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Introduction To The New Eurocodes

The document provides an introduction to the design of structural steelwork according to the Eurocodes. It discusses the background and structure of the Eurocodes, the scope of the course, the limit state design approach, characteristic and design values, partial safety factors, variability of actions and material properties, and the ultimate and serviceability limit states.

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48 views12 pages

Introduction To The New Eurocodes

The document provides an introduction to the design of structural steelwork according to the Eurocodes. It discusses the background and structure of the Eurocodes, the scope of the course, the limit state design approach, characteristic and design values, partial safety factors, variability of actions and material properties, and the ultimate and serviceability limit states.

Uploaded by

kattaz
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

1

Introduction to the design of structural


steelwork in accordance with the new
Eurocodes

Introduction to the new Eurocodes


2

Background

 9 Structural Eurocodes developed for CEN.

 3 are directly relevant to steelwork:


EC1 - Actions (loads).
EC3 - Steelwork.
EC4 - Composite Construction.

 Intended to harmonise design requirements.

 Scheduled for completion around 2001.


3

Structure of ECs

 ECs are published in parts, divided into:


 Chapters and Appendices
– Sections {N.n}
– Clauses {N.n.n} and subclauses {N.n.n.n}
– Paragraphs {N.n.n.n.(p)}

 Distinction is made between:


 Principles which must be obeyed.
 Application rules which follow the principles but
alternative methods are allowed.
4

Scope of this course

 For buildings only some parts are relevant:

 EC1 Actions on structures:


– Part 1.1 Basis of design.
– Part 2.1 Densities, self-weight and imposed
loads.
– Part 2.2 Actions on structures exposed to fire.
– Part 2.3 Snow loads.
– Part 2.4 Wind loads.

 EC3 Design of steel structures:


– Part 1.1 - General Rules and rules for buildings.
– Part 1.2 - Fire resistance.
5

Design approach of ECs

 Based on limit state design:

 Principal limit states:


 Ultimate limit state, concerned with ‘collapse’;
– yielding.
– Buckling.
– Overturning.

 Serviceability limit state, concerned with ‘function’:


– Deflection.
– Vibration.
6

Limit state design principles

 Define relevant limit states.

 Determine appropriate actions.

Analyse using appropriate methods and accounting for


variability to determine:
 Design effects {E}.
 Design resistance {R}.

 Ensure no limit state is exceeded {R > E}.


7

Characteristic and design values

 Characteristic values for data are ‘typical’ rather than


‘safe’.

Design values should be used to check limit state


condition {E < R}.

 Partial safety factors are applied to characteristic values


to obtain design values.

Suffices k and d are used to signify characteristic and


design values respectively.
8

Partial safety factors

Partial safety factors g are applied to characteristic


values for both actions and material to account for
variability.

 The value of g depends on:


 The limit state under consideration.
 The variable to which it is applied.
 The context - eg. is an action beneficial in relation
to the considered effect.
9

Variability of actions

 Precision of modelling actions varies:


 Dead loads related to material density and
thickness.
 Imposed loads based on type of occupancy.
 Wind and snow loads based on meteorological
data.

 Probability of load combinations varies.

 Values of partial safety factors reflect these differences.


10

Variability of material and section


properties

Resistance is related principally to material and


section geometry.

 Yield strength of steel is guaranteed.

 Other properties, notably Youngs modulus, are much


less variable.

Variations in section geometry are accounted for by


partial safety factors used elsewhere.
11

Ultimate Limit State

 The following conditions should be considered:


 Stability: overturning (equilibrium).
 Strength: including local and overall buckling
effects where appropriate.

 It may also be necessary to consider:


 Second order effects.
 Rupture (due to fatigue).
12

Serviceability Limit State

 The following conditions may need to be considered:


 Excessive deflections.
 Excessive vibrations.

 Both conditions are associated with stiffness rather


than strength.

 For most buildings, controlling deflections will also limit


vibrations.

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