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Spotter Training

This document discusses the importance of spotters and their role in construction site safety. It notes that being struck by or caught in equipment are leading causes of injuries and fatalities. A spotter's job is to direct equipment operators who have limited visibility. Proper spotting requires clear communication between the spotter and operator, with the spotter using standard hand signals to guide movement. Spotters must remain alert, keep a safe distance, and stop equipment movement if visibility is compromised to prevent accidents and ensure worker safety.

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Darby Morgan
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3K views42 pages

Spotter Training

This document discusses the importance of spotters and their role in construction site safety. It notes that being struck by or caught in equipment are leading causes of injuries and fatalities. A spotter's job is to direct equipment operators who have limited visibility. Proper spotting requires clear communication between the spotter and operator, with the spotter using standard hand signals to guide movement. Spotters must remain alert, keep a safe distance, and stop equipment movement if visibility is compromised to prevent accidents and ensure worker safety.

Uploaded by

Darby Morgan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A spotter is someone trained to look.

A spotter is necessary when the


driver/operator does not have a full view of
the working area and need someone to
direct him/her.
Not only if is there the possibility of injuring
someone, but of causing property damage

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

Source: OSHA Fatality/Catastrophe Reports, complied by


OSHA Office of Electrical/Electronic and
Mechanical Engineering Safety Standards.

BEING STRUCK BY, OR CAUGHT IN- BETWEEN,


ARE TWO OF THE LEADING CAUSE OF INJURIES
AND FATALITIES ON CONSTRUCTION SITES!

STRUCK BY (22%)

CAUGHT IN-BETWEEN (18%)

Heavy Equipment is an essential part of


most industry around the world. However,
statistics indicate that they also present a
very significant hazard to people occupying
the same workspace, since injuries can be
severe or fatal as equipment is heavy and
powerful.

Blind spots
Rotating machinery
Swing radius
Travel Path
Approaching the machinery before
acknowledging the operator
Non-essential workers on the area
Struck by overhead loads falling
IF YOU CAN TOUCH THE MACHINERY
YOU ARE TOO CLOSE!!!

Learn to know
the
Danger-ZONE
THE SHADED AREA SURROUNDING EACH
VEHICLE REPRESENTS THE DANGER ZONE IN
WHICH THE VEHICLE OPERATORS VIEW OF
PEDESTRAN TRAFFIC IS GREATLY REDUCED OR
OBSCURRED ALTOGETHER.

ye level 10 ft - 0 in above
ground level

34 0
36 4

68 0

95 0

Manlif

ye level 7 ft - 0 in above
ground level

Area of fully
obstructed view

25 5
17 8

15 9
10 0
3 0

16 4

27 2

Hydraulic Crane

ye level 7 ft - 7 in above
ground level

8 4

29 1
9 1

7 7
18 5

Backhoe

ye level 6 ft - 3 in above
ground level

16 0

8 2

8 2
3 10
12 5

12 1
18 7

Bulldoze

ye level 10 ft - 0 in above
ground level
2811

14 8

16 2
14 3

21 11

14 10

Front End Loader

ye level 5 ft - 5 in above
ground level

11 7

11 5

21 8
4 10

6 1
3 1

6 3

Bobcat/Skid Stee

ye level 7 ft - 3 in above
ground level

85 0
18 2

10 9

7 9

3 0
39 0

21 2

14 10

High Reach
RT Fork Lift

Eye level 6 ft above


ground level

8 6

3 1

3 8

5 7

3 Ton Forklif

ye level 8 ft - 8 in above
ground level
13 7

13 0
6 4

9 2

7 0
10 7
12 2

10 Ton Forkli

ye level 8 ft - 9 in above
ground level

26 8

15 5
4 8
4 5
13 6
8 8

14 1

17 Ton Forkli

Eye level 6 ft - 10 in above


ground level

Area of fully
obstructed view

27 1
6 5

42 8
40 6
36 8

Semi-Truck & Traile

ye level 8 ft - 0 in above
ground level

Area of fully
obstructed view

13 2
13 3

3 4
8 10
8 0

Refuse Truck

ye level 8 ft - 0 in above
ground level

Area of fully
obstructed view
(more than 300 ft

Area of fully
obstructed view
from Eductor Hose
29 0
(more than 100 ft)
24 0

37 4

8 7

31 0
24 6
41 0

HiVac Truck

Make sure no one enters the danger zone while


the machinery is in operation, the danger zone
is the area around the equipment/vehicle
where the operator dont have a full visibility
during normal operation. Stay at least ten feet
away from all sides of the Machinery
Front
Both Sides (left, right) Yes, the right rear side is one of the most dangerous
Back Yes, behind the machinery is also one of the most dangerous
Up and Bottom

If youre working near moving vehicles or


equipment, what are the most important safety
points to remember?
1. Stay alert at all times.
2. Dont distract yourself.
3. Keep a safe distance.
4. Keep off the equipment unless authorized.
5. Watch out for shifting or unstable loads.
6. Wear a bright orange vest if you are working
near moving vehicles or heavy equipment.
7. Wear reflectorize clothing at night.

There is the important rule for drivers and


operators:
"Don't back up or move a heavy
equipment unless you have a spotter
directing your movement."

It's an easy rule to remember.


The important thing is to obey it.

When:
backing a vehicle or machinery
entering or moving a vehicle or
machinery in a congested area
poor visibility
close proximity
Pedestrians/coworkers or other contractors
on the surroundings
lateral, overhead, or other obstructions

This person has to watch out for others as


well as for himself (keeping enough
distance in between spotter and equipment
moving), and make sure the vehicle doesn't
damage property.
It may appear as an easy task. But there are
a lot of dangers involved.

SPOTTERS AND DRIVERS/OPERATOR MUST


WORKTOGETHER
The operator will discuss the positioning,
backing, movement and plan with the
spotter before proceeding.
The operator shall stop the vehicle
immediately prior to losing sight or losing
sight of the spotter.

In order to give you an unobstructed view of


the entire movement, when directing the
driver/operator, stand at the driver's side.
It's important that the driver understands
your signals, so get together with the driver
before any movement and explain the
signals you will use.
allow for sufficient stopping
distance and clearance

Always be sure to use the same signals for


the same moves (avoid misunderstandings)
Hand signals are much better than
vocal signals. Because of noise, a
shouted signal may not be heard
or may be misunderstood.
If the driver is unclear at any point
about the spotters signals, the
vehicle should be stopped immediately.
Never assume what the spotter is signaling,
if there is any doubt

STRAIGHT BACKWARD OR FORWARD To move the vehicle


in a straight line either forward or backward.

TURN To move the vehicle either to the right or left while


the vehicle is moving

DISTANCE TO STOPPING POINT To provide the driver a


visual reference for the distance to the stop point.

CLEARED TO LEAVE THE AREA To show the driver the


vehicle is clear of obstructions and is cleared to leave in the
direction indicated.

STOP Stop all movement of the vehicle, await further


instructions.

When spotting, concentrate on spotting


The task at hand.
Maintain eye contact with the
driver/operator, even if you have to change
position frequently.
If the spotter needs to stop spotting
momentarily for any reason, first make sure
that the driver/operator stops the
equipment.

If you or someone else have to pass behind


a vehicle or equipment:
1. stop the vehicle or equipment first.
2. As you're passing behind it, extend your hand at
arm's length and place it against the back of the
vehicle/equipment. Then if the
vehicle/equipment starts to move, you'll be
able to feel the movement and get out of the
way.

In addition to standing well to the driver's


side of the vehicle/equipment, wear a
fluorescent vest.
In the dark, don't blind the driver by shining
your flashlight in the rearview mirror.

Day or night, avoid walking backward. If you


have to, when walking backwards, be
careful not to trip (check the path).

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