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Explosive Welding

Explosive welding is a solid state welding process that uses high explosives to accelerate one material into another at very high velocity, forming a metallurgical bond. It was developed in the 1960s by Arnold Holtzman at DuPont and is commonly used to clad carbon steel with corrosion-resistant alloys. Key factors that affect the process include the jet formation between materials, their stand-off distance and collision angle, and the velocity of detonation of the explosive used. It allows for dissimilar materials and large workpieces to be joined without melting.

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Bimurta Das
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93 views13 pages

Explosive Welding

Explosive welding is a solid state welding process that uses high explosives to accelerate one material into another at very high velocity, forming a metallurgical bond. It was developed in the 1960s by Arnold Holtzman at DuPont and is commonly used to clad carbon steel with corrosion-resistant alloys. Key factors that affect the process include the jet formation between materials, their stand-off distance and collision angle, and the velocity of detonation of the explosive used. It allows for dissimilar materials and large workpieces to be joined without melting.

Uploaded by

Bimurta Das
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPLOSIVE

WELDING

Presented by

BIMURTA DAS, 10300816044


DARPAN MAITY, 10300816043
KESHAV KUMAR, 10300816042

6th Semester UG Students, Deptt. Of


PE, HIT, Haldia.
INTRODUCTION TO EXPLOSIVE WELDING

 Explosive welding is a solid state or solid phase process where welding is


accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high
velocity through the use of chemical explosives.

 This process is most commonly utilized to clad carbon steel plate with a thin
layer of corrosion resistant material (e.g. Stainless steel, nickel alloy, titanium
or zirconium). Due to the nature of the process, producible geometries are
very limited. Typical geometries produced include plates, turning and tube
sheets.
HISTORY

 Arnold Holtzman and a team at DuPont in Dalaware put a lot of research into
developing the process.
 Holtzman filed for a US patent in 1962 for explosion welding, received a patent
in 1964 and began commercial production of bi-metallic explosion welded clad
in 1965.
 Dataclad licensed the process and was bought by Dynamic Materials
Corporation(DMC).
 Other companies have merged with DMC and acquired the current name DMC
Groupe SNPE making them a worldwide company.
TERMINOLOGY OF COMPONENTS

 Anvil
 Flyer plate
 Parent Plate
 Explosive layer
 Buffer
 Bonding operation
PRINCIPLE OF EXPLOSION
 Cladder material can be placed parallel or inclined to the base
plate.
 Explosive material is distributed over the top of the cladder
material.
 Waves are generated so due to mechanical bond joining takes
place.
 A single detonation cap can be used to ignite the explosive.
THE PROCESS
CRITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING EXPLOSIVE WELDING
PHENOMENON
1. Jet formation
2. Stand-off distance
3. Collision Angle
4. Velocity of detonation

Detonation velocity is a function of


 Explosive type

 Composition of explosive

 Thickness of explosive layer


EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS

 High Velocity(4572-7620 m/s)


i. Trinitrotoluene(TNT)
ii. Cyclotrymethylenetrinitramine(RDX)
iii. Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate(PETN)

 Mid_low velocity(1524-4572 m/s)


i. Ammonium Nitrate
ii. Ammonium parchlorate
iii. Amatol
iv. Nitroguonidine
v. Dynamites
vi. Diluted PETN
ADVANTAGES

• Very large work pieces can be welded.


• Can bond many dissimilar, normally unweldable metals.
• Material melting temperatures and coefficients of thermal expansion.
differences do not affect the final product.
• Process is compact, portable and easy to maintain.
• Welding can be achieved quickly over large areas.
• No need for surface penetration.
• Backer plate has no size limits.
• Inexpensive.
• No heat-affected zone (HAZ).
DISADVANATGES

 Metals must have high enough impact resistance and ductility.


 The geometrics wielded must be simple-flat, cylindrical and
conical.
 The cladding plate can’t be too large.
 Noise & blast can require worker protection, vacuum chambers
and buried in sand/water.
APPLICATIONS

o Cladding of base metals with thinner alloys e.g. cladding of Ti with mild steel.
o Seam and lap welds.
o Reinforcing aerospace materials with dissimilar metal ribs.
o Heat exchangers.
o Tubular transition joints.
o Used as a repair tool for repairing leaking tube-to-tube sheet joints.
o Spot welding.
o Flat plates.
o Joining of pipes in socket joints.
EXAMPLES

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