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Ircuit Reaker Presented by

1) A circuit breaker is a device that breaks an electrical circuit either manually or automatically under normal, full load, or short circuit conditions. 2) When a fault occurs, the trip coil of the circuit breaker is energized, causing the contacts to separate and break the circuit. However, an arc is struck between the separating contacts, maintaining a low resistance current path. Circuit breakers must extinguish this arc quickly. 3) There are several types of circuit breakers including oil, air blast, SF6, and vacuum circuit breakers. SF6 circuit breakers use sulfur hexafluoride gas to absorb electrons from the arc and build insulation strength to extinguish the arc.

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82 views20 pages

Ircuit Reaker Presented by

1) A circuit breaker is a device that breaks an electrical circuit either manually or automatically under normal, full load, or short circuit conditions. 2) When a fault occurs, the trip coil of the circuit breaker is energized, causing the contacts to separate and break the circuit. However, an arc is struck between the separating contacts, maintaining a low resistance current path. Circuit breakers must extinguish this arc quickly. 3) There are several types of circuit breakers including oil, air blast, SF6, and vacuum circuit breakers. SF6 circuit breakers use sulfur hexafluoride gas to absorb electrons from the arc and build insulation strength to extinguish the arc.

Uploaded by

lrpatra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIRCUIT BREAKER

presented by:

M Aamir sohail

khan

&
sufyan saleem

Dept, of electrical
engineering bahaudain
zakariya university Multan ,
Pakistan

Project Advisor:
ENGR. JAHANGIR AKHTAR KHAN

WHAT IS A CIRCUIT BREAKER?


A

circuit breaker is an equipment that


breaks a circuit either manually or
automatically under all conditions at
no load, full load or short circuit.

Operating Principle
Two contacts called electrode
remains closed under normal
operating conditions. When fault
occurs on any part of the system,
the trip coil of the circuit breaker
get energized and contacts are
separated.

Arc Phenomenon
An arc is struck when contacts
are separated. The current is
thus able to continue. Thus the
main duty of a circuit breaker is
to distinguish the arc within the
shortest possible time.

The arc provides the low


resistance path to the current
and the current in the circuit
remains uninterrupted.

The arc resistance depends


upon the following factors.

Degree of ionization

Length of the arc

Cross Section of the arc

Methods of Arc Extinction

High Resistance Method


Low Resistance Method

TYPES OF
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

OIL
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

AIR BLAST
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

SF6
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

VACCUM
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

Breaker Used In 132KV


Grid Station
Oil

Circuit Breaker
Vacuum Circuit breaker
SF6 Circuit Breaker

Bulk Oil Circuit


breaker Air
cushion

Low Oil Circuit Breaker


Consists

parts.

of two

Supporting

Chamber.
Circuit-Breaking
chamber( consist
of fixed and
moving contact)

Disadvantages Of Oil Circuit


Breaker
It

is inflammable and there is a risk of fire.


It may form an explosive mixture with air.
It requires maintenance.
Absorbs moisture, so dielectric strength
reduces.
Oil leakage problem.
Oil has to be replaced after some
operations because of the carbonization of
oil.

Vacuum Circuit Breaker


Vacuum

is used as an arc quenching


medium.
Have greatest insulating strength.
10-7 to 10-5 pressure is to be
maintained.
Used in 11KV panel in control room of
grid station.

Vacuum Circuit Breaker

Advantages
Compact,

reliable and have longer life.


No fire hazards.
No generation of gas during and after
operation.
Can interrupt any fault current.
No noise is produced while operating.
Require less power for control
operation.

SF6 Circuit Breaker


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6) gas is used as an


arc quenching medium.
SF6 is an electro-negative gas.
It has strong tendency to absorb electrons.
When contact are opened in a high pressure
flow of SF6 gas, arc produced.
Free electron in the arc are captured by the
gas.
Which build up enough insulation strength to
extinguish arc.
it is much effective for high power and high
voltages services,

Advantages
Simple

construction, less cost.


SF6 gas is non flammable, non toxic &
chemical inert gas.
Same gas is recirculated in the circuit.
Maintenance free C.B.
Ability to interrupt low and high fault
current.
Excellent Arc extinction.

Advantages Of SF6 Over Oil Circuit


Breakers
Short

arcing time
Can interrupt much larger currents
Gives noiseless operation due to its closed
gas circuit
No moisture problem
No risk of fire
No carbon deposits. So no tracking and
insulation problems
Low maintenance cost

THE END

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