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Design of Balanced Cantilever Bridge

The document describes the design of a balanced cantilever bridge. It discusses the advantages of this type of bridge and provides details on the arrangement of supports, railing post design, slab design, load calculations, moment calculations, and girder profile design.

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Morsed Al Mamun
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2K views32 pages

Design of Balanced Cantilever Bridge

The document describes the design of a balanced cantilever bridge. It discusses the advantages of this type of bridge and provides details on the arrangement of supports, railing post design, slab design, load calculations, moment calculations, and girder profile design.

Uploaded by

Morsed Al Mamun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

DESIGN OF A BALANCED CALNTILEVER BRIDGE

Advantage of Balanced Cantilever Bridge:


1. Advantage of continuity
2.Reduction in moments
3.Not affected by settlement of supports
Arrangement of Support:
L/2 L/4

x+2y

L/4

L/2

X/Y=4 to 5

L/4

x+2y

L/4 L/2

Railing Post Design:


If we design this railing post, as a
cantilever beam or as a column,
then the required reinforcement is
too small.

100*5=500lb
150*5=750lb

1.5ft
300*5=1500lb

As per ACI code:


-Least size of the post= 5x5
-Longitudinal bar=4 #5(12mm) dia bar at four corners
-Tie bars = #3(10mm) dia bar @ 10 c/c
As per RHD suggestion:
- Size of the post= 8x8
-Longitudinal bar=4 nos 1 (25 mm) dia bar at four corners
-Tie bars = #3(10mm) dia bar @ 10 c/c

1.5ft

Slab design:
t

6
6

6.25
14

Clear Span= 6.25-14/12=5.083

Specification:
-Length of Bridge=285.75 ft
-Width of girder =14
-c/c spacing of girder = 6.25 ft
-Clear span= 6.25-14/12=5.083
- Effective span, S = 5.083- 2(1/3*6/12)=4.75 ft
A. Load calculation:
a) Dead load= Self wt. Of slab + wearing course
= 6.5/12*150 + 3/12*120=111.2 Plf
Assume slab thickness=6.5
b) Live Load= H20 S16

B. Moment calculation:
a) Dead load Moment= W *S2/10=
=

#-ft

b) Live Load Moment = 0.8*(S+2)/32*P20=


Due to Continuous support, 0.8
(Reinforcement perpendicular to the traffic)
c) Impact factor = 50/(S+125) 0.3
=50/(4.75+125)=0.38
Use I.F.=0.3

#-ft

Moment chart:
DLM
251

LLM
2700

IM
810

C. Depth Calculation:
Required Deth, d req=
t req = 4.2

M/Rb = 4.2

+1 +0.5*(6/8) = 5.58

Check with provided thickness, tpro > t req

Total
3761

D. Steel Calculation:
1. Main Steel perpendicular to traffic, As= M/fs*j*d
=
/ fs*j*d
= 0.414 in2
Use 6/8 bar @ 11 c/c
Here, d= tpro -1 - 0.5*(6/8)
2. Distribution Steel (Parallel to traffic) :
220
Percentage=

67%
S
= 220/ 4.75 =100.9% >67%
So, Distribution steel=0.67*As=0.67*0.414=0.277 in2
Use 5/8 bar @ 11 c/c

Calculation of Girder Profile:


y2=c1*x
100.91

101.11

1% Gradient
101.43

100

d/2

y2=c2*x

94.8

L/2
56.15

d/2

L/4
28.575

90.71

y2=c3*x

96.23

L
114.3

L/4
28.575

285.75
142.875

d= L/10 to L/12 Using, davg=L/11=114.3/11=10.4

L/2
56.15

A. For parabola (Upper Portion) :


1% Gradient
y2=c1*x
100.91

101.43

101.11

100

d/2

y2=c2*x

d/2

94.8

L/2
56.15

L/4
28.575

90.71

y2=c1x,

L
114.3

L/4
28.575

Here,

c1=x/y2

y=101.42875-100=1.42875

=1.432/142.875
=0.0142875

y2=c3*x

96.23

x=142.875
For
x=57.15,

y=0.904

x=85.725,

y=1.1067

x=142.875,

y=1.42875

L/2

B. For parabola (Lower portion) :


1% Gradient
y2=c1*x
100.91

101.11

101.43

100

d/2

y2=c2*x

94.8

L/2
56.15

d/2

L/4
28.575

90.71

y2=c2x, c2=y2/x
=4.092/85.725

y2=c3*x

96.23

L
114.3

Here, y=94.8-90.71=4.09
x=57.15+28.575=85.725

=0.1951
For,
x=28.575,

L/4
28.575

y=2.36

L/2

C. For parabola (lower portion at mid span) :


y2=c1*x
100.91

1% Gradient
101.43

101.11

100

d/2

y2=c2*x

d/2

94.8

L/2
56.15

L/4
28.575

90.71

y2=c3*x

96.23

L
114.3

y2=c3x,

Here,

c3=y2/x

y=96.23-90.71=5.52

=5.522/57.15
=0.533

L/4
28.575

x=114.3/2=57.15

For,
x=57.15,

y=5.52

L/2

Interior Girder of Suspended Span :

100

100.64

100.91

5.2
94.4

7.84
94.05

57.15

93.07

Dead load Calculation:


1. UDL:
Slab= (6.5/12)*6.25*0.15=0.508 k/ft
Wearing course= (3/12)*6.25*0.15=0.156 k/ft
Fillet= 2*(1/2)*(6*6)/144)*0.15=0.0.038 k/ft
Girder= (14/12)*5.2*0.15=0.9748 k/ft
Total= 1.677 k/ft

47.92 k

1.677 k/ft

47.92 k
57.15

5.2

14

2. Upper Parabolic Dead Load (UPDL):

Girder= 0.91*(14/12)*0.15=0.159 k /ft

0.159 k/ft

() ab=2.27k

57.15

(5/12 )ab=3.79k

3. Lower Parabolic Dead Load (LPDL):

Girder= 1.73*(14/12)*0.15=0.3028 k /ft

0.3028 k/ft

(1/12) ab=1.442k

57.15

(1/4) ab=4.326k

34

4. Concentrated Load (CL):

100.91

100.64
100

5.2

P1

98.4
10

P3

4.7

6.09

6
94.05

3.92

P2

7.84

2
3.92

10

93.07

57.15
P1= [4.7*(10/12)+0.5*(6*6)/144]*6.25*0.15=3.789k
P2= [3.92*(34/12)+3.42*(10/12)+0.5*(6*6)/144]*6.25*0.15=13.20k
P3= [6.09*(10/12)+2*0.5*(6*6)/144]*6.25*0.15=4.875k

P1=3.789k

P3=4.875k

P2=13.20k

P1+P3/2= 6.22k

P2+P3/2= 15.64k

28.575
57.15

Shear & BM due to dead load (at a distance x from left support)
Load
UDL

Shear
47.92-1.677x

UPDL

x1.5
2.27
71.32

LPDL

x3
1.442
129436.82

Conc.DL

2.44

BM
x2
47.92 x 1.667
2

x 2.5
2.27 x
190.187
x4
1.442 x
129436.82

2.44 x, for x 28.575'


2.44 * (57.15 x) for x 28575'

Live Load:
Effective live load = H20 S16

Load factor,
S/5

for

S/5.5

for Smax=14

S/7

Smax=10

for Smax=16

Where, S= c/c spacing of girder

So, Load factor=6.25/5=1.25

H20 S16 loading,

Design of Interior Girder:


Suspended span

Live Load:
Effective Live Load = H20 S16
Load factor,
S/5 for Smax=10
S/5.5 for Smax=14
S/7 for Smax=16
Where, S= c/c spacing of girder
Load factor = 6.25/5=1.25
H20 S16 Loading---

4k

16 k

16 k

14

Modified Loading---

14~30

5k

20 k

20 k

14

14~30

Live Load Shear Calculation:


It is proved that maximum shear occur when wheel 2
is placed in the section
L2/L
1

57.15

L1

3
14 14
L1/L

L2

General equation for LL shear:


Vx=

L2
L* L2

[20L2+20(L2-14)]-

L1
L* L1

[5(L1-14)]

Vx=

L2
L* L2

[20L2+20(L2-14)]-

L1
L* L1

[5(L1-14)]

At L1=0, L2=57.5, V0.0L=V0


57.5
V0.0L =

K
[20*57.5+20(57.15-14)]
-0
=
35.10
57.5* 57.5

At L1=5.715, L2=57.5-5.715, V0.1L=V5.715


51.435
V0.1L = 57.15*51.435 [20*51.435+20 (51.435-14)]5.715
5.715*57.15

[5(5.715-14)]=31.10 k

=0
Here L1<14, [ ] comes -ve value
Impact factor (I.F.) = 50/(125+S)= 50/ (125+57.15)=0.275<0.3

I.F.=0.275

Design Shear Chart:


Span

0.0L
=0
UDL
47.92
UPDL 2.27
LPDL 1.44
Conc. 2.44
DL
Total 54.07
DL
2
LL
35.10
Shear
Impac 9.65
t
Shear
Desig 98.82
n
Shear

0.1L

0.2L

0.3L

0.4L

0.5L

0.6L

0.7L

0.8L

0.9L

0
0.128
0.721
-2.44

1.0L
=57.15
-47.920
-3.788
-4.326
-2.44

-12.373

-58.474

-18.33

-35.1

-5.041

-9.653

-35.744

-103.227

Live Moment Moment Calculation:


It is provided that maximum moment occur when wheel 2
is placed in the section.
ab/L
5k
1 14
a

20 k
2

20 k
14 3
b

General Equation for Live Load Moment (LLM)

ab
ab
Mx
[20b 20(b 14)]
[5(a 14)]
Lb
La

M 0.0 L M 0 0
0.1L
M 0.1L M 5.715
[20 * 0.9 L 20 * (0.9 L 14)] 0
L
a 14, hence ()ve, so this portion is 0
a=5.715, b=51.44
Moment of all other section will be determined in same way.

Design Moment Chart:

100.90
4
100.57 100.63 100.69 100.75100.80100.85
6
7 0.0L
100.492
0.7L 8
0.8L 0.9L
60.5L 9
0.6L
100.40
0.4L
5

100.28
0.3L

100

4
0.2L

0.1L
6

0.0L

5.2

5.625 5.898 6.127 6.36 6.594 6.82 7.059 7.304 7.56 7.83

Steel Calculation:
Maximum Moment at 0.5L=1429.225 k-ft
M1=Rbd2=213.108*14*73.1282*1/12000=1329.57 k-ft
t=79.128, d=79.128-6=73.128
75
6.5

14

Effect flange width:


1)
2)
3)

As= M/fs(d-t/2)

Check T beam
Design beam.

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