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Quantum Tunneling AND Tunnel Diodes

This document discusses quantum tunneling and tunnel diodes. It begins with an introduction to quantum physics and how quantum mechanics explains quantum tunneling. Quantum tunneling allows particles to pass through barriers even when their energy is less than the barrier height. This quantum effect is key to the functioning of tunnel diodes. The document then explains band-to-band tunneling in a tunnel diode, where carriers are able to tunnel between the overlapping conduction and valence bands in the heavily doped pn junction. In summary, it connects quantum tunneling principles to the operation of tunnel diodes.

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Brahmanand Singh
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65 views10 pages

Quantum Tunneling AND Tunnel Diodes

This document discusses quantum tunneling and tunnel diodes. It begins with an introduction to quantum physics and how quantum mechanics explains quantum tunneling. Quantum tunneling allows particles to pass through barriers even when their energy is less than the barrier height. This quantum effect is key to the functioning of tunnel diodes. The document then explains band-to-band tunneling in a tunnel diode, where carriers are able to tunnel between the overlapping conduction and valence bands in the heavily doped pn junction. In summary, it connects quantum tunneling principles to the operation of tunnel diodes.

Uploaded by

Brahmanand Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QUANTUM TUNNELING

AND
TUNNEL DIODES

Presented by
BRAHMANAND SINGH
M.TECH(COMM. ENGG.)
DEPT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMM.
MMMUT, GORAKHPUR

CONTENTS

Introduction
Literature review
Objectives
Simulated results of previously reported
paper
Conclusion
References

INRODUCTION

What is Quantum Physics?


What is the need of the Quantum
Physics?
How did the Quantum Physics emerged?
Implications of the Quantum Physics?
How does the Quantum Mechanics
explain the Quantum Mechanical
Tunneling?
How does Quantum Mechanical Tunneling
helps in in functioning of the Tunnel
Diode?

What is Quantum Physics?

The main effort of science is to describe


what happens in the nature.
Physical Models

Classical Mechanics Models


Band Theory Model

Quantum Mechanics Models


Wave Theory Model

Classical Physical Models

Sir Joseph Thomson Plum Pudding Model


Ernest Rutherford Alpha Scattering Model
Alpha Scattering model proved that the electrons
are particles which are present in the energy
shells and the protons is concentrated at the
center.
It was proved by the Atomic Spectral lines

Lyman series( n= 1 )
Balmar series( n= 2 )
Paschen series( n= 3 )
Brackett series( n= 4 )
Pfund Series( n= 5 )

Rydberg constant (1.097373107m1)


n: Higher energy level
n : Lower Energy level
Z : Atomic number
Energy of shell
E= - (13.6)/ n^2

What is Quantum
Tunneling?
At the quantum level, matter has wave-like
properties
Tunneling can only be explained by the wave nature
of matter as described by quantum mechanics
Classically, when a particle is incident on a barrier
of greater energy than the particle, reflection occurs
When described as a wave, the particle has a
probability of existing within the barrier region, and
even on the other side of it

Band-to-Band Tunneling in a
Tunnel Diode
(c)

(e)

(b)

(d)

EC
(a)

EV
EF

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(Esaki) Tunnel Diode (TD)

Simplest tunneling device


Heavily-doped pn junction

EF

Leads to overlap of conduction and valence


bands

Carriers are able to tunnel inter-band


Tunneling goes exponentially with
tunneling distance

Requires junction to be abrupt

EC
EV

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