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Antacids

This document provides information about antacids. It discusses how antacids work by neutralizing excess stomach acid through chemical reactions with hydrochloric acid. Common antacid components that are mentioned include calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, aluminium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide. Side effects like diarrhea or constipation are explained in relation to the different components. The document also outlines how to prepare and standardize solutions needed to test antacids and determine their acid-neutralizing effects.

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Shubham Kumar
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241 views15 pages

Antacids

This document provides information about antacids. It discusses how antacids work by neutralizing excess stomach acid through chemical reactions with hydrochloric acid. Common antacid components that are mentioned include calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, aluminium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide. Side effects like diarrhea or constipation are explained in relation to the different components. The document also outlines how to prepare and standardize solutions needed to test antacids and determine their acid-neutralizing effects.

Uploaded by

Shubham Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ID

Antacid
Our

stomach produce dilute


hydrochloric acid (HCL) helps in
digestion to our food without harming the
stomach ,Sometimes the excess of acid is
produced in the stomach which cannot
treat with the dilute hydrochloric acid
(HCL)that will harm us in the stomach, to
prevent from acidity we the bases called
as Antacid.
Antacid reversibly reduce or block the
secretion of acid by gastric cells to reduce
acidity in the stomach.

About Antacid
Chemical substances which remove the excess acid
and raise the pH to an appropriate level in
stomach are called Antacid.
Acid gastric is a very common aliment associated
with digestion and is caused by an excess of
Hydrochloric Acid(HCl) in the gastric juice. The
commonly used Antacids are;
Magnesium Hydroxide.
Magnesium Carbonate.
Magnesium Trisilicate.
Aluminium Hydroxide gel.
Sodium Bicarbonate.
Aluminium Phosphate.

Components of Antacid
Antacids

are weak bases that are used to


neutralize excess stomach acid
Most antacids are weak inorganic bases
Common examples include:

CaCO3 (CALCIUM CARBONATE )


NaHCO3 (SODIUM BICARBONATE )
Al(OH)3 (ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE)
Mg(OH)2 (MAGNESIUM
HYDROXIDE )
MgO and Mg(OH)2 (Milk of
Magnesia)

Indications when we take Antacid


When

heart burn is there then we take Antacid


to reduce the heartburn.
Treatment with antacids alone is symptomatic
and only justified for minor symptoms.
The utility of many combinations of antacids is
not clear, although the combination of
magnesium and aluminium salts may prevent
alteration of bowel habits.
A typical feeling of restlessness.
Indigestion.
Feeling of nausea (wanting to throw up) and
actual vomiting.

Causes Of Excessive Release


Of Acids In The Stomach

Alcohol Consumption.
Eating Certain Foods.
Smoking.
Certain Drugs i.e. Aspirin.
Stress.

Reaction of Antacid
Antacids

react with HCl in the

stomach
Some common antacid reactions
include:

CaCO3 + 2 HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2


NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2
Al(OH)3 + 3 HCl AlCl3 + 3 H2O
Mg(OH)2 + 2 HCl MgCl2 + 2 H2O
MgO + 2 HCl MgCl2 + H2O

Uses of Antacid
It

bring down the percentage of Acidity


in our Stomach and prevent mucus
lining in the stomach.
It prevent from HEART BURN (acid
from stomach rising into esophagus)
that can to our stomach lining.
It also prevent from the ULCER(damage
to lining of stomach wall, resulting in
loss of tissues and inflammation).

Side Effect Of Antacid


Magnesium

Compounds may cause diarrhea


Aluminum Compounds may cause constipation
and they also may interfere with the adsorption of
phosphates in the formation of bones. This is more
likely to be true if they are taken for an extended
period of time
Carbonates may generate carbon dioxide leading to

bloating and flatulence.


Calcium

compounds containing may also


increase calcium output in the urine, which might
be associated with kidney stones.
Sodium : Increased intake of sodium may be
deleterious for arterial hypertension, heart
failure and many renal diseases.

Some Other Its Side Effects


Side

effects from antacids vary depending on


individual and other medications they may be
taking at the time. Those who experience side
effects most commonly suffer from changes in
bowel functions, such as diarrhea, constipation, or
flatulence.
Other more serious side effects, such as stomach or
intestinal; bleeding, can be more difficult to
recognize.
Although reactions to any drug may vary from
person to person, generally those medications that
contain aluminum or calcium are the likeliest to
cause constipation, those that contain magnesium
are the likeliest to cause diarrhea.

Who Cannot Take Antacid


Patient with kidney failure or heart burn diseases
Sodium Bicarbonate has high Sodium content and is
not appropriate for people who are on salt restricted
diet or have congestive heart failure high blood
pressure or kidney problem .In pregnant if a lady is
pregnant Antacid are Safetous for heart burn
symptoms but do not use Antacid that have Sodium
Bicarbonate. They can cause build cup during
pregnancy it is okay to use Antacid that have
Calcium carbonate problem with liver and kidney
failure. If you have a problem with kidney and liver
you should be careful with using Antacid . If your
kidney are not working correctly .it is possible that
too much of the drug will build up in our body.

Preparation To Form The Antacid

Prepare 1litre of approximately HCl solution by diluting 10 ml of the


concentrated acid for one litre.

Similarly, make 1 litre of approximately NaOH solution by


dissolving4.0g of NaOH to prepare one litre of solution.

Prepare Na2CO3 solution by weighing exactly 1.325 g of anhydrous


sodium carbonate and then dissolving it in water to prepare exactly
0.25 litres (250 ml) of solution.

Standardize the HCl solution by titrating it against the standard


Na2CO3 solution using methyl orange as indicator.

Similarly, standardize NaOH solution by titrating it against


standardized HCl solution using phenolphthalein as indicator.

Powder the various samples of antacid tablets and weigh 1.0 g of


each.

Add a specific volume of standardised HCl to each of the weighed


sample is taken in conical flasks. The acid should be in slight excess,
so that it can neutralize all the alkaline component of the tablet.

Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein and warm the flask till most of


powder dissolves. Filter off the insoluble material.

Requirement TO Form
The
Antacid
Burettes, pipettes, titration flasks, measuring
flasks, beakers, weight box, fractional weights,
sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, hydrochloric
acid, phenolphthalein.

Antacid are Available As


Requirement
Capsules.
Tablets.
Powder.
Chewable

Tablet.
Suspension.

Lets Have Some


Questions Regarding
1.Name
any two Components of Antacid?
Antacid
Ans. CaCO NaHCO Al(OH) Mg(OH)
3,

3,

3,

2,

MgO Or

Mg(OH)2 .
2.Which lining is prevent by Antacid in our
Stomach?
Ans. Mucus Lining .
3.Which Compound of Antacid which cause the
diarrhea?
Ans. Magnesium Compounds.
4.Name any 2 types of Antacid are Available
according to requirement?
Ans. Capsules, Tablets, Powder, Chewable
Tablet, Suspension.

U
O
Y
K
N
A
H
T

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