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3.knowledge and Wisdom

The document discusses the concepts of knowledge, wisdom, knowledge management, and wisdom management. It defines knowledge as expertise and skills acquired through experience or education, while defining wisdom as knowledge combined with experience and sound judgment. It notes that knowledge is explicit, documented information as well as tacit knowledge gained through experience. Wisdom is described as timeless and based on personal experiences rather than being taught. The document also compares knowledge workers, who primarily work with information, to wisdom workers, who apply knowledge with common sense and good judgment.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
140 views40 pages

3.knowledge and Wisdom

The document discusses the concepts of knowledge, wisdom, knowledge management, and wisdom management. It defines knowledge as expertise and skills acquired through experience or education, while defining wisdom as knowledge combined with experience and sound judgment. It notes that knowledge is explicit, documented information as well as tacit knowledge gained through experience. Wisdom is described as timeless and based on personal experiences rather than being taught. The document also compares knowledge workers, who primarily work with information, to wisdom workers, who apply knowledge with common sense and good judgment.

Uploaded by

Ankit Williams
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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August 30, 2010

 Meaning of Knowledge and Wisdom


 Difference between Knowledge and Wisdom
 Knowledge Worker versus Wisdom Worker
 Concept of Knowledge Management
 Concept of Wisdom management
 Wisdom Based Management
Knowledge
 Expertise and skills acquired by a person

through experience or education


 The theoretical or practical understanding of

a subject
 Awareness or familiarity gained by experience

of a fact or situation
 An important resource to create learning

capabilities in an organization
 Must be true, justified and believed
 Data items are representations of events,
people, resources, or conditions
◦ They are the raw material for information
 Information adds value to data
◦ It provides recipients with understanding,
insights, conclusions, decisions,
confirmations, or recommendations
 Knowledge is information organized and
processed to convey understanding,
experience, accumulated learning, and
expertise as they apply to a problem or
activity
◦ Knowledge is “information in context”
◦ Knowledge reflects associations and guides or
rules for behavior
 Acquaintance with facts, truths, or principles,
as from study or investigation; general
erudition (extensive learning)
 Familiarity or conversance, as with a
particular subject
 Acquaintance or familiarity gained by sight,

experience, or report
 The fact or state of knowing; the perception

of fact or truth; clear and certain mental


apprehension
Explicit Knowledge
 Formal knowledge that is acquired in
documents of the organization like
◦ Reports, articles, manual, pictures,
sound, video, software, brochures,
online (company website)
◦ Defines the identity and competencies of
the organization
◦ Articulated knowledge – the words we
speak, the books we read, the reports we
write, data we compile
Tacit Knowledge
 Personal knowledge that an individual gains

through his experience


 It is shared and exchanged through direct

interaction
 Practical knowledge that is the key to get

things done
◦ Includes intuition, beliefs, values, perspectives –
formed during an individual’s experiences
◦ In an organization, it is the collective mindset of
everyone in the organization, which then assumes a
unique set of beliefs and assumptions
 The quality or state of being wise
 Knowledge of what is true or right coupled with

just judgment as to action


 Sagacity (farsightedness), discernment, or
insight
 Scholarly knowledge or learning
 Wise sayings or teachings; precepts
 A wise act or saying
 Ability to make correct judgments and decisions
 It cannot be taught or acquired – it has to be

earned and learned


Knowledge = Information + Awareness

Wisdom = Knowledge + Experience +


Sound Judgement

 Wisdom = Information + Awareness +


Experience + Sound Judgement
 Knowledge is information  'Wisdom' is the ability to
of which someone is aware make correct judgments
 Knowledge is also used to and decisions
mean the confident  It is an intangible quality
understanding of a subject, gained presumably through
potentially with the ability experience
to use it for a specific  Ability to apply knowledge
purpose from one context to
 Time: Changes over time different contexts
 Time: Timeless
 Source: Learning, education  Source: Personal Experience

Knowledge Wisdom
 Knowledge is collection of  It is the analysis and
information interpretation of information
 It is a deterministic process;  It cannot be determined or
knowledge can be measured measured
 It can be acquired
 It cannot be acquired
 Is the outcome of knowledge
 It leads to wisdom  It is the process by which we
 Involves identification and judge between right and
analysis of available wrong, good and bad
information; It plans and
controls actions to develop
knowledge assets for
fulfilling organizational goals

Knowledge Wisdom
 It can be shared or expressed  It is individualistic – wisdom
by everyone level of all is different
 It resides in the brain  It resides in the mind & soul
 It is intellectual
 It is divine
 One can awaken to it &
 One can learn it
acquire it
 It is rational and objective  It is subjective & imaginative
 It is bound by logic and  It is bound by spirituality and
reasons not bound by rules
 It applies rules  It applies judgment

Knowledge Wisdom
 Knowledge teaches us to use our senses, to
observe and evaluate things or events around
us and our predecessors with a proper way of
recording
 Wisdom teaches us what works and what

does not
 With a perfect blend of knowledge and

wisdom in our lives, we can eliminate fear; we


can make our lives better
 Since wisdom is a lifelong experience, it may
also be enhanced through knowledge
 Wisdom is also the common sense to apply

knowledge
 Some theories also suggest that while
knowledge is gained from the outside world,
wisdom comes from the divine and inner self.
 They're are both related and cannot be

applied without each other


 One must seek knowledge to awaken
wisdom
 The more we know, the more we

realize how much we do not know


 The wiser we grow, the more wisdom

we believe is yet to be discovered


 Wisdom does not come in sealed

packets – it has to be earned through


free, fair and higher standard of
thinking
 Knowledge is the awareness of the right facts
and figures and applying for use in everyday
life.
 It may or may not be the right use.
 For example, dropping of the atomic bombs

on Japan during World War II was an


application of knowledge
 Wisdom is the understanding of facts couple

with common sense and good judgment


 The word has positive connotations which

means it is used only for the right cause


 We all know that alcohol, drugs, cigarettes
are injurious to health
 But we continue to consume for our own

interest
 We misuse the knowledge we have about

them
 Terrorists – some of them are the most well-

read, knowledgeable people around


 Is human mental work performed to
generate useful information and knowledge
 In doing it, knowledge workers

◦ Access and use data (observation or in


repositories)
◦ Access and use personal knowledge,
organizational knowledge, and external
knowledge
◦ Employ mental models
◦ Apply significant concentration and attention
 Transforms corporate and personal
experiences into knowledge through
capturing, assessing, applying, sharing, and
disseminating it within the organization to
solve specific problems or to create value
 Term coined by Peter Drucker in 1959
 One who primarily works with information
 Develops and uses knowledge in the
workplace
 Uses any form of recorded knowledge for

performance of regular business activities


Characterized by:
Managers  Knowledge and
Professors expertise
Financial analysts  Education plus
Systems analysts ability to be creative,
Accountants innovative, solve
Lawyers problems, and
Students create systems
Core Competencies
 Thinking skills — having a vision
how the product or the company
can be better
 Continuous learning — unlearning
and relearning in tune with fast-
changing conditions
 Innovative teams and teamwork —
via collaboration, cooperation,
and coordination
 Creativity — ‘dreaming’ new ways
to advance the firm
Core Competencies contd.

 Risk taking and potential


success — making joint
decisions with calculated risk
 Decision action taking — be
willing to embrace professional
discipline, patience, and
determination
 Culture of responsibility toward
knowledge — loyalty and
commitment to one’s manager
or leader
Traditional vs. Smart Managers
Action-oriented Learning-oriented

Spend most time Focus on organizational


supervising, delegating, learning to ensure
controlling and ensuring operational excellence
procedures are complied

Mastered the work of the Expected not to have


subordinates because they mastered the work of the
were once workers subordinates

A supervisor and an order A facilitator and a teacher


giver
 Get the organization moving towards
achieving goals in line with rate of
change
 Promote active learning to improve
knowledge worker’s capacity to create,
produce, and respond to change
 Provide opportunities for knowledge
workers to brainstorm ideas, exchange
knowledge, and devise new ways of
doing business
Factors Affecting Knowledge
Worker’s Productivity
 Time constraints and work pressures
 Knowledge workers performing tasks that
the firm did not hire them to do
 Work schedule mismatch
 De-motivation against knowledge worker’s
productivity
Challenges faced by Knowledge
Workers
 Time available  Human cognitive
 Human motivation limits
 Limits to human  Dual processing

attention and losses


concentration  Task design
 Planning and  Reuse of

scheduling of processes and


work structures
Responsibilities of Smart Managers
 Managing knowledge workers
 Searching out, creating, sharing, and using
knowledge regularly
 Maintaining work motivation among knowledge
workers
 Hiring or recruiting bright, knowledge-seeking
individuals
 Managing collaboration, coordination and
concurrent activities among knowledge workers
Responsibilities of Knowledge
Workers-Knowledge Work Activities
 Acquiring knowledge (scan, monitor, and search)
 Designing (model, plan, organize, schedule, and
author)
 Assessment
 Decision Making (formulate, analyze, and choose)
 Communication (present, persuade, and motivate)
 Monitoring
 Scheduling
 Expansion and/or conservation of
individual and group knowledge work
resources
 Work effectiveness to increase value in
meeting needs of organization (relevant
data and effective use of knowledge,
expertise, and creativity)
 Work efficiency (reduce cost in terms of

time and energy


 Job specific and general knowledge
 Increase knowledge base and network
 Maintain individual expertise
 Examples:
◦ Scanning professional literature
◦ Attending professional meetings
◦ Learning about new technology
◦ Learning features of new software
◦ Building and maintaining a network of contacts
 Manage knowledge work to achieve
effective result using time and mental
resources efficiently
 Maintain work motivation
 Maintain readiness to work
 Plan, sequence, and schedule activities
 Allocate effort and control switching among

tasks
 Manage collaboration
 Infinite ability to expand work
 Infinite ability to increase quality and
extensiveness of work
 Ability to work hard and accomplish little or

nothing
 Knowledge work productivity “used-up” in:

◦ Customization
◦ Quality
◦ Expansion of scope/extent
 Understand and adopt the organizational
culture
 Align personal / professional growth with the

corporate vision
 Possess the attitude of collaboration and

sharing
 Possess innovative capacity and creative mind
 Have a clear understanding of the business in

which they are involved


 Always willing to accommodate uncertainties
 Uses wisdom which is the result of learning
and using knowledge for a strategic
advantage
 Uses knowledge to confront situations /

problems
 Help in the successful adaptation to the new

economy
 Help in foreseeing the long-term view of the

organization
 Understand the systems in the context of their
larger whole and take effective decisions –
both individual and organizational
- in conditions of uncertainty, complexity and
urgency
 Has a deeper and broader knowledge of the

how and why of things linked to each other


 Plays a key role in strategic decision making
 Plays a crucial role in interpersonal process

crucial to effective leadership and organization


 Have the perfect vision and perspective-taking
capacity
 Have the capacity to anticipate reactions of

others
 Have intuitive skills, transformational powers

and strategic thinking capabilities


 Use information at the  Use wisdom to meet
workplace challenges and risks
 Are technical in nature  Are conceptual in nature
 Create tangible assets for
 Create intangible assets for
the firm the firm
 Create goodwill for the firm
 Create knowledge wealth
& enhance reputation
for the organization  Make effective strategic
 Help in decision making decisions & create effective
and problem solving leaders
 Use equipments and  Use initiative and judgment
software in making in making decisions
decisions  Are the product of vision,
 Are the product of training farsightedness and intuitive
and education skills

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