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Welcome You To Applications of Computer in Business Course Code: CSE 120

The document provides an introduction to applications of computers in business, covering topics such as the definition of a computer, classification of computers and software, organization of computer systems, and memory. It discusses hardware, software, users, and data as components of a computer system and how computers process data into information.

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Sabyasachi Bosu
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45 views30 pages

Welcome You To Applications of Computer in Business Course Code: CSE 120

The document provides an introduction to applications of computers in business, covering topics such as the definition of a computer, classification of computers and software, organization of computer systems, and memory. It discusses hardware, software, users, and data as components of a computer system and how computers process data into information.

Uploaded by

Sabyasachi Bosu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

Welcome you

to
Applications of Computer in Business
Course Code: CSE 120
Semester: Spring
Lecture: 01 & 02

Copyright: sabyasachi

Outline

Definition of Computer
A computer system
Classification of Computer
Classification of Software
Organization of a computer system
Classification of Memory

copyright: sabyasachi

Definition of Computer

A computer is an electronic device that


process data, converting it into information
that is useful to people.
A computer is an electronic machine that
stores, retrieves and processes data. Finally
generate meaningful information with speed
and accuracy.

copyright: sabyasachi

Data vs. Information

Data (symbol) used by computers


Information (meaningful) used by people

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Storage of Data Processing

The four stages of data processing


Input: Data are collected and entered into computer
Data Processing: Data are manipulated into
information using mathematical, statistical and other
tools.
Output: Information is displayed or presented.
Storage: Data and information are maintained for
later use.

copyright: sabyasachi

Why computer is so powerful?

Speed
Reliability & Consistency
Storage
Accuracy
Communications

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Computer System:

Every Computer is a part of a system. And a


complete computer system consists of four
parts:
Hardware
Software
One or More Users
Data
copyright: sabyasachi

Computer System (Cont)

Hardware: The physical devices that make


up the computer are called hardware. By
itself a computer has no intelligence and is
referred to as hardware, which means simple
the physical component. Hardware is any
part of the computer you can touch.

copyright: sabyasachi

Computer System (Cont)

Software: Software consists of the step by


step instructions that tell the computer how to
perform a task. Without software, the
hardware is useless.
Users: The user is a person who has not
enough
technical
knowledge
about
computers but who uses computers to
perform professional or personal tasks,
enhance learning or having fun.
copyright: sabyasachi

Computer System (Cont)

10

Data:The
raw
material
from
which
information is generated. Data appear in the
form of text numbers, audio, video, images,
figures or any combination of these.

copyright: sabyasachi

User vs. Computer Professional

11

The user is a person perhaps like yourselfsomeone without much technical knowledge
of computers but who users computers to
perform professional or personal tasks,
enhance learning or have fun.

copyright: sabyasachi

User vs. Computer Professional

12

A computer professional is a person who


has had formal education in the technical
aspects of using computers. For example, a
computer programmer designs, writes, tests
and implements the programs that process
the data in the computer system.

copyright: sabyasachi

Classification of Computers
Based of capacity basis:
Super Computer
Mainframe Computer
Mini Computer
Micro Computer

13

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Program & Programming

14

A program is a step by step instructions


given to a computer to have it perform
various task.
Programmers write software using special
language, called programming language.
The process of writing programs is referred
to as programming.

copyright: sabyasachi

Software Classification

15

System Software: System software runs the


computers basic operations, allows the
computer to run applications software and
allows the users to interact with the
computer. eg: XP, LINUX etc.
Application Software: Application Software
consists of computer programs designed to
satisfy a users specific needs. eg: Game
copyright: sabyasachi

System Software Environment

16

Multiprogramming: A computing environment


in which the user can run two or more
programs concurrently on the same
computer with one central processor.
Time Sharing Environment: A way of allowing
different users to use the CPU at the same
time.

copyright: sabyasachi

System Software Environment


Multiprocessing: A multiprocessing environment has
a number of processors that process data and
instructions, unlike system that have only one
Processor.
Example: System Software
Windows
DOS (Disk Operating System)
UNIX
LINUX

17

copyright: sabyasachi

Organization of computer system


Computer system consists of five basis units:
Input unit
Memory Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Control Unit
Output Unit
The control unit together with the ALU and Memory
Units, constitutes the Central PROCESSING Unit.

18

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Organization of computer system

19

copyright: sabyasachi

Organization of computer system

20

Input Unit: Input data are fed into computer


by the help of input devices. The most
common input devices are Keyboard, Mouse
Scanner, Digital Camera etc.
Memory Unit : Both program and data are
stored for processing.

copyright: sabyasachi

Organization of computer system

21

ALU Unit: The ALU Unit performs the actual


processing of data including addition,
subtraction, multiplication and also division.
This unit also performs certain logical
operations.
Output unit: Output data are presented the
user with the help of output devices. The
most common output devices are Monitor,
Speaker, Printer etc.
copyright: sabyasachi

Organization of computer system

22

Control UNIT: Control all the operations of


the computer.

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Microprocessor (cpu)
The microprocessor is an electronic device. It
is the heart and brain inside every
microcomputer.
Functions
of
a
microprocessor are as follows:
i) The processor firsts fetches an instruction
from the main memory
ii)The instructions is then decoded to determine
what action is require to be done.

23

copyright: sabyasachi

Microprocessor (cpu)
iii) Based on instruction the processor fetches,
if required , data from main memory or I/O
(Input & output) module.
iv) The instruction is then executed which may
require performing arithmetic or logical
operations on data.
v) In addition to execution, CPU also
supervises and controls I/O devices.
24

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Microprocessor (cpu)

25

Finally, the results of an execution trasfer of


data to memory or an I/O Module.

copyright: sabyasachi

Functions of the ALU


ALU is the computers calculator. It is the
data processing unit of the microprocessor.
Functions of the ALU are:
Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division)
Logical operations (OR, AND, NOT etc).
Decision Making

26

copyright: sabyasachi

Functions of the CU

27

The control unit performs the computers


traffic control. It coordinates and controls
operations of the CPU. Functions of the CU
are:
Determine the instruction to be executed
Determine the operation to be performed
Determines what data are needed and where
they are stored
copyright: sabyasachi

Functions of the CU

28

Determines where results, if any, are to be


stored
Determined where the next instruction is
located
Transfers control to the next instruction

copyright: sabyasachi

Classification of Memory
Main
memory/
Primary
(storage)/Memory
RAM: Random Access Memory
ROM: Read Only Memory
Auxiliary
Memory/Secondary
(Storage)/ Storage
Magnetic tape
Hard Disk
CD ROM & DVD ROM

29

memory

Memory

copyright: sabyasachi

30

copyright: sabyasachi

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