Topic #8

DVD
(Digital Video Disc/Digital Versatile Disc)
1 History
Who made it? Where did it came from?
 DVD
(Digital Video Disc/Digital Versatile Disc)
Is a type of optical disc used for data storage and as a platform
for multimedia. Its most prominent commercial application is for
playing back recorded motion pictures and television programs
(hence the designation “digital video disc”), though read-only,
recordable, and even erasable and rewritable versions can be
used on personal computers to store large quantities of almost
any kind of data (hence “digital versatile disc”).

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 It all started with a competition
◇ In 1994–95 two competing formats were introduced, the
Multimedia CD (MMCD) of Sony and Philips and the Super
Density (SD) disc of a group led by the Toshiba
Corporation and Time Warner Inc.
◇ IBM’s president, Lou Gerstner, led an effort to unite the two
camps behind a single standard.
◇ Philips and Sony abandoned their MMCD format and agreed
upon Toshiba’s SD format with two modifications that are
both related to the servo tracking technology.
◇ By the end of 1995 the competing groups had agreed on a
common format, to be known as DVD, that combined
elements of both proposals, and in 1996 the first DVD
players went on sale in Japan.

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 It made a mark in the history
◇ The world’s first DVD player was the Toshiba SD-3000, launched in
November 1996.
◇ The first DVD players and discs were made available in November
1996 in Japan, March 1997 in the United States, 1998 in Europe and
in 1999 in Australia.
◇ By 2003 DVD sales and rentals topped those of VHS; during the
week of June 15, 2003 (27.7M rentals DVD vs. 27.3M rentals VHS in
the U.S.).
◇ Major U.S. retailers Circuit City and Best Buy stopped selling VHS
tapes in 2002 and 2003, respectively.
◇ In June 2005, Wal-Mart and several other retailers announced plans
to phase out the VHS format entirely, in favor of the more popular
DVD format.

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2 Uses of a DVD
How can we use it?
 ◇ Most commonly they’re used for movies or TV shows
according to the DVD Video standard, which allows for
standard definition video and digital surround sound up to
6.1 channels.
◇ DVDs can also be used for video game releases. The
Playstation 2 was the first video game console to store its
games on DVDs, and it was followed by the Xbox and Xbox
360. The Wii used a proprietary disc format that was
physically identical to DVD but encoded differently.
◇ DVDs can also be used to store data of any type; software
programs are often distributed on DVD, and recordable
DVDs in the DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW and DVD+RW
formats can be “burned” by home users to hold any sort of
files they want - documents, music, photos, videos,
programs, et cetera - for reading in a computer DVD drive.

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 ◇ You can always use DVDs as drink coasters or hang them in
your garden to ward off birds with their shiny reflective
surfaces.
◇ Burn any video file to a playable DVD, In most cases, the
idea of burning nearly any flick to a playable DVD is a lot
easier than the implementation. Adam's run down an app
and a method, however, to burning any video file to a
playable video DVD
◇ Boot a custom operating system from a DVD, It's certainly
not a trick you can't pull off with a CD, but putting a live-
booting operating system on a DVD gives you a lot more
space to fit the apps you really want and use, along with
any files you keep going back to.

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3 Size and Capacities of a DVD
How much can it hold? Is it space friendly?
 ◇ There are two physical sizes: 12 cm (4.7 inches) and 8 cm (3.1
inches), both 1.2 mm thick. These are the same form factors as CD. A
DVD disc can be single-sided or double-sided. Each side can have
one or two layers of data.

◇ The amount of video a disc can hold depends on how much audio
accompanies it and how heavily the video and audio are
compressed.

◇ The oft-quoted figure of 133 minutes is apocryphal: a DVD with only

◇ A rough average rate of 4.7 Mbps (3.5 Mbps for video, 1.2 Mbps for
three 5.1-channel soundtracks), a single-layer DVD holds around
135 minutes. A two-hour movie with three soundtracks can average
5.2 Mbps.

◇ A dual-layer disc can hold a two-hour movie at an average of 9.5

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 Storage Capacity
The amount of information that can be written is determined by the
disc’s recording capacity as well as the physical and logical formats
used. All writable DVD formats devote the same amount of usable
space to data (2,048 bytes per sector). DVD+R, DVD+RW and DVD-
RAM specify the number of sectors available for user. DVD and DVD-
RW, on the other hand, do not stipulate the number of sectors that are
dedicated to user information but simply that a minimum capacity
must be available on the disc. In the case of DVD-R (version 1.0) this is
3.95 (12 cm) and 1.23 (8 cm) billion bytes and for DVD-R (Authoring),
DVD-R (General) and DVD-RW 4.7 (12 cm) and 1.46 (8 cm) billion
bytes. Consequently, real world capacity can vary slightly among discs
from different media manufacturers although many have informally
settled on 2,298,496 sectors (4,707,319,808 bytes) for a DVD-R
(General) 4.7 GB disc.

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 Advantages and
4 Disadvantages of a DVD
What are the advantages? Disadvantages?
 Advantages of DVD Disadvantages of DVD
 Very large capacity up to 4.7-9  DVD doesn’t fully support
Gb HDTV
 The quality of sound and  DVD uses digital compression,
picture is excellent and good poorly compressed audio or
for making them ideal for video may be blocky, fuzzy or
storing films with videos and harsh
sounds  Can be easily damaged by
 DVDs are now mass produced breaking or scratching
and relatively cheap  Some DVD players and drives
 DVD drives can read CDs can’t read CD-Rs and
recordable DVDs
 Easily available in every store
 Some discs don’t function
 DVDs supports the Multi-Audio
fully/don’t play at all in some
function
players
 DVDs support the subtitle
 Only specific forms of DVDs
display function that enables to
can be written once and then
change subtitle language
rewritten
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5 Brand Names
 Verbatim
Verbatim is basically a subsidiary of a
Japanese company that makes storage
medias products known as Mitsubishi
Kagaku Media. They produce various CDs
and DVD drives and are one of the best
sellers in the American market Verbatim is
originally an American company.

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 Sony
Sony has been one of the most famous
manufacturers of electronic goods and
equipment for years. Its roots are in Japan
but its branches spread all over the world.
There is no doubt that their storage devices
would be as awesome as their other
products are. They manufacture CDs and
DVDs and are widely sold in the American
market.

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 Panasonic
Sony has been one of the most famous
manufacturers of electronic goods and
equipment for years. Its roots are in Japan
but its branches spread all over the world.
There is no doubt that their storage devices
would be as awesome as their other
products are. They manufacture CDs and
DVDs and are widely sold in the American
market.

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 Thanks for listening!

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