Building services

– II Conduits & wiring

Submitted by:-
Prarthna Roy
Jyotsna
Naga Srikanth
Prajhwal
Conduits
Definition:
An electrical conduit (EC): is a piping system that
is used to carry electrical wiring for either power
or communication. These piping systems are
commonly referred to as raceways.
Advantages:
 Electrical conduit provides very good protection to
enclosed conductors from impact, moisture, and
chemical vapors.
 Electrical Conduit is widely used to protect cables
that carry various amounts of electrical current. For
example, Rigid conduit used is used to guard against
crushing and shorting of cables.
 Conduit prevents accidental damage to the
insulation.
 Varying numbers, sizes, and types of conductors can
be pulled into a conduit, which simplifies design and
construction compared to multiple runs of cables or
the expense of customized composite cable.
Disadvantages:
 The cost of conduit installation is higher than other
wiring methods due to the cost of materials and
labor.
 Conductors installed within conduit cannot dissipate
heat as readily as those installed in open wiring, so
the current capacity of each conductor must be
reduced if many are installed in one conduit.
 It is impractical, and prohibited by wiring regulations,
to have more than 360 degrees of total bends in a
run of conduit, so special outlet fittings must be
provided to allow conductors to be installed without
damage in such runs.
Types of conduits:
 Conduit systems are classified by the wall
thickness, mechanical stiffness, and material
used to make the tubing. The most common
types of conduit are:
 First: Metal Conduit
1. Rigid Metal Conduit (RMC),
2. Galvanized rigid conduit (GRC),
3. Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC),
4. Electrical metallic tubing (EMT),
5. Aluminum conduit.
 Second: Non-metal Conduits
1. PVC conduit,
2. Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit (RNMC),
3. Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing (ENT).
 Third: Flexible Conduits
1. Flexible Metallic Conduit (FMC),
2. Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit (LFMC),
3. Flexible Metallic Tubing (FMT),
4. Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit
(LFNC).
•Electrical wiring is generally refers to insulated conductor used to carry
current and associated device.
•Domestic electric appliances like lights, fans, washing machines, water
pumps etc are connected to the supply through insulated wires which are
controlled by switches.
•The wiring diagram gives the connections of different appliances to the
supply within a house or building.
• State electricity board provide electric supply up
to a point outside the consumer premises. From
this point consumer take the connection to his
main board . Insulated electrical wires will be
taken out to various places in the permises to
supply power to different type of loads like lights ,
fans , refrigerators , room coolers , heaters,etc.
• The conductor material, insulation , size and the
number of cores, specifies the electrical wires.
• The conductors are usually of either copper or
aluminium.
• Various insulating materials like PVC,TRS and VIR
are used.
• The wire may be of single strand or multi strand.
• Wires with combination of different diameters and
the number of cores or strands are available.
• The selection of the wire is made depending on
the requirement considering factors like current
and voltage ratings, cost and application.
• The current carrying capacity depends on the
total area of the wires.
• Electrical drawings plays an important role in
electrical installation works that they convey
information about connection of various devices
and equipments with mains.
• It provides the complete information,and also
helps to assemble the various equipments.
• It is a functional drawing which shows and
describes the main operating principles of the
equipments or devices.
• It consists of :-
-principle functions (represented by blocks)
- line connections (shows relationship between
them).
The diagram is usually drawn before implementing
a circuit diagram.
• Not give any detailed information.
• leaves the information about smaller cmponents.
• Is a simplified notation of an
electrical system.
• Called as one-line diagram or
single line diagram .
• Similar to the block diagram
• It consists of symbols to
represent the components.
• Lines to represent the wires
or conductors which
connects the components
together.
• the line diagram is derived
from the block diagram.
• Electrical circuit is graphically represented in a
simplified manner.
• it gives the position information of various
elements (in cm or m or mm)
• Doesn’t give any layout of the parts and their
detail wiring information of the components.
• One can do wiring by following the information
given in this diagram
• These diagram illustrate the working of an electric
circuit.
• Wiring diagram is a representation of the circuit ,
shows the wiring between parts or elements.
• Gives detailed information about wiring .
• It includes:-
-relative position
-arrangement of devices
-terminals on the devices
It shows power supplies and earth connections .
Thank you