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Artificial Intelligence

This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence, including its history, current projects, and future directions. It discusses how AI has progressed from early work in the 1940s on neural networks to modern applications in areas like computer vision, robotics, data analysis, and machine learning. The document also notes challenges faced by early AI research due to limitations in computing power and knowledge, and how increasing computational abilities and data have helped fuel new AI advances.

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Monty Sharma
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442 views20 pages

Artificial Intelligence

This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence, including its history, current projects, and future directions. It discusses how AI has progressed from early work in the 1940s on neural networks to modern applications in areas like computer vision, robotics, data analysis, and machine learning. The document also notes challenges faced by early AI research due to limitations in computing power and knowledge, and how increasing computational abilities and data have helped fuel new AI advances.

Uploaded by

Monty Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 Intelligence

 Artificial Intelligence
 A brief history of AI
 Cool current projects in AI
 Ability to interact with the world (speech, vision,
motion, manipulation)
 Ability to model the world and to reason about it
 Ability to learn and to adapt
 To build systems that exhibit intelligent behavior
 To understand intelligence in order to model it
 Sometimes
 But sometimes we want AI systems to be better and
smarter than we are
 1943: McCulloch and Pitts propose a model of artificial
neurons
 1956 Minsky and Edmonds build first neural network
computer, the SNARC
 John McCarthy organizes a two-month workshop for
researchers interested in neural networks and the study
of intelligence
 Agreement to adopt a new name for this field of study:
Artificial Intelligence
 Arthur Samuel’s checkers player
 Shakey the robot
 Lots of work on neural networks
 AI problems appear to be too big and complex
 Computers are very slow, very expensive, and have
very little memory (compared to today)
 Birth of expert systems
 Idea is to give AI systems lots of information to start
with
 R1 becomes first successful commercial expert system
 Some interesting phone company systems for
diagnosing failures of telephone service
 Increases in computational power (computers are
cheaper, faster, and have tons more memory than they
used to)
 An example of the coolness of speed: Computer Chess
 2/96: Kasparov vs Deep Blue
◦ Kasparov victorious: 3 wins, 2 draws, 1 loss
 3/97: Kasparov vs Deeper Blue
◦ First match won against world champion
◦ 512 processors: 200 million chess positions per second

How do you think it works???


Mars rover
http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/home/index.html
Humanoid robots
http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/humanoid-robotics-
group/
Entertainment robots
http://www.us.aibo.com/
Vacuum cleaner robots: “Roomba”
 Looking for patterns in vast amounts of data that is just
too big for humans to analyze
 [c4.5 demos]
Automatic translation
http://world.altavista.com/
You type, it types back
http://www.mrmind.com/mrmind3
Movie ticket reservations by phone
1-800-Fandango
You talk, it types
IBM’s ViaVoice
Face recognition and enhancement
http://www.ri.cmu.edu/labs/lab_51.html
Automated driving - No Hands across America
Visual tracking systems
http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/research/demos/.index.html
http://www.aaai.org/Pathfinder/html/show.html

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