Chapter 1 Theories
Chapter 1 Theories
• Chapter 1 introduction to
Criminological theory
Presented by:
Almerian B. Tayobong
Theories of Crime Causation
• Overview of the word "theory"
• History
• Three theories of Criminal Behavior
• What is theory?
Search from the ff.
According to: APA, Dr. Caño, Dr. Tancangco,
Dr. Delizo, Webster, Merriam, william and
McShame, 2010-pdf.
Theories of Crime Causation
Science of the
human mind in
any of its:
•Aspects
•Operations
•Powers
•Functions
What is Psychology?
(Webster)
Systematic investigation
of mental phenomena,
especially those
associated with:
•Consciousness
•Behavior
•Problems of adjustment
to the environment
What is Psychology?
(Grolier)
Systematic study of
human and animal
behavior.
Psychological Approach
from Freudian notions
1.the individual is the primary unit of
analysis in psychological theories
2.personality is the major
motivational element that drives
behavior within individuals
3.normality is generally defined by
soscial consensus.
Psychological Approach
from Freudian notions
4. Crimes then would result from abnormal,
dysfunctional, or inappropriate mental
processes within the personality of the
individual
5. criminal behavior may be purposeful for the
individual insofar as it addresses certain felt
needs
6. defective or abnormal, mental processes may
have a variety of causes ex, a diseased mind,
inappropriate learning or improper
conditioning, the emulation of inaapropriate
role models and adjustment to inner conflicts.
(Mishcel, 1968)
Psychological Approach
some assumption
• Operant learning Models
–traditional imprisonment , fines and
other sanction
• Utilitarian Concepts
–pain and pleasure
• Skinnerian Concepts
– reinforcement work better
Sociological Approach
• Attempting to connect to the issues
of the individual's criminality with the
broader social structures and
cultural values of society, family or
peer group.
• How the contradictions of all of these
interacting groups contribute to
criminality.
Sociological Approach
• The ways these structures cultures
and contradictions has historically
developed.
• the current processes of change that
these groups are undergoing
• criminality is viewed from the point
of view of the social construction of
criminality and its social causes.
Behaviorism
Scientific Psychology should focus on
observable behavior.
Psych the Science of Behavior
Mental Processes cannot
John Watson
(1878-1958) be studied directly
Stimulus
Response
Psychology
Ivan Pavlov
Who is a Psychologist?
(Grolier)
One who tries to understand why living
beings –
•Act the way they do
•How they grow up
•How they learn and change
•How they differ from one another
•How do they get in trouble or become
disturbed
Psychology is Empirical
Knowledge acquired through observation
Biological Clinical
Psychology Psychoanalytic
Perspective Perspective
Dreams
Psych & Sociohistorical Context
Trends & Issues Advances In
In Society Psychology
Personal
Space
Value of
Education
Punctuality
Social
Norms
Influence of Heredity &
Environment
Both Determine
Our Experience
of the World
Do you recognize the image?
What boy’s doing?
What is Criminology?