Emerging Technology

Paper: 3D Printing
INFOTE S20 - GROUP 1
Alindao | Cordero | Guinto | Penus | Santos
 “
Outline

1. Technology Description
2. SWOT Analysis
3. Industry Applications
4. Cost Benefit Analysis
5. Ethical Implications
6. Nation Building Implications
 1.
TECHNOLOGY
DESCRIPTION
3D Printing

▹ 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making 1

three dimensional solid objects from a digital file.

▹ In an additive process an object is created by laying down

successive layers of material until the object is created. Each
of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-
section of the eventual object.

▹ 3D printing is the opposite of subtractive manufacturing

which is cutting out / hollowing out a piece of metal or plastic
with, for instance, a milling machine.
3D Printing (Discovery)
Chuck W. Hull
▹ He created the first 3D printer,
Stereolithography.
▹ One of the co-founders of 3D
Systems, which is the first 3D
company in the world.
2

Stereolithography

▹ It is a machine that enables

users to create tangible
objects by exposing a UV laser
beam to an acrylic-based
material known as
photopolymer.
3D Printing (Techniques)

FDM SLA SLS

(Fused Deposition (Stereolithography) (Selective Laser
Modelling) Sintering)
3
3D Printing (Trends)

The world's longest 3D printed

pedestrian bridge
The single-arch structure was created using a 3D printing
concrete. Enclosing the 3.6-meter width, the bridge’s handrails
are shaped like flowing ribbons on the arch, creating a light,
elegant movement across the Shanghai Wisdom Bay pond.
3D Printing (Trends)

NASA
Setting up a lunar base could be
made much simpler by using a 3D
printer to build it from local
materials

JEWELRIES
Gold is 3D printed for the first time
by Cookson Precious Metals.
 2.
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strengths

● Accuracy of complex designs

● Reduces construction waste
Weaknesses
● Minimizes transportation
cost ● High capital cost
● Can be used to repair objects ● Varying quality of products
● High product quality ● Longer printing hours
● Availability of
materials/filaments

Opportunities 5
● Introduction of advanced
machine
● Printing of smart
materials Threats

● Impact on the environment

● Competitive industry
● 4D Technology
 3.
INDUSTRY
APPLICATIONS
 “ Healthcare

Consumer
Goods

Construction

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 Healthcare
112,558
People needing an organ transplant in the United States as of February 2020

73,009
People are active waiting list candidates
13

1,644
Donors as of January 2020

Bioprinting is an additive process wherein it uses bio-inks made

from cells to print tissue-like structures that imitate natural
tissues layer by layer.
Source: United Network for Organ Sharing
Bioengineered hearts

Scientists from Carnegie Mellon University developed a technique to print full-

scale heart components and parts for biocompatible cardiac support.
○ MRI data of the human heart to replicate the patient-specific structure, then bio-
printing will be applied using collagen and human heart cells

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Dental

○ Transparent aligners
and night guards

○ Dental Crowns

Printing could be done in the dentist’s clinic or in dental laboratories but either way
3D printing brings a new level of speed and ease to conventional procedures.
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Consumer Goods

Companies can use 3D printing to remain

competitive within an ever-changing market
landscape and meet the rapidly changing needs and
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tastes of consumer groups.

▹ Create customized products in small quantities

in real-time.
Footwear

In 2018, Adidas mass-printed 100,000 sturdy custom-molded midsoles for their

AlphaEdge 4D collection crafted by Carbon, a digital manufacturing platform

Outsole is made of
Continental™ rubber to
give the user more grip
Open lattice midsole
and traction
supports and cushions
the feet exactly where
needed

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Construction

With this technology, a custom home can be

printed with less waste, faster lead time, and at a
lower cost compared to traditional home building
methods.
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In March 2019, New Story, a housing non-profit organization in San
Francisco, USA, and Icon, a construction-technology company, managed
to create a $10,000 350-square-foot house in just 48 hours.

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 4.
COST BENEFIT
ANALYSIS
21
 3D Printing
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Traditional Housing
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 5.
ETHICAL
IMPLICATIONS
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
▹ Right of an inventor to have exclusive rights to his/her
ideas and use those ideas to one’s benefit and advantage

▹ Increase in availability of repositories for open source

designs and other materials for 3D printing.

▹ Now easy to copy ideas and have them reproduced

without consent and be used for personal advantage

SECURITY ISSUES
▹ Can be used to produce firearms and take part in crimes
and terrorism

▹ Home based designs not covered by safety standards

HEALTHCARE
▹ Bioprinting is time consuming and therefore costly. There
are concerns that it can only be afforded by the rich.

▹ Access to healthcare is a basic right and should be

available to all and not just for the rich

▹ Not a one size fits all. There’s a possibility of organs being

rejected by the human body 27

UNHEALTHY AIR EMISSIONS

▹ 3D printing filaments are hazardous to one’s health

▹ ABS and resin filaments can emit nanoparticles which can

be inhaled and penetrate the human body
UNEMPLOYMENT
▹ Traditional craftsmanship and manufacturing will be
eliminated and will replaced by digital jobs.

CYBER ATTACKS
▹ Printed designs might be hacked and objects might not be
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printed to its intended design

FOOD SAFETY
▹ Some filaments are not safe for food and may contain
toxins

▹ Printers can be inhabited by bacteria which maybe

transferred to human food
RECOMMENDATION
▹ Strengthen laws and regulations involving 3D printing

▹ Monitor and control online repositories

▹ Encrypt and copyright design files

▹ Intellectual Property law in the Philippines which is RA

8293 needs to be updated as it is too broad to cover 3D
printing in terms of Intellectual property
 6.
NATION
BUILDING
 DISASTER RELIEF

Field Ready was able to produce

the much needed supplies after
the devastating earthquake in
Nepal in April 2015

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ECONOMICAL HOUSING
Framlab spearheaded a project
named “Homed” where they
produced a 3D printed hexagonal
modules to produce micro-
neighborhoods in the city.
STYLISH PROSTHETICS
FOR CHILD AMPUTEE
Glaze Prosthetics offers
customized 3D prostheses. They
came up with a solution to aid the
amputees to change their
condition into an edge and to
provide them with a superhero
prosthetics 32

SMARTPHONE
MICROSCOPE
University in Australia produced a
3D printable clip-on which turns a
smartphone into an operational
microscope.
 SAVING CORAL REEFS
Fabien Cousteau has been a
supporter in producing artificial
3D printed coral into the reefs.
Marine species can grow and live
while being surrounded by the 3D
coral reefs.
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3D BIOPRINTED
ORGANS
Kaiba Gionfriddo was born with
tracheobronchomalacia. Engineers
were able to produce a 3D model of
the child’s trachea. By then, Kaiba
was able to breathe normally and
may live a long life.
Thank you!