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Social Institutions Group Work

The document discusses several social institutions including the family, marriage, kinship, economy, education, health, and religion. It outlines the key roles and functions of these institutions as well as different perspectives on how they are understood and organized in society.

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117 views37 pages

Social Institutions Group Work

The document discusses several social institutions including the family, marriage, kinship, economy, education, health, and religion. It outlines the key roles and functions of these institutions as well as different perspectives on how they are understood and organized in society.

Uploaded by

jajaja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SOCIAL

INSTITUTIONS
{ UCSP Lecture 3 ; 2nd Quarter
These are particular segments
of society where social,
cultural, and political roles
exist.

Institutions
Units of society where behavior
patterns are shared & played.

These are particular segments of


society where social, cultural,
and political roles exist,

Institutions
1. Obstruct social
1. Provide ready- progress through
made form of rigid and
social roles stabilized social
2. Tend to control behavior
behavior by social 2. Frustrate social
pressures personality of the
3. Provide means individual
of security 3. Diffuse social
responsibility

Routine Functions of
Institutions
 Organized sets of elements that exist
to attain social order.

 Refers to organized sets of elements


such as beliefs, rules, practices, and
relationships that exist to attain social
order.

Social Institutions
 Institutional Approach- social
institutions are ordered set of rules,
norms, beliefs, or values that
organize human behavior.

 Relational Approach- Focuses on


social relations rather than rules,
laws, norms, beliefs, or values.

Perspectives in
understanding Social
Institutions
THE FAMILY,
{ MARRIAGE AND
KINSHIP
 Is a vital social institution.

 Foundation of the nation


according to 1987 Constitution.

 Group of people who are related


by birth, marriage, and a shared
residence.

FAMILY
KINDS OF FAMILIES
1. Nuclear Families- Composed of parents and children

2. Extended Families- Composed of nuclear family and


other relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc.

3. Reconstituted Families- Composed of spouses ad their


children from previous marriage

4. Single-Parent Families

5. Same-sex Families

6. Childless Families
 Social structure defined by relations
among individuals linked by blood or
marriage ties.

 Kinship has been found to have a


significant influence in defining the
social status of individuals in many
societies.

KINSHIP
KINSHIP BASED ON DESCENT

1. Matrilineal- one’s descent is based on the


female line
2. Patrilineal- one’s descent is based on the male
line
3. Bilineal- descent system based on both the
male and female lines.
1. Monogamous- a spouse cannot
have more than one spouse
2. Polygamous- a person can have
more than one spouse
a) Polygyny- husbands take
many wives
b) Polyandry- wife takes many
husbands

TYPES OF
MARRIAGES
{ THE ECONOMY
 The economy is an institution that
addresses questions regarding
limited resources of society.

 Addresses questions such as, what


to produce? How are products
going to be produced? How much
are these products?

ECONOMY
 According to Adam Smith, the
market has a self-regulating
mechanism.

 The consumers and suppliers are


free to decide for themselves in
participating in market activities,
therefore, there is no need for state
intervention in the economy.

LIBERAL
ECONOMIST
 The bourgeoisie or the capitalist controls
the means of production and they have
overwhelming control in a free market
economy

 Bourgeoisie are those who are involved


in the financial sector, industrialist, and
owners of corporations. They are also
the minority in the society therefore
wealth is concentrated to a few people.

SOCIALISTS’
PERSPECTIVE
PROLETARIAT (LABORERS)

MARKET AND STATE


BURGEOISIE’S
PRIVATE PROPERTY

STATE

Equal Distribution of
Economic Resources
Society can only
be changed
through
REVOLUTION
Structural change
in society that
 Meeting all needs of its will pave way for
members
COMMUNISM.
 Altering free market
system controlled by
bankers and
industrialists
 John Maynard Keynes argued that while the
economy should be left with so-called
‘invisible hand of the market’, there would be
instances when the government must be ready
to intervene to prevent market failures.

 Market Failure- refers to cases when the


market becomes inefficient due to imperfect
competition, imperfect information, and the
like.

KEYNESIAN
ECONOMICS
Market Failure /
Inefficient Market
imperfect
information and the
imperfect like
competition

e.g., Recession &


Monopoly

Government
intervention
EDUCATIONAL
{ AND HEALTH
INSTITUTIONS
 Schools do not only ensure a
literate population, they also
transmit culture.
 Cultural institutions that serve
as depositories and preservers
of culture.
 Provides a sense of shared
history and national culture.

EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTIONS
MARKET-ORIENTED
SOCIETY

Equips students vital skills education should be


needed for work. agents of change and
provide universal
education regardless of
social status
Marxists
Exploitive measures
used by the education was limited to
bourgeoisie in order to
promote alienation
the elite and men
 Primarily established to ensure
public health and to provide
universal health services.

 Also ensure that individuals


has access to health services to
promote universal public
health.

HEALTH INSTITUTIONS
Western Health Systems Traditional or Alternative
Health System
based on science and the health systems that have
skills of health workers been in existence even
are standardized and before the introduction of
learned from health western health systems
sciences schools. Patients (i.e. binat, pasma, etc.).
They make use of more
are being treated based
natural methods of healing
on standardized
and natural medicines as
diagnostic practices. well.

TYPES OF HEALTH
INSTITUTIONS
{ RELIGION
 An institution that involves a
set of beliefs and practices of a
particular social group.

 The beliefs of religious groups


affect the behaviour of their
members.

RELIGION
Church
a group that
has
universal
membership

ORGANIZATION
OF RELIGION
Sect
organized
into an
exclusive
group
MONOTHEISTIC
Believes in one
God.

CLASSIFICATION

POLYTHEISTIC
Believes in many
Gods.
ANIMISM
belief system that holds
both animate and
inanimate things have a
spiritual essence.
E.g., Shintoism
& Jainism
RELIGION
ACCORDING TO
MARX
 Religion is the ‘opiate of the masses’
 Its role is to justify the sufferings

experienced by proletariats.
 It is part of the societies superstructure and a

product of society’s economic realities.


 Marx further argued that religion is used by
capitalists to further oppress the proletariats
and tool to dominate the less powerful.
RELIGION
ACCORDING TO MAX
WEBER
 Religion is a factor for economic
development.
 Example: if a religion emphasizes on
hard work and frugality it may
translate into a more developed
economy. It contributes to the
accumulation of capital which is
important toward industrialization
RELIGION
ACCORDING TO
AUGUST COMTE
 Proposed that the dominance of religion of
the theological phase of the development
of society.
 Mysticism → Abstract Ideas → Scientific
Phase → Secularization Process
 Theocracies – Societies or states in which
governments are under powerful religious
leaders
 Liberation Theology - e.g., Catholic
Church opposing dictators;
addressing issues on poverty;
extremists groups that pervert the
doctrines of certain religions
Conceptualize your ideal social
institution/s in a graphic
organizer. Explain your work in
no less than 5 sentences. Write it
in a short bond paper.

HOMEWORK

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