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Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) : Guided By: Presented BY

This document provides an overview of graphics processing units (GPUs). It defines a GPU as a specialized microprocessor that accelerates 3D and 2D graphics. GPUs are used to accelerate 3D graphics rendering, decode media formats, apply textures to polygons, and speed up rendering through parallel processing compared to CPUs. The first popular GPU was released by Nvidia in 1999. Modern GPUs have their own video memory and consist of components like the graphics processing unit, video memory, video BIOS, and outputs to connect to displays. Integrated GPUs share system memory while dedicated GPUs have their own memory. GPUs are used to power gaming, graphics design, and enhance the visual experience of movies and displays.

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101 views22 pages

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) : Guided By: Presented BY

This document provides an overview of graphics processing units (GPUs). It defines a GPU as a specialized microprocessor that accelerates 3D and 2D graphics. GPUs are used to accelerate 3D graphics rendering, decode media formats, apply textures to polygons, and speed up rendering through parallel processing compared to CPUs. The first popular GPU was released by Nvidia in 1999. Modern GPUs have their own video memory and consist of components like the graphics processing unit, video memory, video BIOS, and outputs to connect to displays. Integrated GPUs share system memory while dedicated GPUs have their own memory. GPUs are used to power gaming, graphics design, and enhance the visual experience of movies and displays.

Uploaded by

bivekananda patra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT

(GPU)

GUIDED BY :
Mr. ASHWANI KR. PANDEY
B.TECH, M.TECH
Associate Professor

PRESENTED BY :
SAURABH KUMAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS

What is GPU??
A GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT or GPU is a
specialized microprocessor accelerates 3D
or 2D graphics.
Used in embedded systems, mobile
phones, personal computers, workstations
and game consoles.

GPUs: What are they DO?


Accelerate 3D
Graphics
Draws polygons
(shapes)

Decode Media
Formats
Smooth
media
experience

Applies
Textures

Maps high resolution


Images to 3D polygons

Speed Up Rendering
They are massively
parallel compared to
CPUs, speeding up a
number of tasks

When was GPU discovered?


GPU was and popularized In 1999 by
NVidia marketed the GeForce 256 as the world's
first Graphics Processing Unit.

A single-chip processor with integrated transform,


lighting, and delivering engines that is capable of
processing a minimum of 10 million polygons per
second.

OpenGL and DirectX become popular in 90s

THE BASIC IDEA ACCELERATED


COMPUTING

BLOCK DIAGRAME OF GPU


Graphic
s
Processi
ng Unit

RAMDAC

Video
memory

A modern
video card
consists of
aPrinted
circuit
boardon
which the
components
are
mounted.

Heat
Sink

Video
BIOS

Structural Diagram

Components of Graphics
1. Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)
3. Video Memory
2. Video Bios
4. RAMDAC
5. Motherboard Interface
6. Cooling Devices
7. Outputs

Graphics Processing Unit


A GPU is dedicated graphics processor
optimized for floating point calculations
which are fundamentals to 3D graphics
rendering.

Video Memory :
An IGP uses RAM of main memory, while
Graphics card has its own memory called as
Graphics memory or video memory.

The memory capacity of most modern video


card ranges from 1 GB to 10 GB. Since video
memory needs to be accessed by GPU

Now there are improved graphics card with


better memory and better clock rate (speed)
are available whose speed ranges from
400MHz to 5 GHz.

vRAM Types :
TYPES

BANDWIDTH
(GB/S)

DDR

1.2-30.4

DDR2

8.5-16

GDDR3

5.6-156.6

DDR3

128-200

DRR5

130-230

Video Bios :

The VIDEO BIOS or


FIRMWARE contains
basic programs that
governs graphics card
operations and provides
the instructions so that
computer hardware and
software can interact
with card.
It contains information
on memory timing,
voltage of graphics
processor and RAM,
operating speed and
other information.

Motherboard Interface :
It is the connection
system which connects
graphics card with
motherboard system.
Although there AGP and
PCI-Express slot are most
widely used connection
system.

Cooling Devices:

Graphics card uses lot of


electricity which is converted
into heat. If heat isnt
dissipated then card could get
overheated and get damaged.
Cooling devices are
incorporated to transfer heat
elsewhere.

AGP
Slot

PCI
Slots

RAMDAC :

RAMDAC is Random access


Memory Digital To Analog Convertor
which converts digital signal to analog
signal for use by computer display
which uses analog input such as CRT
display.

Outputs:
These are the connection system which connects
graphics card with display.
VGA : CRT displays.
Also called as VGA
connector.
S-Video : Used in older
TVs
DVI: Designed for flat
panel screens such as
plasma, LCD display,
HDTV, video projectors
etc.

Integrated Graphics
Card
1. An integrated graphics processing unit (GPU) doesn't
use its own RAM.

Benefits:
It is cheaper, which in turn means a less expensive
computer.
Generates much less heat than a dedicated video card and
uses less power.
Perfect for people doing everyday graphics processing.

Dedicated Graphics Card


1. GPU has its own independent source of video memory.
2. Dedicated cards are perfect if you are into serious gaming
or are a professional graphic designer.

Drawbacks:
1.

If you don't have the appropriate design or a good fan, these


video cards will get warm.
2. Using a laptop with dedicated graphics card will decrease the
battery life.
3. You should also expect to pay more for this kind of card.

GPU Vendors
AMD
Radeon

nVIDIA
GeForce

Intel

(CPU Graphics)

Latest Products
GTX Titan X
1.4 GHz GPU Clock Speed
250 W Power Supply
Required
NVIDIA 3D Vision Support
5120 x 3200 Maximum
Digital Resolution
12 GB GDDR5 Memory

Applications
A graphics card is required for better gaming
experience and better display.
Graphics card is a hardware that enhances the
visual as well as overall performance of your
computer system.
It increases the accuracy of the colour
reproduction on screen.
To creating Animations and 3D images.
It enhances your movie viewing experience.

IN FUTURE

Integrated Graphics
Chipsets are
Improving

Tablets Cannibalize
PCs

Dedicated Graphics Cards Are Moving


to Higher End Systems

Thank You.

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