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Virtual Chassis: Proprietary and Confidential

Virtual Chassis is a collection of interconnected EX 4200 switches that are represented and managed as a single entity. Benefits include simplified management tasks such as software upgrades. Deployment options include: Single-rack application Generally spans less than 5 meters Top-rack application can span up to 15 meters. Remote wiring closet application Uses VCEPs to interconnect switches in remote wiring closets; can span more than 500 meters.

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Ruben Felipe Munguia
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© © All Rights Reserved
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48 views23 pages

Virtual Chassis: Proprietary and Confidential

Virtual Chassis is a collection of interconnected EX 4200 switches that are represented and managed as a single entity. Benefits include simplified management tasks such as software upgrades. Deployment options include: Single-rack application Generally spans less than 5 meters Top-rack application can span up to 15 meters. Remote wiring closet application Uses VCEPs to interconnect switches in remote wiring closets; can span more than 500 meters.

Uploaded by

Ruben Felipe Munguia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Virtual Chassis

4-1
Copyright 2005 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

www.juniper.net

What Is a Virtual Chassis System?


A collection of interconnected EX 4200
switches that are represented and managed
as a single entity
Consists of 1 to 10 EX 4200 switches
Provides a scaling solution within a switching
environment
Allows up to 480 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Benefits of a Virtual Chassis System


Managed as a single switch
Simplifies management tasks such as software
upgrades
Spanning Tree Protocol is not required within
Virtual Chassis systems

Provides control plane redundancy


Facilitates master and backup Routing Engine
election and management

Allows growth and expansion based on needs


Start with a single EX 4200 switch and grow as
needed (up to a maximum of 10 EX 4200
switches)
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Virtual Chassis Components (1 of 2)


EX 4200 platform switches
1 to 10 EX 4200 switches can be interconnected
Varying EX 4200 platforms supported in Virtual
Chassis systems

PFE
Each EX 4200 switch has 2 or 3 PFEs
24-port platforms have 2 PFEs
48-port platforms have 3 PFEs

The PFEs interconnect to form the backplane

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Virtual Chassis Components (2 of 2)


VCPs:
Use proprietary VCB cables
VCPs are located on the rear of EX 4200 switches
Each EX 4200 switch comes with a .5 meter VCB
cable
Longer VCB cables are available

No configuration required
Ports can be enabled or disabled

VCEPs:
Use fiber optics to connect remote member switches
Require 2x10 Gigabit Ethernet uplink module
Must be enabled

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Deployment Options
Some common deployment options include:
Single-rack application
Generally spans less than 5 meters

Top-of-rack application
Can span up to 15 meters

Remote wiring closet application


Uses VCEPs to interconnect switches in remote wiring
closets; can span more than 500 meters

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Deployment Scenarios (1 of 3)
Single-rack application:

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Deployment Scenarios (2 of 3)
Top-of-rack application:

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Deployment Scenarios (3 of 3)
Remote wiring closet application:
Distributio
n

Closet - East

Closet West

10-Gigabit VCEP
10-Gigabit Uplink
VCP
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Installing a Virtual Chassis System (1 of


2)
Recommended process:
1. Install desired master switch
Power up desired master switch
switch becomes master and
obtains member-id 0
Assign mastership priority (255)

2. Add desired backup switch


Connect to master using VCB
cable
Power up desired backup switch
switch is elected as backup and
assigned member-id 1
Assign mastership priority (254)

Master (Active
RE)

O
N

Backup (Backup
RE)

O
N

Linecard

2
Linecard

3
Linecard

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

10

Installing a Virtual Chassis System (2 of


2)
Recommended process
(contd.):

Master (Active
RE)

3. Add line card switch


Connect to switch above with
VCB cable
Power up third switchswitch
becomes line card and is
assigned
member-id 2
Assign desired mastership priority

4. Repeat Step 3 to add


subsequent line card switches
Last line card switch completes
loop by connecting with master

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

O
N

Backup (Backup
RE)

O
N

Linecard

O
N

Linecard

O
N

Linecard

O
N

11

Connectivity
Single management interface
Individual management Ethernet ports on member
switches are tied to a special management VLAN
associated with a Layer 3 virtual management interface
(vme)

Single management IP address


The Virtual Chassis system is managed as a single
network element; therefore, it has only one
management IP address

Single virtual console


Connection to a console on any member switch in a
Virtual Chassis system is redirected to the VC master by
virtual console software running on all member switches

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

12

Software
Software upgrades need be performed only on
the master switch
Software image compatibility check:

Member switches must be running the same software


version as the master to be part of a Virtual Chassis
system

If a version mismatch exists, a syslog message is generated

The master switch performs software compatibility


checks on the JUNOS software version on each member
switch
Switches with different hardware versions or model numbers
can be members of the same Virtual Chassis system

A CLI command is available to upgrade incompatible


switches by downloading the correct image from the
master over the Virtual Chassis cable
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

13

Roles and Responsibilities


Master switch:
Manages all switches participating in the Virtual Chassis
system
Runs JUNOS software in a master role
Runs chassis management processes and control protocols

Backup switch:
Maintains a state of readiness should the master fail
Receives synchronized protocol state and forwarding table
information from master switch
Runs JUNOS software in a backup role

Line card:
The remaining member switches in the Virtual Chassis
system are candidate switches operating as if they are line
cards
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

14

Mastership Election
Mastership determination:
1. Member with the highest user-configured priority
Priority range is 1255, factory-default value is 128

2. Member previously functioning as master prior


to reboot
3. Member with the longest standing uptime
Difference must be greater than 1 minute

4. Member with the lowest MAC address


Used as tie breaker if all is equal through the first 3
determination points
virtual-chassis] mastership priority:
[edit
Configuring
user@switch# show
member 0 {
mastership-priority 255;
}
member 1 {
mastership-priority 254;
} Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
2008 Juniper

15

Mastership Election Considerations


Once the master is elected:
The member that is second in the master election
process becomes the backup switch
If a master or backup fails, one of the line card
switches is elected as the new backup switch
Preemption occurs when a switch with a higher
mastership priority joins the Virtual Chassis
system

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

16

Member ID Assignment
Member ID assignment and considerations:
Master switch typically assumes member ID 0
Master switch assigns unique member IDs (19) to
each member switch
Member IDs are assigned in ascending order based
on the sequence in which member switches were
added to the Virtual Chassis system
Member ID is preserved across reboot within a
Virtual Chassis system
Member ID serves as slot number for interface
naming
Member ID can be manually configured through the
CLI
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

17

Topology Discovery (1 of 3)
VCCP is used to exchange LSA-based
discovery messages
Discovery messages are exchanged between all
PFEs and build member switch topology and PFE
topology maps

Each switch runs shortest-path algorithm for


each PFE
Creates PFE map tables that outline shortest paths
between all PFEs

Source ID egress filter tables prevent


broadcast and multicast packets from looping
Filter tables are built for each PFE
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

18

Topology Discovery (2 of 3)
Example of topology discovery with the SPF
algorithm:
a b c

d e

g h

d
e

Virtual Chas
Backplane

Virtual Chassis Backplane Cables

Physical Virtual Chassis CablingLogical Virtual Chassis Ring To

Note: a, b, c, i are PFEs


2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

19

Topology Discovery (3 of 3)
Example of topology discovery with the SPF
algorithm (contd.):
b

a
c

d
e

PFE as Rooted Reachability SPF Tree

Virtual Chassis Backplane

Logical Virtual Chassis Ring Topology


Note: a, b, c, i are PFEs
2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

PFE gs Rooted Reachability SPF Tree


20

Packet Flow Overview (Interchassis)


Packet flow example:

Packets always take the shortest


path

ge0/0/28

ge0/0/10

Shortest path is determined by hop


count and bandwidth

Packets going from ge-0/0/10 to


ge-3/0/14 pass through member
4 to reach member 3 because 0
to 4 to 3 is only one hop, whereas
0 to 1 to 2 to 3 is two hops
Packets going from ge-0/0/28 to
ge-2/0/47 pass through member
1 to reach member 2 because 0
to 1 to 2 is only one hop, whereas
0 to 4 to 3 to 2 is two hops

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

ge2/0/47

ge3/0/14

21

Operational Monitoring
Key operational commands:

Use show chassis hardware to view installed hardware


and inventory details for Virtual Chassis system
Use show virtual-chassis status to verify status
and role of individual members within the Virtual
Chassis system
Use show virtual-chassis active-topology to view
active topology details within Virtual Chassis system
Use show virtual-chassis vc-port to view VCP
status and associated details
Use show virtual-chassis member-config to view
Virtual Chassis configuration for individual members
Use show virtual-chassis protocol commands to
view interchassis communication details and status

2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

22

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