Scribd
Upload
79 views21 pages

Shear Strength of Soil-1

The document discusses shear strength of soil. It defines geostate stress as the total stress in soil due to self-weight and water when the ground surface is horizontal. Effective stress is the stress carried by the solid grains of soil and is responsible for its shear strength. The document explains the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, which states that the maximum shear stress a soil can sustain is equal to its effective cohesion plus the normal effective stress multiplied by the effective angle of internal friction. Shear failure occurs when the shear stress along a failure surface reaches the shear strength of the soil.

Uploaded by

Kavita Naik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
79 views21 pages

Shear Strength of Soil-1

The document discusses shear strength of soil. It defines geostate stress as the total stress in soil due to self-weight and water when the ground surface is horizontal. Effective stress is the stress carried by the solid grains of soil and is responsible for its shear strength. The document explains the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, which states that the maximum shear stress a soil can sustain is equal to its effective cohesion plus the normal effective stress multiplied by the effective angle of internal friction. Shear failure occurs when the shear stress along a failure surface reaches the shear strength of the soil.

Uploaded by

Kavita Naik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

Shear strength of soil

Unit 2
Geotechnical Engg

Annapurna Sakhardande
Asst Professor
Don Bosco College of Engineering
PRE-REQUISITES
• Geostate Stress
When ground surface is horizontal and when the
nature of soil does not vary significantly in
horizontal direction (eg. In sedimentary
deposits) the total stress at any point- Geostate
Stress
GEOSTATE Stress is due to self weight and water in soil column

Here soil is just sitting and feeling its weight


σx and σy are present while τ is absent

Once fill/foundation etc is constructed σx and σy increases, however τ is


absent

In geostate condition there can not be any shear stress upon the vertical
and horizontal planes
In case of saturated soils Total Stress (σ) will
have two parts
1. Effective stress or intergranular stress (σ’)
2. Pore water pressure or neutral stress (U)

σ’= σ -U
Effective stress
• When a load is applied to soil, it is carried by
the water in the pores as well as the solid
grains.
• The increase in pressure within the porewater
causes drainage (flow out of the soil), and the
load is transferred to the solid grains.
• Effective stress is a non measurable factor
• Total stress- Pressure cell
• Pore water pressure- piezometer
PRESSURE CELL-SOIL

Gives pressure in all 4


directiions

PEIZOMETER- reads
head
• Effective stress directly controls voids ratio of
soil and is responsible for mobilizing shear
strength of soil
• Compression and shear strength are function
of σ’ and are independent of U
Total stress (σ)
• It is equal to weight of everything above that
point per unit area (overburden pressure)
Assume conditions Drained layer Undrained layer
short - term effective stress total stress
long - term effective stress effective stress
Total stress (σ) is equal to the sum of effective stress (σ’)
and pore water pressure (u) or, alternatively, effective
stress is equal to total stress minus pore water pressure.
Now assume the block is sand, what if the ground water
level is at a depth hw below the ground level,
σ = γ hw + γSAT ( h – hw)
The pore pressure is u = γw ( h – hw )

So the effective stress is;


σ’ = σ – u = γ hw + γSAT(h – hw ) - γw ( h– hw )
Capillary pressure (Uc)
• Slightly wet soils have more friction than dry
soils
• Hence we are able to mould them
• σ’= σ –(-Uc)
Shear failure of soils
Soils generally fail in shear

Embankment

Strip footing

Failure surface

Mobilized shear
resistance

At failure, shear stress along the failure surface


(mobilized shear resistance) reaches the shear strength.
Shear failure of soils
Soils generally fail in shear

Retaining
wall
Shear failure of soils
Soils generally fail in shear

Mobilized
Retaining
shear
wall
resistance

Failure
surface

At failure, shear stress along the failure surface


(mobilized shear resistance) reaches the shear strength.
Shear failure mechanism

failure surface

The soil grains slide


over each other along
the failure surface.

No crushing of
individual grains.
Shear failure mechanism


At failure, shear stress along the failure surface ()


reaches the shear strength (f).
Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion
(in terms of total stresses)

 f  c   tan

Friction
Cohesio
n f angle
c

f is the maximum shear stress the soil can take without


failure, under normal stress of .
Mohr-Coulomb Failure
Criterion (in
 terms of effective stresses)

 f  c' ' tan


'  ' u
u = pore water
Effective ’ pressure
cohesion Effective
f friction angle
c’
’ ’

f is the maximum shear stress the soil can take without


failure, under normal effective stress of ’.
Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion
Shear strength consists of two
components: cohesive and frictional.

 f  c' ' f tan  '


f
’f tan ’ frictional
’ component

c’ c’
’f '
c and  are measures of shear strength.

Higher the values, higher the shear strength.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy