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Analogy

The document discusses different types of analogies and provides examples of each. It explains that an analogy compares two things or ideas to highlight similarities. The main types discussed are synonyms, antonyms, part to whole, category/type, object to function, performer to related action, cause and effect, degree of intensity, and symbolism & representation. Examples of analogies for each type are given along with explanations. The document concludes with some practice analogy questions to complete.

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225 views41 pages

Analogy

The document discusses different types of analogies and provides examples of each. It explains that an analogy compares two things or ideas to highlight similarities. The main types discussed are synonyms, antonyms, part to whole, category/type, object to function, performer to related action, cause and effect, degree of intensity, and symbolism & representation. Examples of analogies for each type are given along with explanations. The document concludes with some practice analogy questions to complete.

Uploaded by

carla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BONE

FLYING
SWIMMING
• Because of the relationship
between the two object.
• Comparison between two things
or ideas to highlight some point
of similarity. It is a way to clarify
an idea or an unfamiliar concept
by comparing it to something
familiar.
• An analogy is used to refer to the
relationship between the target
and the source of information. It
is used as a process of
transferring information from a
particular target to another
target which is similar to the
other one.
TYPES OF ANALOGIES
Type of Analogy Relationship

Type Relationship Example

Synonym is similar in meaning to lucky : fortunate

Antonym is similar in opposite to lament : rejoice

Part to Whole is a part of stanza : poem

Category/Type is a type/kind of college : art


Object to
is used to ruler : measure
Function

Performer to
does/performs chef : cook
Related Action

is a cause or tornado :
Cause and Effect
indication of destruction
Degree of
is a small or large irritate : enrage
Intensity

Symbol and
is a symbol of dove : peace
Representation
SYNONYMS
• Synonyms are words that have
the same or nearly the same
meaning as another word. In this
type of analogy, you will need to
find words that are parallel in
meaning.
SMART: INTELLIGNET:: PRETTY:_________
A. KIND
B. SMART
C. BEAUTIFUL
D. INDUSTRIOUS
ANTONYMS
• Some analogies are based on
antonyms-words that have
opposite meanings. In this
type of analogy, one word in
each pair means the opposite
of another.
RICH: POOR :: HUMBLE: ___________
A. BEE
B. DOWN TO EARTH
C. ARROGANT
D. WITTY
PART TO WHOLE
• This type of analogy expresses a
part to whole or part of
relationship. The first word will
be a part of the second word or
vice versa. For example, galaxy:
universe. In this pair, galaxy is a
part of the whole universe.
PARAGRAPH: ESSAY :: ACT : ________

A. PLAY
B. NOVEL
C. BOOK
D. POEM
CATEGORY/TYPE
• In this type of analogy
relationship, one word is
the element/member of a
group that the other word
describes.
OPM: MUSIC :: CARIŇOSA : ________

A. INSTRUMENT
B. SONG
C. DANCE
D. PAINTING
OBJECT TO FUNCTION
• This type of analogy tests
whether you can determine
the function of a specific thing
or tool. The first word will be a
part of the second word or
vice versa.
• For example, the function of a
shovel is to dig. Make sure the
function word (certainly a verb) is
the primary function of the
object (noun) that makes up the
other word of the pair.
NEEDLE : SEW :: SHIELD : __________

A. CARRY
B. PROTECT
C. HOLD
D. POINT
PERFORMER TO RELATED ACTION
• This kind of analogy usually links a
person or object with the action they
commonly perform. For example,
consider the pair doctor: diagnose.
Here the doctor’s job/profession is to
diagnose a patient and give
treatment.
BURGLAR: STEAL :: ARBITRATOR: ____

A. DIRECT
B. ORIENT
C. PAINT
D. JUDGE
CAUSE AND EFFECT
In this type of analogy, one
word in the pair describes a
condition or action, while the
other word describes an
outcome or effect to that action
or condition.
VIRUS: ILLNESS : : FLOOD: _________

A. RAIN
B. DESTRUCTION
C. HURRICANE
D. DROUGHT
DEGREE OF INTENSITY
• That is, the words in each pair have
similar meanings, but one word is
stronger, more intense, than the
other. For example, being fanatic is
an extreme range of being
enthusiastic. Though both words are
similar in meaning, one word is more
intense than the other one.
WELL : ROBUST : : THRIFTY : ________

A. FRUGAL
B. CAREFUL
C. MISERLY
D. PRUDENT
SYMBOLISM & REPRESENTATION

• This type of relationship


represents or symbolizes
the other word.
DOVE: PEACE :: HEART: ____________

A. MEEKNESS
B. EVIL
C. LOVE
D. ROYALTY
Directions: Supply the missing word to complete
the word analogy.

1. FLOWER: PETALS :: TREE:_________

A. FRUIT
B. STEM
C. TRUNK
D. LEAVES
2. BASKETBALL: DRIBBLE :: SOCCER :
_________

A. SMASH
B. KICK
C. HIT
D. SHOOT
3. BOOK: READING :: T.V. : _______

A.LISTENING
B.PLAYING
C. WATCHING
D.SLEEPING
4. TOM: JERRY :: DORA : ______

A.FINN
B.BOOTS
C.JAKE
D.SPONGEBOB
5. GRAPES: FRUIT :: CARROTS: ______

A. DESSERT
B. MEAL
C. DRINK
D. VEGETABLE
ANSWERS:
1.D. LEAVES
2.B. KICK
3.C. WATCHING
4.B. BOOTS
5.D. VEGETABLE

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