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Hydrogen

Hydrogen can be used as a secondary energy source if produced from other sources, as it is not found pure in nature. Hydrogen internal combustion engines have advantages over gasoline engines like a wide flammability range and clean burning. Higher compression ratios and heat ratios improve efficiency, and hydrogen's resistance to knock allows for higher compression than gasoline. The high octane and lean limits of hydrogen also enable high efficiencies compared to gasoline in internal combustion engines.

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23 views25 pages

Hydrogen

Hydrogen can be used as a secondary energy source if produced from other sources, as it is not found pure in nature. Hydrogen internal combustion engines have advantages over gasoline engines like a wide flammability range and clean burning. Higher compression ratios and heat ratios improve efficiency, and hydrogen's resistance to knock allows for higher compression than gasoline. The high octane and lean limits of hydrogen also enable high efficiencies compared to gasoline in internal combustion engines.

Uploaded by

krisbhaskar22-1
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Hydrogen Energy

Hydrogen may be considered as a secondary


energy source, since it is not available as a pure
hydrogen gas. Pure hydrogen must be produced
from its compound using another energy
source prior to its use
Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine

Advantages:
• Wide range of flammability
• Low ignition energy
• High auto ignition temperature
• High flame speed at stoichiometric ratios
• High diffusivity
• Very low density
• Burn cleanly and operate efficiently
• Ultra-lean combustion
• Significantly reduced NOx production
• Efficient low-engine load operation.
Higher is the compression ratio and/or the
specific-heat ratio, the higher is the
thermodynamic efficiency of the engine.

The compression ratio limit of an engine is based


on the fuel’s resistance to knock. A lean hydrogen
mixture is less susceptible to knock than
conventional gasoline, and, therefore, can
tolerate higher compression ratios.
The high Octane Number and low lean-flammability limit of
hydrogen provide the necessary combination to attain high
thermal efficiencies in an ICE.

The stoichiometric air/fuel (A/F) ratio for the complete


combustion of hydrogen in air is about 34:1 by mass. This is
much higher than the 14.7:1 A/F ratio required for gasoline.

The specific heat ratio of hydrogen is 1.4 compared to


conventional gasoline it is 1:1.

Hydrogen fueled ICEs have demonstrated efficiencies in


excess of 20% compared to conventional gasoline-fueled
ICEs
• Reforming of natural gas
• Gasification of coal
• Gasification of biomass
• Reforming of renewable liquid fuels
• Nuclear energy
• Solar energy

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