1.

Divide the cards up equally among the

group
2. Take it in turns to read out ONE property.
The highest value wins the other cards.
3. Answer ALL questions at the bottom of
each card

Zinc

Copper

Density

7,135
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

8,940
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

2.5

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

96 GPa

Flexibility

Young
modulus

120
GPa

Flexibility

Strength

200x10
6 Pa

Toughness

Strength

220x10
6 Pa

Toughness

1. QUESTION: What is the definition of a brittle

material?

2. QUESTION: How is the stiffness of a material

calculated?

Carbon
Fibre

Lead

Density

1,950
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

11,340
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

1.5

Ductility

Young
modulus

181x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

16x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Strength

4300
x106Pa

Toughness

Strength

100
x106Pa

Toughness

3. QUESTION: How is stored elastic energy

calculated from a graph of Force applied (N) over
extension of a material (m)?

4. QUESTION: What is hysteresis? How would this

appear in a graph?

Stainless
Steel

Aerogel

Density

8000
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

1 kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

4.5

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

110
GPa

Flexibility

Young
modulus

1 MPa

Flexibility

Strength

2000
x106 Pa

Toughness

Strength

0.4x106
Pa

Toughness

5. QUESTION: Explain why the units of the Young

Modulus can be either Nm-2 or Pa.

6. QUESTION: Why might a material be described

as tough?

Titanium

Iron

Density

4,500kgm-3

Malleabilit
y

Density

7,800
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

310x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

210x10
9 Pa

Flexibility

Strength

10.4PGa

Toughness

Strength

3x106
Pa

Toughness

7. Task: Draw a stress strain graph for titanium.

8. Question: The compressive strength of marble is

112MPa. If a marble column holding up a roof of a temple
is a cylinder supporting 1.43x107N, what is its minimum
diameter?

Rubber

Graphite

Density

1,100
kgm-3

Malleability

10

Density

2.7x103
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

1.2

Ductility

Young
modulus

0.01x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

9.2Nm-2

Flexibility

Strength

15x106
Pa

Toughness

Strength

1x106
Pa

Toughness

9. QUESTION: How is Youngs Modulus calculated?

10. TASK: Draw a stress-strain graph and plot two

lines of different stiffness

Diamond

Graphene

Density

3.5x103
kgm-3

Malleabilit
y

Density

10 kgm-3

Malleabilit
y

Hardness

10

Ductility

Hardness

10

Ductility

Young
modulus

1220x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

1000
GPa

Flexibility

Strength

1600x106
Pa

Toughness

10

Strength

130 GPa

Toughness

10

11. QUESTION: Why is glass said to be brittle?

12. QUESTION: Name 3 malleable materials and

state the definition of malleable.

Pine wood

Glass

Density

510
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

2.8x103
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

2.5

Ductility

Hardness

5.5

Ductility

Young
modulus

9 GPa

Flexibility

Young
modulus

80x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Strength

40X106
Pa

Toughness

Strength

33x106
Pa

Toughness

13. QUESTION: What are the units of tensile strain?

14. Task: Draw a stress-strain graph for glass

Brass

Bone

Density

8520
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

2000
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

100x10
9 Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

14 x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Strength

550x10
6 Pa

Toughness

8.5

Strength

130x10
6 Pa

Toughness

15. QUESTION: What is necking and when does it

occur in material tests?

16. QUESTION: How is compressive stress

calculated and what are the units?

Skin

Nylon

Density

1050
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

1120
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

7,500
Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

2 GNm2

Flexibility

Strength

20 MPa

Toughness

Strength

580
x106 Pa

Toughness

17. QUESTION: Define shear stress and give an

example of it.

18. QUESTION: Is a material that is brittle also

weak?

Polystyrene

75kgm-

Sapphire

Malleability

Density

3970
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

3.5x109
Nm-2

Flexibility

Young
modulus

435x10
9 Nm-2

Flexibility

Strength

50 MPa

Toughness

Strength

1.9 GPa

Toughness

Density

19. QUESTION: What can be said to be the

opposite of brittleness?

20. QUESTION: ________ materials show

resistance to plastic deformation

Concrete

Aluminium

Density

2,400
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

2,700
kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

85 GPa

Flexibility

Young
modulus

69
GNm-2

Flexibility

Strength

3 MPa

Toughness

Strength

50x106
Pa

Toughness

21. QUESTION: Whats the definition of

compressive strength?

22. QUESTION: Whats the definition of

compressive strain?

Spider silk

Human Hair

Density

1,300
kgm-3

Malleability

Density

0.07 kgm-3

Malleability

Hardness

Ductility

Hardness

Ductility

Young
modulus

300
MPa

Flexibility

10

Young
modulus

Nm-2

Flexibility

Strength

1 GPa

Toughness

Strength

380x106
Pa

Toughness

23. QUESTION: Are all malleable materials tough?

Explain.

24. QUESTION: Give the material properties

necessary for a) Aeroplane wings b) Electrical wiring
and c) Building construction

QUESTIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

QUESTION: What is the definition of a brittle material?

QUESTION: How is the stiffness of a material calculated?
QUESTION: How is stored elastic energy calculated from a graph of Force
applied (N) over extension of a material (m)?
QUESTION: What is hysteresis? How would this appear in a graph?
QUESTION: Explain why the units of the Young Modulus can be either Nm-2
or Pa.
QUESTION: Why might a material be described as tough?
Task: Draw a stress strain graph for titanium.
Question: The compressive strength of marble is 112MPa. If a marble
column holding up a roof of a temple is a cylinder supporting 1.43x107N,
what is its minimum diameter?
QUESTION: How is Youngs Modulus calculated?
TASK: Draw a stress-strain graph and plot two lines of different stiffness
QUESTION: Why is glass said to be brittle?
QUESTION: Name 3 malleable materials and state the definition of
malleable.
QUESTION: What are the units of tensile strain?
Task: Draw a stress-strain graph for glass
QUESTION: What is necking and when does it occur in material tests?
QUESTION: How is compressive stress calculated and what are the units?
QUESTION: Define shear stress and give an example of it.
QUESTION: Is a material that is brittle also weak?
QUESTION: What can be said to be the opposite of brittleness?
QUESTION: ________ materials show resistance to plastic deformation
QUESTION: Whats the definition of compressive strength?
QUESTION: Whats the definition of compressive strain?
QUESTION: Are all malleable materials tough? Explain.
QUESTION: Give the material properties necessary for a) Aeroplane wings
b) Electrical wiring and c) Building construction

ANSWERS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

QUESTION: A lot of stress for little strain. Shatters upon larger applied
forces?
QUESTION: F = kx, where k is the stiffness
QUESTION: Area under graph = Nm = Joules
QUESTION: What is hysteresis? How would this appear in a graph?
QUESTION: Explain why the units of the Young Modulus can be either Nm-2
or Pa.
QUESTION: Why might a material be described as tough?
Task: Draw a stress strain graph for titanium.
Question: The compressive strength of marble is 112MPa. If a marble
column holding up a roof of a temple is a cylinder supporting 1.43x107N,
what is its minimum diameter? 0.4m
QUESTION: How is Youngs Modulus calculated?
TASK: Draw a stress-strain graph and plot two lines of different stiffness
QUESTION: Why is glass said to be brittle?
QUESTION: Name 3 malleable materials and state the definition of
malleable.
QUESTION: What are the units of tensile strain?
Task: Draw a stress-strain graph for glass
QUESTION: What is necking and when does it occur in material tests?
QUESTION: How is compressive stress calculated and what are the units?
QUESTION: Define shear stress and give an example of it.
QUESTION: Is a material that is brittle also weak?
QUESTION: What can be said to be the opposite of brittleness?
QUESTION: ________ materials show resistance to plastic deformation
QUESTION: Whats the definition of compressive strength?
QUESTION: Whats the definition of compressive strain?
QUESTION: Are all malleable materials tough? Explain.
QUESTION: Give the material properties necessary for a) Aeroplane wings
b) Electrical wiring and c) Building construction