Module 5

Introduction to
Electrical Systems Design

Engr. Gerard Ang

School of EECE
 Classification of Building

• Based on Intended Use or Occupancy

A. Residential: A building consisting of one or more dwelling
units, usually for the use of the owner.
B. Commercial: A building consisting of one or more
commercial units for the use of the owner and/or others.
C. Residential and/or Commercial Condominium: A
condominium building consisting of a combination of
residential and commercial units, wherein the units are
designed and constructed for independent use or
ownership.
 Classification of Building

• Based on the Number of Occupancies

A. Single Occupancy: A building with one (1) unit occupancy. In
single occupancy and residential building, the building has
only one (1) dwelling unit
B. Multiple Occupancy: A building with two (2) or more units of
occupancies. In multiple occupancy and residential building,
the building has two (2) or more dwelling units. In multiple
occupancy and commercial building, the building has two (2)
or more commercial units. In multiple occupancy building
also, the building may consist of residential and commercial
units.
When the units of a multiple occupancy building are owned
by different persons or entities, such as a condominium, a
common administrator has to be appointed by the owners.
 Classification of Building

• Based on Height or Number of Storeys

A. Low-rise: One (1) storey to five (5) storeys or three (3)
meters to fifteen meters above established grade. Generally
not requiring an elevator if the building is for residential use.
B. Medium-rise: Six (6) storeys to fifteen (15) storeys or
eighteen(18) meters to forty five (45) meters above
established grade. Electric power needed for elevators.
C. High-rise: Sixteen(16) storeys or more or forty eight(48)
meters or higher above established grade. Electric power
is needed for elevators, and warning lights. Lightning
protection system is also required.
 Review of the Design Requirements
• Location Plan
The location plan will guide the electrical design engineers,
inspectors from the office of the local building official,
inspectors from the local electric utility, prospective
bidders, and other persons who have interests in the
project.
• Electrical Layout
The electrical layout is similar to the architectural layout
except that the electrical layout contains the
interconnection of the service drop/lateral, service
entrance, service equipment, feeder, subfeeder, load
center, panelboards, branch circuit, and nomenclature of
occupancies.
Site Development Plan
Location Map/Vicinity Map
Floor Plan
Lighting Layout
Power Layout
Review of the Design Requirements
• Legend or Symbol
These help in understanding the electrical plan. The
recommended symbols are shown in Appendix A of the
Philippine Electrical Code Part 1 2009. However, other
symbols can be used, especially the local symbols which
are easily understood in the area.
Legends and Symbols
Legends and Symbols
Review of the Design Requirements
• General Notes and/or Specifications
These are general requirements showing the following:
a. Nature of electrical service, including number of phases,
number of wires, voltage and frequency.
b. Type of wiring
c. Special equipment to be installed, including rating and
classification of services or duty cycle.
d. Methods of grounding
e. Type and rating of main disconnecting means,
overcurrent protection, and branch circuit wiring
f. Clearance and mounting height of service equipment,
electric meter, panel board and devices.
General Notes and Specifications
General Notes and Specifications
 General Notes/Specifications
A. All electrical works shall be done in accordance with the Philippine
Electrical Code Part 1, latest edition, the requirements of the
municipality of Marilao and the Manila Electric Company.
B. The electrical works shall be done by a Registered Master
Electrician (RME) or Registered Electrical Engineer (REE) or
Professional Electrical Engineer (PEE) or skilled electrical
practitioner but under the supervision of RME, REE, PEE.
C. Materials, devices and equipment shall be new and shall be in
conformance with the Philippine Standards or listed by an
organization which is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.
D. The electrical service shall be 230V, line to ground, single phase.
E. The service equipment and all other equipment shall be provided
with adequate and proper grounding.
 General Notes/Specifications
F. Conductors and conduits shall be as indicated in the
computation load schedule, or single line diagram.
G. All wiring shall be in PVC conduit and shall be embedded when
running thru concrete except when otherwise noted.
H. Service entrance conduit, from the service head to the electric
meter, shall be exposed galvanized rigid steel conduit.
I. All wiring devices shall be flush mounted and grounding type.
J. Mounting height of convenience outlets shall be 30cm from the
floor level.
K. Layout dimension are approximate and intended as installation
guides only.
L. All inconsistencies shall be brought to the attention of the PEE
who signed and sealed the drawings, computations, load
schedule, specifications, and other documents.
 Review of the Design Requirements
• Schedule of Loads.
This is a load tabulation which indicates the following:
a. Branch circuit for each load or combination of loads
b. Rating of each load and the corresponding computations
c. Source of electric power and rating of service equipment protective
device and disconnect
d. Number of phases, type and the size of wiring
e. Service entrance, feeder, subfeeder, etc.

• Single Line or Riser Diagram

This shows a comprehensive interconnection, size, and rating of the
service drop/lateral, service entrance, service equipment, feeder,
subfeeders, load centers, and panelboard. This is necessary in the
computation of short circuit current and voltage drops.
Schedule of Loads
Riser Diagram
Meralco Service Entrance Design
Review of the Design Requirements
Title Block
This is a standard strip of 40 mm height at the bottom of the
sheet and contains the following:
a. Name and location of installation or project
b. Name, signature and address of owner/manager/operator
c. Name, signature and seal of Professional Electrical
Engineer together with his PRC license number and
validity, Professional Tax Receipt Number and Tax
Identification Number
d. Sheet contents
e. Scale
f. Drawing and sheet number
g. Others. The complete requirements are shown in Article 1.3
of PEC 1 2009
Review of the Design Requirements
• Design Analysis
This is a computation or selection of the following:
a. Size/type/number of wires and size/type of conduits for
branch circuits, sub-feeders, feeders, busways and service
entrance
b. Type, rating and trip setting of overload protective devices
c. Short circuit current and interrupting capacity of overcurrent
protection device.
 Electrical Design of a Single Storey, and
Single Occupancy Residential Building

General
• Although the electrical design of a low-rise residential
building is already a project design subject in most
colleges, it is discussed here because the design
processes, criteria, methods, requirements of the owners,
architect, electric utility, and others are almost similar to the
electrical design of a high-rise condominium building.
Design Processes
• In most cases, the electrical design starts from an
architectural layout and other drawings, such as the
drawing shown in Figure 1.
 Lighting, Power and
Service Equipment Layout
 Detailed Design

• Preparations
With the architectural layout and other drawings, the
development of the initial electrical design starts. A
preliminary arrangement of the electrical plan requirements
helps in the determination of the number of drawing sets to
be prepared to avoid overcrowding in the electrical plan.
Considering the size of this building, the entire electrical
plan requirements can be accommodated in two (2) sets of
size 500 mm x 760 mm sheets, without overcrowding the
electrical plan.
 Lighting, Power and
Service Equipment Layout