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Human Interfacing

The document discusses libraries that can be used with Arduino to interface with hardware like LCD displays and keypads. It describes the LiquidCrystal library for controlling LCDs based on the HD44780 chipset. It provides examples of initializing the LCD, printing to it, setting the cursor position, and other functions. It also covers how keypads work using row and column scanning and describes the Keypad library functions.

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Eugene Ramirez Zhuo
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49 views25 pages

Human Interfacing

The document discusses libraries that can be used with Arduino to interface with hardware like LCD displays and keypads. It describes the LiquidCrystal library for controlling LCDs based on the HD44780 chipset. It provides examples of initializing the LCD, printing to it, setting the cursor position, and other functions. It also covers how keypads work using row and column scanning and describes the Keypad library functions.

Uploaded by

Eugene Ramirez Zhuo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Human-Machine

Interfacing
Libraries

 The Arduino environment can be extended through the


use of libraries, just like most programming platforms.
 Libraries provide extra functionality for use in sketches,
e.g. working with hardware or manipulating data
LCD Module
LCD Pin Assignment
LCD Module Arduino Uno
5V 5V
GND GND
Data bit 7 2
Data bit 6 3
Data bit 5 4
Data bit 4 5
EN 11
RS 12
R/W GND
LCD Pinouts
LCD Library

 Arduino has standard libraries which provide extra functionality for use in
sketches.
 The LiquidCrystal library allows an Arduino to control LCDs based in the
HD44780 chipset.
 To use the LiquidCrystal library in a sketch:
Sketch -> Import Library -> LiquidCrystal
LCD Library

#include<LiquidCrystal.h>

Void setup(){
}

Void loop(){
}
LCD Library
 Initialize the LCD LiquidCrystal name(rs, rw, en, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7)
 name = variable name for the LCD
 Values inside the parenthesis are all pin number labels.
LCD Library
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12,11,5,4,3,2);
Void setup(){
}

Void loop(){
}
LCD Library

 Specify print dimensions


name.begin(cols, rows)
 name = variable name for the LCD, must match from
initialization
 cols = number of columns, e.g. 16 for a 16x2 display
 rows = number of rows, e.g. 2 for a 16x2 display
LCD Library
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12,11,5,4,3,2);
Void setup(){
lcd.begin(16,2);
}

Void loop(){
}
LCD Library
 Display data
name.print(data)
 name = variable name for the LCD, must match from
initialization
 data = data to print
LCD Library
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12,11,5,4,3,2);
Void setup(){
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.print(“hello world!”);
}

Void loop(){
}
LCD Library
 Set the display cursor
name.setCursor(column, line)
 name = variable name for the LCD, must match from
initialization
 column = 0 to 15
 line = 0 or 1
LCD Library
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12,11,5,4,3,2);
Void setup(){
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.print(“hello world!”);
lcd.setCUrsor(0,1);
lcd.print(“hi!”);
}

Void loop(){
}
LCD Library
 Has many more specified instructions
 clear() – clears the whole display
 home() – places the cursor at the upper left corner (0,0)
cursor(), blink(), display() – control device behavior during
standby
scrollDisplayLeft() and scrollDisplayRight() – moves the
display one space to the left/right
autoscroll() – automatically scrolls incoming text based on
text direction
leftToRight() and rightToLeft() – control text direction
Keypad
 A series of switches that are systematically arranged to
be able to provide a range of data depending on their
combined states
 4x3 keypad – common arrangement used for keypads
 Membrane format keypads are popular in installation
fixtures for its minimalist design and structure
Keypad Scanning
 Columns – INPUT Rows –
OUTPUT
 Scan begins by driving one row
LOW and all the others HIGH
 All inputs (columns) will then be
read one by one
Keypad Scanning
 If no button was pressed, all
reads are expected to return a
HIGH state
 At this point, the routine will
drive the next row LOW, and
repeat the whole process
Keypad Scanning
 If a button was pressed,
once the row it belongs to is
driven LOW, a LOW is
returned when the column it
belongs to is read
 This matrix method enables
us to know which button on
the keypad is pressed
Keypad Scanning
 This implementation is BLOCKING – the routine requires
continuous scanning!
 Blocking Code – routines that stall the main code
sequence/progression
 Take note that the buttons are momentary, adding latch
behavior will considerably complicate your code
 To help simplify things, use the Keypad library!
Keypad Library
 Connect ROW lines to pins
A0 to A3, and COLUMN lines
to pins 8 to 10 (from left to
right)
 Recall: Analog Input pins
can be used as Digital Pins
as well (A0 to A5 = DIO 14 to
19)
Keypad Library
 Open HelloKeypad sketch from the Libraries example,
change the pins used with respect to the new
assignments
 Upload the code, then open the Serial Monitor to view
output
 CHALLENGE! – Print the output on the LCD Display! When
top row full automatically proceed to the bottom row,
when all full clear and reset display
 CLUE: Need a counter for row and column!
Keypad Library

 getKey() - returns the key that is pressed, if any


 getState() - returns the current state of any of the keys
(IDLE, PRESSED, RELEASED and HOLD)
 addEventListener(keypadEvent) – calls the function
specified by keypadEvent whenever the keypad is
used/pressed
 begin(makeKeymap(userKeymap)) – initializes a
declared keymap to be used by the routine, used to
enable multi-mapped keys (i.e. in cellphones)
Keypad Library
 setHoldTime(unsigned int time) - amount of milliseconds
needed to trigger HOLD state.
 setDebounceTime(unsigned int time) - amount of
milliseconds to wait until it accepts a new
keypress/keyEvent
 EventKeypad sample sketch shows how to handle
keypad press and state events, enabling additional
hardware interaction
 DynamicKeypad sample sketch shows how to use
multiple keymaps on a single keypad device, adding
more functionality

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