, 1887
Price of Noli
Five pesetas (one peso)
Rose to fifty pesos per copy
RIZAL AND TAVIEL de ANDRADE
Taviel de Andrade
Rizals Spanish bodyguard
assigned by Gov. Gen.
Terrero
Became a friend of Rizal

Things which marred Rizal and
Andrades stay in Calamba:
Death of Olimpia
Tales that Andrade is a
German spy. An agent of
Bismark, a Protestant, a
Mason, a witch, a soul
beyond salvation, etc.
Calambas Agrarian Trouble
Rizals findings:
1. The hacienda of the
Dominican Order comprised
not only the lands in
Calamba, but also the town
of Calamba
Rizals findings:
2. The profits of the
Dominican Order continually
increased because of the
arbitrary increase of rentals
paid by tenants.
Rizals findings:
3. The hacienda owner never
contributed a single centavo
for the celebration of the
town fiesta, for the education
of children, and for the
improvement of agriculture.
Rizals findings:
4. Tenants who had spent
much labor in clearing the
lands were dispossessed of
said lands for flimsy reasons.
Rizals findings:
5. High rates of interest were
charged the tenants for
delayed payment of rentals,
and when the rentals could
not be paid, the hacienda
management confiscated
their carabaos, tools, homes/
Farewell to Calamba
Rizals life was
threatened
Gen Tererros advice

Rizals reasons in leaving
Calamba:
His presence in Calamba
was jeopardizing the safety
and happiness of his family
and friends.
Rizals reasons in leaving
Calamba:
He could fight better his
enemies and serve his
countrys cause with greater
efficacy by writing in foreign
countries.
A POEM for LIPA
A poem for Lipa
1888
Commemoration of the towns
elevation to a villa (city)
Becerra Law of 1888
Himno Al Trabajo
Dedicated to the industrious folks
of Lipa