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Pre Historic Architecture

Prehistoric dwellings ranged from simple shelters like caves to more complex structures. Caves provided natural protection from 460,000-230,000 BC. Later, humans constructed huts by setting wooden stakes in the ground and bracing them with stones. Around 37,000-30,000 BC, pit houses emerged, consisting of oval pits roofed with wood. Tents made from animal hides and tree branches were also common, especially in glacial Europe between 15,000 BC. Permanent settlements eventually developed, including Catal Huyuk and structures made from megalithic stones like dolmens, menhirs, and Stonehenge from 4000-3000 BC.

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101 views19 pages

Pre Historic Architecture

Prehistoric dwellings ranged from simple shelters like caves to more complex structures. Caves provided natural protection from 460,000-230,000 BC. Later, humans constructed huts by setting wooden stakes in the ground and bracing them with stones. Around 37,000-30,000 BC, pit houses emerged, consisting of oval pits roofed with wood. Tents made from animal hides and tree branches were also common, especially in glacial Europe between 15,000 BC. Permanent settlements eventually developed, including Catal Huyuk and structures made from megalithic stones like dolmens, menhirs, and Stonehenge from 4000-3000 BC.

Uploaded by

Peter Smith
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Pre Historic Architecture

Dwellings
Categories
Caves
Huts
Tents
Lean-tos
Pit Houses
Caves
460,000-230,000 BC the
Homo Erectus would live in
caves.
Natural forms, no skill
required as such.
Protection from weather
and animals.
Cave Lean Tos
These are dwellings measuring
about 12x4 m erected against
one wall of a cave and defined at
the base by rows of stones.
May have partitions in the
middle.
Huts
3,00,000 Before Present
Oval Huts
8-15m in length & 4-6m in width
Hut walls are made of stakes
about 75mm in diameter
These stakes are set as a
palisade in sand and braced on
the outside by a ring of stones.
A line of posts each about
300mm in diameter are set
along the axis of each hut.
Each hut had a hearth in the
centre. These hearths were
either shallow pits 1-2 in
diameter or were pebble paved.
The floor of each hut was
covered with ash and organic Terra Amata, Nice,France
matter.
Mostly found in lesser cold
regions
Pit Houses
Pit houses came into
existence when man
started farming and settling
down.
37,000-30,000BP
Eastern Europe- severe and
harsh climate.
6m-9m long x 2-5m wide
oval pits
Possibly roofed with light
timber structure.
Contained hearth and
working areas
Tents
15,000 BP
Common in glacial Europe
3mx3m
The skirts of the tents are
help in place with pebbles.
Small paved area inside
(maybe for hearth)
Framework of tree
branches or bones and the
tent made of animal tide.
Some of the tents even had
an opening as an outlet for
the smoke.
Plateau Parrain region in France
Burial Architecture
Passage Graves
Gallery Graves
Dolmen
A dolmen is a type of single-
chamber megalithic tomb,.
Usually consisting of two or
more vertical megaliths
supporting a large flat
horizontal capstone.
Most date from the early
Neolithic (40003000 BC).
Monumental
Architecture
Menhir
A menhir is a large upright
standing stone,
Menhirs may be found solely
as monoliths, or as part of a
group of similar stones.
Their size can vary
considerably, but their shape is
generally uneven and squared,
often tapering towards the
top.
Menhirs are widely distributed
across Europe, Africa and Asia.
However, they are most
numerous in Western Europe;
in particular in Ireland, Great
Britain and Brittany.
Stone Henge
Aubery Henge Monument,
Wiltshire
348 m dia and 427 of external
dia
4 causeways approx. at the
cardinal directions
Two inner stone circles
Outer edge is a pit
Next edge 56 holes- Aubery
holes
Next circle- 27 holes
Settlements
Catal Huyuk
The human Dawn
Benister Fletcher
Christopher Tadgell
Stakes
Stakes are a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end, driven
into the ground to support a plant, form part of a fence, mark a boundary,
etc.
Palisade
sometimes called a stakewall or a palingis typically a fence or wall made
from wooden stakes or tree trunks and used as a defensive structure or
enclosure.

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