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Ms-Dos Device Drivers: Device Drivers Are The That in File at

This document discusses MS-DOS device drivers. It provides details on built-in drivers for the console, printer ports, serial ports and disk drives. It describes the two types of drivers - character and block device drivers. It outlines the structure and major parts of MS-DOS device drivers, including common drivers like ANSI.SYS. It also provides a brief overview of how device drivers work in UNIX/Linux systems.

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Jass Gill
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322 views13 pages

Ms-Dos Device Drivers: Device Drivers Are The That in File at

This document discusses MS-DOS device drivers. It provides details on built-in drivers for the console, printer ports, serial ports and disk drives. It describes the two types of drivers - character and block device drivers. It outlines the structure and major parts of MS-DOS device drivers, including common drivers like ANSI.SYS. It also provides a brief overview of how device drivers work in UNIX/Linux systems.

Uploaded by

Jass Gill
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MS-DOS DEVICE DRIVERS

Device Drivers are the programs


that loaded in CONFIG.SYS file at
boot-up time

Built-In Drivers:
Name of Device Name of Driver
Console CON:
Printer LPT1:LPT2:LPT3:
Serial Ports COM!:COM2:COM3:COM4:
Null device NUL:
Disk drive A A:
Disk drive B B:
Disk drive C C:
MS-DOS DEVICE DRIVERS TYPES

Block Device Drivers


Character Device Drivers
• Character Device Drivers: one character
or byte at a time for i/o data
transfer
 Single h/w unit support
 Application program accessibility-
By name
By function calls
By using default handles

• Block Device Drivers: Data transfer


fixed or variable blocks/chunks
 Controls random/non random mass storage
devices.
 Two or more h/w unit support
STRUCTURE OF MS-DOS DEVICE DRIVERS
MS – DOS Device Driver Structure
Initialization
Media Check
Build BPB
I/O Control Read and Write
Status
Read
Write, Write/Verify
Interrupt Output until Busy
Flash Buffers
Header Device open
Device Close
Check whether Removable
Generic IOCTL
Get/set Logical Device
Strategy Routine
Device Driver Header
MS – DOS Device Driver Header
Link to next driver, Offset
Link to next driver ,Segment
Device Attribute Word
Strategy Entry Point ,Offset
Interrupt Entry Point , Offset
Logical Name (8 bytes), if Character Device .
No. of Units (1byte),if Block Device
Followed by 7 bytes of Reserved Space

MS – DOS Device Driver Major Parts:


Device Driver :Contains Link to next Driver
Strategy Routine: This is an pointer passed by MS-DOS to data structure
Request Header: Contains information about the operation to be
performed
Interrupt Routine: Implements device drivers and perform actual i/o
operations
Various MS-DOS Device Drivers

ANSI.SYS HIMEM.SYS
EGA.SYS SETVER.EXE
PRINTER.SYS DISPLAY.SYS
INTERLINK.EXE
CHKSTATE.SYS
SMARTDRV.EXE
EMM384.SYS DRIVER.SYS
RAMDRIVE.SYS POWER.EXE
DBLSPACE.SYS SMARTDRV.SYS
Usage of Device Drivers
 ANSI.SYS: Provides Screen customization (includes
coloring and extending) and keyboard functions .
 SETVER.EXE: Includes an label from CONFIG.SYS
that device drivers read while booting the system.
 SMARTDRV.SYS: establishes the disk cache
 RAMDRIVE.SYS: Allows portion of m/y as disk
 MOUSE.SYS is device driver for mouse installed in CONFIG.SYS file
 Screen output DOS commands explicitly use CON:
 Printer output DOS commands use the PRN: or LPT devices
 ANSI.SYS allows DOS user to move cursor, screen optimization and
color setting etc.
Loading Device Drivers
Device Drivers are loaded in m/y in the order they appear
in COFIG.SYS
DOS maintain Linked list of these drivers .
New Driver added at the head of list.
UNIX/LINUX DEVICE DRIVERS
Open Source available Linux kernel Device
Drivers are distinct “Black Boxes” that
makes particular piece of hardware
respond to a well defined internal
programming interface .
The programming interface is such that
drivers can be built separately from the
rest of kernel and “plugged in” at
runtime when needed.
Role of UNIX/LINUX Device Drivers

 The device driver allows the driver programmer


to choose the appearance of the device .
 Role of kernel drivers :
• Process Management
• Memory Management
• File Systems
• Device Control
• Networking
Loadable Modules
 The each piece of code that can be added to
the kernel at runtime is called as module.
 Each module is made up of object code (not
linked into a complete executable).
 Modules can be dynamically linked to the
running kernel by insmod and can be
removed by rmmod program.
Classes of Devices and Modules
 CHARACTER DEVICES: That can be
accessed as a stream of bytes

 BLOCK DEVICES : These only handles I/O


operations that can transfer one or more
blocks (usually of 512 bytes )

 NETWORK INTERFACES: It sends and


receives the data packets driven by the
network subsystem of kernal
Structure of UNIX/LINUX
Device Driver
User Program

Top Half Start I/O Wait I/O

Bottom Half
Devices
Address
I/O Interrupt
Translation

I/O Handler I/O Scheduler I/O initiator

Error Recovery
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