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Textile Testing

The Stelometer is an instrument that tests cotton fiber tenacity and elongation using a pendulum lever principle. It determines the breaking force of a small fiber sample by the sample between grips. Both the breaking force and weight of the broken sample are used to calculate tenacity and elongation. The Pressley Fiber Strength Tester operates on a balance principle, where a weight moves along a beam to break a fiber ribbon. The distance traveled by the weight indicates the breaking load, which along with the sample weight is used to calculate various fiber strength metrics like Pressley Index, tensile strength, and breaking length. Standard procedures include conditioning samples, preparing them between clamps of a specific gauge length, and recording the breaking force and

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1K views20 pages

Textile Testing

The Stelometer is an instrument that tests cotton fiber tenacity and elongation using a pendulum lever principle. It determines the breaking force of a small fiber sample by the sample between grips. Both the breaking force and weight of the broken sample are used to calculate tenacity and elongation. The Pressley Fiber Strength Tester operates on a balance principle, where a weight moves along a beam to break a fiber ribbon. The distance traveled by the weight indicates the breaking load, which along with the sample weight is used to calculate various fiber strength metrics like Pressley Index, tensile strength, and breaking length. Standard procedures include conditioning samples, preparing them between clamps of a specific gauge length, and recording the breaking force and

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jayantver
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STELOMETER

Principle :- Pendulum lever principle of


loading.

The Spinlab Stelometer is an instrument that
tests a flat sample of cotton fiber for tenacity
and elongation.

Gauge length of generally 1/8 inches is used
for measurement.

oTHEORY OF OPERATION
The stelometer determines the force
that is required to break a small, flat
sample of fiber. The broken sample is
then weighed. Both the breaking force
and weight are plugged into an equation
to determine the tenacity. Elongation is
how far the fibers will stretch before
they break.
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

Before sample preparation begins, all raw
fiber to be tested must be allowed to
condition in the testing environment.
These conditions are the Temperature at
about 72 degrees Fahrenheit (plus or
minus one degree) and Relative Humidity
at about 65% (plus or minus 4%).

PREPARING THE SAMPLE
*Mix the sample back and forth between your hands using the fingers.
*Do this about four or five times until the sample is mixed and the
fibers are lined up parallel.
*When mixing the sample there should be very little tension, so that
you don't break the fibers.

*With the sample in your right hand, run
the sample through the comb pulling
excess fibers loose from the bundle
between your fingers.
PLACING THE SAMPLE IN THE FIBER CLAMP

*Make sure the fiber clamps are tight in the Fiber Clamp
Apparatus by turning the big knob at the bottom clockwise
until it is snug.
Fix the small clamp in the vice of the apparatus by
letting go with your thumb and holding down the top
part with your forefinger.

Loosen the Fiber Clamp Apparatus by turning
the big knob counter-clockwise, and remove the
fiber clamp.

Remove the excess fiber from both ends of the
clamp with a knife
Insert the fiber clamp into the stelometer and
push the button .
Record the numbers from the scales where the indicators have
stopped.
Breaking strength Scale. (upper scale)
Elongation Scale. (lower scale)
After the bundle has been broken fibres are collected & weighed.
From the indicated breaking load at 1/8 inches & fibre weight in
mg. tensile strength is calculated.

Tenacity in gm/tex = breaking load in kg*1.5*10/sample wt. in
mg.
Principle :- Balance type of tester based on
principle of moments.
A small tuft of fibre is prepared and clamped
between the jaws as explained earlier.

PRESSLEY FIBRE STRENGTH TESTER
PROCEDURE
Clamps into the end of the tester and
instrument levelled with spirit level.
Heavy rolling weight w held initially by a catch
and as soon as it is lifted weight rules down the
beam.
Weight moves away from the beam which
breaks the ribbon of fibres which stops w
instantly.
Distance travelled by weight is the measure of
load required to break the specimen.


Broken specimen collected and weighed accurately.
CALCULATIONS
Pressley index (P.I.) = breaking load in lbs/bundle wt. in mg.
Tensile strength in lbs/sq. inch = (10.8116* P.I. - 0.12)*1000
Tensile strength in gm/tex = 5.36 * P.I.
Breaking length in km = 5.36 * P.I.

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