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Front-Wheel-Drive (Transaxle and CV Joint) Fundamentals: © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

The document discusses the key components and operation of front-wheel drive vehicles, including the transaxle, CV joints, manual and automatic transmissions, drive axles and how power flows through the system. It covers advantages of front-wheel drive and details parts such as the differential, gearing and CV joint construction.

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Matthew Smith
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121 views25 pages

Front-Wheel-Drive (Transaxle and CV Joint) Fundamentals: © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

The document discusses the key components and operation of front-wheel drive vehicles, including the transaxle, CV joints, manual and automatic transmissions, drive axles and how power flows through the system. It covers advantages of front-wheel drive and details parts such as the differential, gearing and CV joint construction.

Uploaded by

Matthew Smith
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Front-Wheel-Drive (Transaxle

and CV Joint) Fundamentals


Chapter 77

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Objectives
Describe differences between front- and rearwheel drivetrains
Tell the names of parts of a transaxle
Trace the power flow through four- and fivespeed transaxles

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Introduction
Most automobiles today have front-wheel drive
FWD car has transaxle
Drive axles extend to front wheels out of each
side of transaxle
Each end of the drive axle is a CV joint
Transaxle can be either manual or automatic

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Front-Wheel Drive
Advantages
More efficient drivetrain
Better fuel economy
Combined with MacPherson struts: less
unsprung weight for better handling
Transmission hump is eliminated

A few FWD engines have been mounted


longitudinally
Most transaxles mounted sideways

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Manual Transaxle
Manual transaxles and transmissions
Use same kind of clutch

Three parallel paths for power flow


Input shaft located above intermediate shaft
Input shaft gears directly drive output shaft gears

Differential assembly

Gear shafts
Supported by larger ball, roller, or tapered roller
bearings
End play is controlled by thrust washers
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Shift Linkage
Transverse transaxles
Shifted by cables or shift linkage

Two shift cables or rods


One moves a selector on transaxle
Other moves shift fork back and forth

Advantage
Engine shake is not transmitted back to drivers
hand on shift lever

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Transaxle Differential
Allows wheels to turn at different speeds when
rounding corners
Same as rear-wheel-drive differential

Ordinary helical gearset


Used instead of bevel gears
Power from differential side gears is transmitted
to front drive axles through axle shafts

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Transaxle Power Flow


Five-speed power flow
Fixed gears for first, second, and reverse on
input shaft
Fixed gears for third, fourth, fifth on intermediate
shaft
Power flow leaves transmission intermediate
shaft
Continues through drive pinion to axles

Engine is mounted sideways


Axles run parallel to input shaft
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Automatic Transaxle
Combination of automatic transmission and
differential
Same parts and operation apply

Transverse engine
Power flow is through gears or sprocket and
chain

Chain drive
Allows transaxle to be mounted slightly below
and to the side of the engine

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Front Drive Axles


Difference between rear-wheel drive and frontwheel drive axles
Front-wheel drive axles have CV joints at ends
Axles driven at sharper angles
Allow steering front wheels during power
transmission

Universal joint changes output speed twice in


every revolution when run at an angle
Rear-wheel drive vehicle drive shaft turns very
fast
Positioned before gear reduction of differential
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Axle Shaft Parts


Drive axle is called half shaft or axle shaft
Stub shaft (stub axle)
Short shaft at outside end
Splined to front hub so it can drive front wheels

CV joint classifications
Inboard and outboard
Fixed and plunge
Ball and tripod

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

CV Joint Construction
Most common joint combination
Rzeppa joint for outside fixed joint and a tripod
for inside plunge joint

Fixed joints
Rzeppa joint: ball-and-socket type

Types of plunge joints


Tripod tulip
Double offset plunge joint
Cross groove plunge joint
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Axle Shafts
Characteristics
May be solid or hollow
May have damper weights to absorb vibration
Turn much slower than rear-wheel drive shaft
Balance not as important

When different lengths: long one twists and lags


before puts its torque to the wheel
Torque steer is prevented by longer axle shaft of
larger diameter tubing

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

CV Joint Boots
Boots at each end of axle contain grease
Protect joint from the elements

CV joint boot
Attached to axle and stub shafts with plastic or
steel bands or straps
Made of natural rubber, neoprene, silicone, or
urethane

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

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