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Var Kala

Varkala is a town in Kerala, India known for its red laterite cliffs along the Arabian Sea coast. The cliffs are 80 feet high and run parallel to the coastline, creating a unique geological feature and scenic views. Tourism is a major industry in Varkala, bringing economic opportunities but also environmental and infrastructure challenges. In particular, increased development is putting pressure on the fragile cliff formations and coastal landscape. While tourism provides jobs and income, its rapid growth is transforming the urban form and traditional way of life.

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791 views13 pages

Var Kala

Varkala is a town in Kerala, India known for its red laterite cliffs along the Arabian Sea coast. The cliffs are 80 feet high and run parallel to the coastline, creating a unique geological feature and scenic views. Tourism is a major industry in Varkala, bringing economic opportunities but also environmental and infrastructure challenges. In particular, increased development is putting pressure on the fragile cliff formations and coastal landscape. While tourism provides jobs and income, its rapid growth is transforming the urban form and traditional way of life.

Uploaded by

insha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LOCATION AT  Varkala is the only place in southern Kerala

TRIVANDRUM where cliffs are found adjacent to the


Arabian Sea.

It is a very ideal tourist spot surrounded by the greenery,


beautiful meadows, deep puzzling valleys and dales
ATTRACTIONS  Varkala is a heaven for sun-bathing and
OF THE AREA swimming.
 The evening views of the sunset
 Small restaurants and snack counters
 Numerous water sports and spas.
THE CLIFF

These tertiary sedimentary


formed cliffs are a unique
geological feature on the
otherwise flat Kerala coast

These cliffs are the only


place in west coast of the
country where sediments in
the mio-pliocene age (13
lakh-2.5 crore years old) are
exposed.

Unique due to the presence of 80 feet high


red laterite cliffs.

These cliffs runs parallel to the coastline


with numerous mineral water springs
ANALYSIS
 The entrance to the Papanasam beach is the spiritual zone where
people offer ‘Vavubali ‘.
 A small stream originating from this cliff separates this zone from
tourist activity zone.
 The built form of the newly built star hotel in this zone is a contrast
to the tranquil landscape.

The shallow beach has an enclosed profile due to the presence of


towering laterite cliffs running parallel to the coast and creates an
intimate scale..

The pedestrian walkway on top of the cliff starting from the beach
entrance towards north is a favorite spot for the tourists as it offers
spectacular views of the sea

During peak tourist season from November to march this stretch


undergoes a drastic transformation. The residential settlements
located near the pathway are transformed to provide various
facilities for the tourists such as shops, boutiques, hotels & various
types of tourist accommodation.
 Tourism developments are predominantly seen
on the northern cliff starting from Papanasam
 There are about 102 resorts of different classes
concentrated within the distance of 1.5 km from
Papanasam on the north cliff
 The heritage zone comprising of
Janardanaswamy temple & Agraharams are
located on the southern cliff.
INFERENCE
 Tourism provides an opportunity for local economic
development through small and medium
enterprises like shops, restaurants and travel
agencies.
 Providing various types of home-stay
accommodation for tourists is a major economic
activity during season.
 The hospitality and language skills of the local
people are enhanced by their interactions with
tourists
 It promoted infrastructural development and gave
more opportunities to people in the region
 There is increase in crime levels due to tourism. It
disrupts their life through traffic congestion, parking
problems, excessive noise etc during peak seasons
 Many larger hotels and restaurants in the region are run
by businessmen from outside which results in siphoning
of income due to 'leakage effect’.
 The laterite cliffs are getting eroded during monsoons
every year due to increased human activities on the
edges as well as sea erosion.
 Increase in construction activity within the 50m 'no
construction zone on top of the cliff as well increased
vehicular traffic through the pedestrian path on the cliff
is the two major activities to be controlled.
 Land value is increasing tremendously with tourism
growth and this accelerates the rate of
commercialisation.
 Solid waste accumulation on the beach is another major
concern Hotels and restaurants located near the beach
are the main sources of this waste.
 Even tourists contribute by throwing plastic bottles. The
small stream running into the sea gets polluted with
garbage from hotels and resorts during the season.
 The existing urban form of Papanasam area was a low
density scattered homestead type of development with
most houses located in large plots surrounded by
coconut palms.
 As a result of tourism industry, vacant plots in
Papanasam are getting built up for providing different
types of tourism infrastructure like hotels, ayurvedic
resorts, restaurants, shops etc.
 This has resulted in increases in building density, changes
in urban form & architectural character.
 The stretch of paddy field from temple junction to edge of
the cliff along the right side of the beach road has almost
vanished now.
 Large scale developments for multi-storey hotels are seen
mainly along beach road.
 There is no uniformity in the architectural character of the
buildings here.
 There is another commercial ribbon development seen
along the 1.5m wide pedestrian pathway running along
the edge of the cliff which falls within the 50m ‘No
construction zone' in CRZ I.
 There is a low rise development of temporary
thatched structures in the form of shops,
restaurants and ayurvedic centres abutting the
pathway.
 Beyond this stretch are residential areas which are
undergoing transformations for providing various
kinds of tourist .
 Lots of construction activities are taking place in
residential and agricultural zone for building tourist
resorts as well as for making additions and
alterations to the existing houses for home-stays.
 All these result in increased pedestrian as well as
vehicular traffic through the pathway on the top
exerting pressure on the fragile edges of the
laterite cliff formations which are falling off at
many places
THANKYOU
AAMY
HASNA
INSHA
JEWEL

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