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Bluetooth

Bluetooth allows wireless connections between devices like phones and computers. It operates in the 2.4 GHz band at speeds up to 720 Kbps within 50 meters. Bluetooth devices use a master-slave structure, with up to seven slaves connected to a single master in a piconet. Piconets can be linked to form scatternets, allowing devices to participate in multiple piconets simultaneously.

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142 views13 pages

Bluetooth

Bluetooth allows wireless connections between devices like phones and computers. It operates in the 2.4 GHz band at speeds up to 720 Kbps within 50 meters. Bluetooth devices use a master-slave structure, with up to seven slaves connected to a single master in a piconet. Piconets can be linked to form scatternets, allowing devices to participate in multiple piconets simultaneously.

Uploaded by

Nimmi K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Bluetooth

Name comes from nickname of Danish king Harald Blåtand


Allows users to make ad hoc wireless connections between
devices like mobile phones, desktop or notebook computers
wirelessly
Data transfer at a speed of about 720 Kbps within 50 meters
(150 feet) of range or beyond through walls, clothing and even
luggage bags
Built into a small microchip
Operates in a globally available frequency band ensuring
worldwide interoperability
Managed and maintained by Bluetooth Special Interest Group
Bluetooth Protocol

 Uses the unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial Scientific and


Medical) frequency band
 79 available channels spaced 1 MHz apart from 2.402 GHz to
2.480 GHz
 Allows power levels starting from 1mW (covering 10
centimetres) to 100mW (covering upto 100 meters) suitable
for short device zone to personal area networks within a
home
 Supports both unicast (point-to-point) and multicast (point-
to-
multipoint) connections
 Bluetooth protocols are a collection of many inter-related
Bluetooth Protocol

Uses the master and slave relationship


Master and slaves together form a Piconet when master allows
slaves to talk
Up to seven ‘slave’ devices can be set to communicate with a
‘master’ in a Piconet
Scatternet is formed when several of piconets are linked
together to form a larger network in an ad hoc manner
Bluetooth Protocol
Scatternet is a topology where a device from one piconet also
acts as a member of another piconet wherein a device being a
master in one piconet can simultaneously be a slave in the other
one
Bluetooth Protocol
Bluetooth Core protocols plus Bluetooth radio protocols are
required by most of Bluetooth devices
Uses spread spectrum technologies at the Physical Layer while
using both direct sequence and frequency hopping spread
spectrum technologies
Uses connectionless (ACL–Asynchronous Connectionless
Link) and connection-oriented (SCO–Synchronous Connection-
oriented Link) links
Cable Replacement layer, Telephony Control layer and
Adopted protocol layer form application-oriented protocols
Bluetooth Protocol Stack

OBEX – Object Exchange Protocol TCS BIN – Telephony Control Specification Binary
WAE – Wireless Application SDP – Service Discovery Protocol
Environment WAP – Wireless Application RFCOMM – Radio Frequency Communication
Protocol LMP – Link Manager Protocol L2CAP – Logical Link Control and Adaptation
Bluetooth Protocol Stack

1. Bluetooth Core Protocols


2. Cable Replacement Protocol
3. Telephony Control Protocols
4. Adopted Protocols
Bluetooth Core Protocols

Baseband – enables physical RF link


Link Manager Protocol (LMP) – manages devices in
range, power modes, connections, duty cycles, etc.
Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) –
segmentation and re-assembly of fragmented packets with their
multiplexing
Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) – Enables a device to join a
piconet
Cable Replacement Protocol

 Radio Frequency Communication (RFCOMM) - emulates RS-


232 control and data signals over Bluetooth baseband protocol
Telephony Control Protocols

Telephony Control Specification Binary (TCS BIN) - defines


the call control signaling protocol and handles mobility
management for groups of Bluetooth TCS devices
Attention (AT) Commands - defines a set of commands by
which a mobile phone can be used and controlled as a modem
for fax and data transfers
Adopted Protocols

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) - means of taking IP packets


to/from the PPP layer and placing them onto the LAN
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) -
used for communication across the Internet
Object Exchange (OBEX) Protocol - session protocol to
exchange objects and used to browse the contents of folders on
remote devices
Content Formats - used to exchange messages and notes and
synchronize data amongst various devices
Bluetooth Security

Offers security infrastructure starting from authentication, key


exchange to encryption
Uses the publicly available cipher algorithm known as
SAFER+ to authenticate a device’s identity
Bluetooth Application Models
Each application model in Bluetooth is realized through a
Profile. Profiles define the protocols and protocol features
supporting a particular usage model. Some common profiles are:

File Transfer
Internet Bridge
LAN Access
Synchronization
Headset

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