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Aamir Sajjad Awais Iftikhar Muhammad Awais: Group 01

The document discusses an algorithm for generating a 3D model from 2D engineering drawings. [1] The algorithm processes vector data from orthogonal views of the drawing. [2] Key steps include line segmentation, identifying views and axes, detecting contours and internal edges. [3] The algorithm allows generating 3D models for rotational parts from electronic drawings to be further processed in CAD/CAM systems.

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83 views16 pages

Aamir Sajjad Awais Iftikhar Muhammad Awais: Group 01

The document discusses an algorithm for generating a 3D model from 2D engineering drawings. [1] The algorithm processes vector data from orthogonal views of the drawing. [2] Key steps include line segmentation, identifying views and axes, detecting contours and internal edges. [3] The algorithm allows generating 3D models for rotational parts from electronic drawings to be further processed in CAD/CAM systems.

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owais
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GROUP 01

 AAMIR SAJJAD

 AWAIS IFTIKHAR

 MUHAMMAD AWAIS
Title

3D MODEL GENERATION FROM THE


ENGINEERING DRAWING

Slovak University of Technology Bratislava

29 November,2010
ABSTRACT:

The contribution deals with the transformation of engineering drawings in


a paper form into a 3D computer representation. A 3D computer model
can be further processed in CAD/CAM system, it can be modified,
archived, and a technical drawing can be then generated from it as well.
The transformation process from paper form to data one is a complex and
difficult. The algorithm for 3D model generating from an orthogonal
vector input representing a simplified technical drawing of the rotational
part is described in this contribution. The algorithm was experimentally
implemented as ObjectARX application in the Auto CAD system .
KEY WORDS

3D MODEL: ( A Shape Having Height, Length, And Width)


AUTOCAD: ( Automatic Computer Aided Drawing)
OBJECTARX:( AUTOCAD Runtime Extension Is An API)
ENGINEERING DRAWING: (A Drawing Having Technical Data)
ALGORITHM: (A Precise Set Of Rules Specifying How To Solve A Problem)
ORTHOGONAL:(A Set Of Mutually Perpendicular Axes Meeting At Right Angles )
INTRODUCTION

There are several forms of archiving and exchanging the information on


products.
 A classic paper engineering drawing.
 An electronic raster and vector drawing.
 A 3D model.
 Final part ( production).
Processing in the direction of a 3D model-paper drawing is commonly
used procedure in modern CAD/CAM system. The aim of this article is to
introduce an algorithm for 3D model generating for rotational part from
the vector record of its orthogonal projections.
TRANSFORMATION DRAWING-MODEL

Paper Raster e- vector e-

3D model
drawing drawing drawing

Part
production
THE SOLUTION PROCEDURE & ALGORITHM

3D model reconstruction of the rotational part from 2D vector drawing was


divided into the following steps:
 Determination of input conditions and restrictive criteria.
 selection of an implementation form of the algorithm for verification of a
proposed solution.
 loading input data from the vector e-drawing of the part.
 processing each view.
 building a 3D model.
 visualization of the reconstructed 3D model.
RESEARCH PAPER ON 3D MODEL GENERATION FROM
THE ENGINEERING DRAWING

 API allows using the services of the system for processing input vector
data or for creating 3D objects as well. Another advantage is that we can work
with its native file format, possibly with some standard format for product data
exchange and do not need to be addressed by implementing the file inputs
and output.
 The algorithm presented in this paper can handle e-drawings that meet the
following conditions and limitations.

 The drawing of the part can contain three primary orthogonal views -front ,side
and top.

 All views must be placed in one layer where no other drawing elements ,such as
dimensions separate sections and cross-sections , hatching , text
information.
RESEARCH PAPER ON 3D MODEL GENERATION FROM
THE ENGINEERING DRAWING

 The proposed algorithm for a 3D model generating by using reconstruction


from 2D vector drawing was divided into the following steps:

 Input of vector data.


 Line segmentation.
 Recognition of line groups and views.
 Front view processing.
 Identifying of the major axis and other axises of rotation.
 Recognition of distance circles.
 Detection of the contour.
 Identification of internal edges.
 Processing of additional views.
RECOGNITION OF DISTANCE CIRCLES

 Besides the axis consisting of abscissa-segments , also the distance circles or


their parts can be in the drawing, so in our case, there are dot-and-dash circular
arcs.

 These sequences of arcs are detected in the same way as abscissa-segments of


straight axis.
DETECTION OF THE CONTOUR

 The outer edge contour is detected by the smallest angle method


because only lines with the smallest angle towards the current segment
are included in the boundary area.

 this way of projection lines scanning leads to the acquisition of area


borders represented as an oriented graph , where the internal surface area
is located on the left from the direction of the border.
RESEARCH PAPER ON 3D MODEL GENERATION FROM
THE ENGINEERING DRAWING

DETECTION OF THE CONTOUR (Outer Contour)


1 2
6

5
4 3

In above fig simulation has been shown of drawing from 1 to 6


contour
IDENTIFICATION OF INTERNAL EDGES (inner edges detection)

All lines which are not a constituent of the contour are scanned by using
the similar manner as the search
Of groups of lines 8 1
Is running
7
Throughout the 6
Whole drawing
The lines forming individual
5 groups
4
Of edges inside are called islands.
3 2
PROCESSING OF ADDITIONAL VIEWS

 Side elevation and top view are processed only as a supplement to the
front one.
 They serve mainly as a source of decision-making elements identified in
front elevation.
 They provide additional information on the dimensions of structural
elements and their location on the perimeter.
CONCLUSION

The solved task is a complex,even after the significant limitation of


elements of engineering drawing that enter the processing are taken into
account. Just about the class of rotational parts, which the submitted paper
is imed at, involves a number of shap elements that should be taken away
from the basic solid. The contribution deals with a partial task solved within
the frame of the project. 3D model generation from the orthogonal views of
the engineering part drawing for using in CAD and visualization.
REFERENCES

[1] Mehta,d P Sahni Handbook Of Structure And Applications.

[2] Sedgewick,r.Algoritmy V C.Casti 1-4 Praha :Softpress.

[3] Vasky,j.Elias,m.Palaj,j.3d Solid Model Generation From 2d Vector


Drawing In:slovak Republic

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