DAMPAK REVOLUSI INDUSTRI

4.0 DAN PELUANG

Financial Technology
SERTA
BAGAIMANA
MENGANTISIPASINYA ?

Iwan Sonjaya, MT
DIGITAL REVOLUTION

Revolusi digital telah mengubah berbagai sendi-sendi kehidupan

Apa Itu FinTech?
The Oxford Dictionary: “Computer programs and other
technology used to support or enable banking and financial
services”.
Wikipedia: “Financial technology, also known as FinTech,
is a line of business based on using software to provide
financial services. Financial technology companies are
generally startups founded with the purpose of disrupting
incumbent financial systems and corporations that rely less
on software.”
FinTech Weekly: “A business that aims at providing
financial services by making use of software and modern
technology.”
 Revolusi Industri Ke-4

Wajah Kegiatan Ekonomi Dunia saat Ini

Sharing economy e-Education e-Government

Cloud Collaborative Marketplace Online Health Services

Smart Smart City Smart Appliances

Saat ini berbagai macam Manufacturing
kebutuhan manusia telah banyak
menerapkan dukungan internet
dan dunia digital sebagai wahana
interaksi dan transaksi
5
 Understanding FinTech
and its ecosystem
Sharing Transformatio Financial
Econom Disruption n Technologies Technolog Impact
y Embrace
yWhy is Fintech Regulatio
Indonesia Digital and Mobile
and beyond Change Payments (NFC) Gaining More n Industry
Adoption and
Authentication and Importance
Biometrics
Block Chains and
Distributed Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning
Machines
 Sharing
Economy

Buy Listen to Watch Travel To Stay Abroad Take A

Products music Places Course
Videos

CHANGED THE WAY WE

http://deemly.co/sharing-economy-banking-sector/
 Sharing
Economy

Carousell Apple Music Dailymotion Grab Airbnb Coursera

Ebay Google Play Metacafe Lyft Homestay Skillshare
Amazon Pandora Vimeo Bike- Roomaram Pathwrigh
Spotify Youtube Share a t Udemy

THEN ….
• WE BEGIN TO HEAR ABOUT COMPANIES LIKE THESE

• THESE COMPANIES HAVE SOMETHING IN COMMON

http://deemly.co/sharing-economy-banking-sector/
 Brings about digital revolution And gives
Sharing in financial services rise to

Economy
Carousell Apple Music Dailymotion Grab Airbnb Coursera
Ebay Google Play Metacafe Lyft Homestay Skillshare Fintech
Gumtree Pandora Vimeo Bike- Roomaram Pathwrigh Financial
Spotify Youtube Share a t Udemy Services

DECENTRALISATION
• gives power to the people
• maximise the use of your idle assets
• cuts out the middle man
• facilitates contact to individuals who wants to
exchange goods and money
CENTRALISATION DECENTRALISATION
http://deemly.co/sharing-economy-banking-sector/
Bentuk Dasar FinTech

Proses Bisnis Bentuk

Interaksi
Pembayaran (digital wallets,
C2C
P2P payments)
Investasi (equity
crowdfunding, P2P lending)
Pembiayaan (crowdfunding,
micro-loans, credit facilities) B2C
Asuransi (risk management)
Lintas-proses (big data
analysis, predictive B2B
modeling)
Infrastruktur (security)
Distribusi Fintech di Indonesia

Sumber: Fintech News Singapore (2017)

Contoh Fintech di
Indonesia

Sumber: Fintech News Singapore (2017)

Peran FinTech di Indonesia 9

Mendorong pemerataan
tingkat kesejahteraan
penduduk

Membantu pemenuhan
kebutuhan pembiayaan
Mendorong kemampuan
dalam negeri yang masih
ekspor UMKM yang saat
sangat besar
ini masih rendah

Indonesia
Mendorong distribusi
Meningkatkan Inklusi pembiayaan Nasional
keuangan nasional masih belum merata
di
17.000 pulau
Ancaman FinTech

• Regulasi belum matang, aturan tumpang-tindih, berpotensi

menimbulkan penyelewengan (contoh: shadow banking, MLM,
money game, dll.)
• FinTech membawa inovasi yang bersifat “merusak”
(disruptive),
• Percepatan problem klasik teknologi: polarisasi pekerjaan akibat
disintermediasi (job polarisation), melebarkan digital divide,
Case:
Amartha
® Menyediakan platform (marketplace) peer-to-peer lending
(P2PL): menghubungkan pemberi pinjaman (lender) yang
ingin berinvestasi dan peminjam (borrower)
® Target pasar adalah usaha mikro dan kecil,
pembiayaan antara Rp 1 juta hingga Rp 20 juta
® Pendekatan syariah dan bagi hasil: return untuk
investor 10-20%, fee Amartha 5-10% dari pemohon
pinjaman
® Cakupan wilayah Kabupaten Bandung, Bogor, Subang
® Mitra usaha dibentuk kelompok, diberi pelatihan, dan
pertemuan mingguan dengan field officer untuk memonitor
perkembangan usaha
® Pemanfaatan teknologi algoritma untuk grading dan
profiling
peminjam
 Current
Landscape
Sharing Economy in
Indonesia
The countries reporting the highest
response rates for the likelihood to
use products or services from others
in a share community include:
China (94%), Indonesia (87%),
Slovenia (86%), the Philippines
(85%),
Thailand (84%), Bulgaria (79%),
Mexico (79%), Brazil (78%), Hong
Kong (78%), India (78%), Egypt
(77%)
and Vietnam (76%).
https://www.nielsen.com/content/dam/nielsenglobal/apac/docs/reports/2014/Nielse
n-Global-Share-Community-Report.pdf
 Four Types of
Sharing Economy in
Indonesia INDONESIA
YesBoss, Go-Mart and Go-Food (part of Go-Jek)
(1) personal assistance service, and Halo Diana

RuangGuru, GuruLesInfo, and Tutor.co.id

(2) customized service marketplace,

Go-Box (expanded service from Go-Jek)

(3) on-demand logistics service, and and Deliveree

Airbnb Indonesia, Traveloka, and Tiket.com

(4) accommodation service.

https://medium.com/@indradarmawan/the-practice-of-sharing-economy-in-indonesia-1f6d6824ba21
Current
Landscape
CHINA
Sharing Economy in
2011
China Private
Home
2010 Sharing
Privat
e Car
Rental
2014
Private
Car
Sharing 2011
Private
Skills
Sharing

China Online payments

http://knowledge.ckgsb.edu.cn/2014/10/08/marketing/sharing-economy/
Sharing Economy in
China Your House Can Now Become a Private Restaurant

http://www.jiashuangkuaizi.com
What is Fintech (simplified
version)
1. Newly developed TECHnology and its applications in the field of FINance.
2. Describe financial startup firms in the industry.

Blockchain technology
Robo-advisors
Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending
Crowdfunding
Photo credits: www.cafecredit.com.
Mobile payment

http://www.cfapubs.org/doi/pdf/10.2469/car.v2017.n2.1
Sharing Brings about digital revolution
in financial services
Economy
DISR
UPTI
ON
Fintech

CENTRALISATION DECENTRALISATION
http://deemly.co/sharing-economy-banking-sector/
 Understanding FinTech and its
ecosystem
Sharing Transformatio Financial
Econom Disruption n Technologies Technolog Impact
y Embrace
yWhy is Fintech Regulatio
Indonesia Digital and Mobile
and beyond Change Payments (NFC) Gaining More n Industry
Adoption and
Authentication and Importance
Biometrics
Block Chains and
Distributed Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning
Machines
To Fourth Industrial
Revolution
STEAM ENGINES ELECTRICITY INTERNET
CHANGE IS CONSTANT
The Pace of
Technology
CHANGE is Faster
Than Ever

End of 18th Beginning Beginning

of 20th of 1970s Toda
Century
Century y https://www.i-scoop.eu/industry-4-0/
 Disruptive
Technology
The world’s largest taxi firm, Uber, owns no cars. The
world’s most popular media company, Facebook, creates
no content. The world’s most valuable retailer, Alibaba,
carries no stock. And the world’s largest accommodation
provider, Airbnb, owns no property. Something big is
going on ……………………………………………………..Tom Goodwin

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/hamish-mcrae/facebook-
airbnb-uber-and-the-unstoppable-rise-of-the-content-non-generators-10227207.html
Non-financial firms look set to
disrupt the financial industry
Non-financial players are using technology to offer innovative
solutions that mirror the services traditionally offered by financial
institutions (“FIs”).
Lending
Payments
Investments

http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-
policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
 Understanding FinTech and its
ecosystem
Sharing Transformatio Financial
Econom Disruption n Technologies Technolog Impact
y Embrace
yWhy is Fintech Regulatio
Indonesia Digital and Mobile
and beyond Change Payments (NFC) Gaining More n Industry
Adoption and
Authentication and Importance
Biometrics
Block Chains and
Distributed Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning
Machines
How Did Disruption
Started?
 How Technology is Transforming
Banking 1. Digital and Mobile Payments (NFC)
2. Authentication and Biometrics
Electronic Interne 3. Block Chains and Distributed Ledgers
4. Cloud Computing
Money t 5. Big Data
Banking 6. Learning Machines
1990 2000 2010
No Significant Changes https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobi
le_phone#Uses

https://pixabay.com/en/media
- social-media-apps-998990/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil
e:MANEJANDO_LA_NUEVA_TABLET.png Mobility of Technology, Ideas and Payments

http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
 Six Potential
Transformative
Technologies
Digital and Mobile Payments (NFC)
Authentication and Biometrics
Block Chains and Distributed Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning Machines .

https://upload.wikimedi https://zapper.com
a.org/wikipedia/commo
ns/thumb/d/dd/CashRe
gister.svg/1000px-
CashRegister.svg.png

https://i.ytimg.com/vi/-
http://www.ness- ne6MBHPAAQ/maxresdefault.jpg
ses.com/how-payment-
experience-will-deliver-a-
global-ambition-apple-pay-
facebook-and-the-rest/
http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
 Six Potential
Transformative
Technologies
Digital and Mobile Payments (NFC)
Authentication and Biometrics
Block Chains and Distributed
Ledgers Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning Machines .

From Passwords to Fingerprints

More Secure?
to Face Recognition to
Evidenced in Smart Phones Voice Biometrics
http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
 Six Potential
Transformative
Technologies
Digital and Mobile Payments (NFC)
Authentication and Biometrics
Block Chains and Distributed
Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data .
Learning
Machines

A blockchain is a cryptographically secure

distributed ledger.
A new way to store data

http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-
policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
 Six Potential
Transformative
Technologies CLOUD ACCOUNTING
Digital and Mobile Payments (NFC) • check account balances, the status of
Authentication and Biometrics
invoices, upcoming bills, and more from
Block Chains and Distributed
any computer or through a mobile app
Ledgers • make quicker and smarter decisions
Cloud Computing
Big Data .
Learning Machines

Studies now indicate that

about 75% of banking
organizations will use
Enterprise Cloud Computing,
or hybrid solutions for cloud
computing. http://www.esds.co.in/blog/banks-open-doors-for-cloud-computing/
http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
 Six Potential
Transformative
Technologies
Digital and Mobile Payments
(NFC) Authentication and
Biometrics VISA Says Big Data Identifies
Block Chains and Distributed Billions of Dollars in Fraud
Ledgers Cloud Computing
Big Data .
Learning Machines

The World's Most Valuable Resource is no

longer OIL, But DATA

… The Economist
http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/speeches-and-monetary-
policy-statements/speeches/2015/a-smart-financial-centre.aspx
http://blogs.wsj.com/cio/2013/03/11/visa-says-big-data-identifies-billions-of-dollars-in-fraud/tab/print/
 Six Potential
Transformative
Technologies
Digital and Mobile Payments Artificial Intelligence (AI) is everywhere.
(NFC) Authentication and Possibility is that you are using it in one way or
Biometrics the other and you don’t even know about it.
Block Chains and Distributed One of the popular applications of AI is
Ledgers Cloud Computing Machine Learning (ML), in which computers,
Big Data software, an.d devices perform via cognition
Learning Machines (very similar to human brain).
Virtual Personal Assistants
Siri, Alexa, Google Now are some of the popular examples of
virtual personal assistants. As the name suggests, they assist in
finding information, when asked over voice. All you need to do
is activate them and ask “What is my schedule for today?”,
“What are the flights from Germany to London”, or similar
questions.

https://medium.com/app-affairs/9-applications-of-machine-learning-from-day-to-day-life-112a47a429d0
 Understanding FinTech and its
ecosystem
Sharing Transformatio Financial
Econom Disruption n Technologies Technolog Impact
y Embrace
yWhy is Fintech Regulatio
Indonesia Digital and Mobile
and beyond Change Payments (NFC) Gaining More n Industry
Adoption and
Authentication and Importance
Biometrics
Block Chains and
Distributed Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning
Machines
In Summary - Why is Fintech
Gaining More Adoption and
Importance
more people
connected by Better decision making
100100111011
mobile devices 001000 driven by data

a better customer
experience emerging technology
breakthroughs in fields
such as artificial
accessible for the intelligence
U/B “underbanked”
http://www.cio.com/article/3148756/leadership-management/the-fintech-effect-and-the-disruption-of-financial-services.html
 Understanding FinTech and its
ecosystem
Sharing Transformatio Financial
Econom Disruption n Technologies Technolog Impact
y Embrace
yWhy is Fintech Regulatio
Indonesia Digital and Mobile
and beyond Change Payments (NFC) Gaining More n Industry
Adoption and
Authentication and Importance
Biometrics
Block Chains and
Distributed Ledgers
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Learning
Machines
Ratifikasi Peraturan dalam Mendukung
Pengembangan FinTech
Adopsi peraturan terkait tanda tangan (digital signature),
E-Know Your Customer (E-KYC), E-rating dan penggunaan
dokumen secara digital sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan
potensi yang dimiliki oleh industri FinTech.

Koordinasi antar Lembaga dan Kementerian

Terkait
Untuk mengoptimalkan potensi FinTech dengan
lingkungan bisnis (business environment) yang kompleks,
maka perlu juga dukungan dari berbagai kementerian dan
lembaga terkait. Dalam hal ini, OJK berinsiatif untuk
membentuk FinTech Advisory Committee.
Upaya dari
OJK 113
3

Penerbitan Ketentuan
• Regulatory Sandbox
• Penerbitan POJK No. 77/POJK.01/2016 tentang
Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Langsung Berbasis
Teknologi Informasi (LMPUBTI) atau Peer-to-Peer
Lending
• OJK akan menyusun ketentuan lainnya (antara lain
tentang crowdfunding, Digital Banking)

Pembentukan FinTech Innovation Hub di OJK:

1. Koordinasi Lintas Kementerian dan Lembaga
2. Pengembangan Industri FinTech yang sesuai
Kebutuhan masyarakat
3. Pengembangan Sandbox untuk model bisnis
FinTech yang baru dan potensial
4. Penyediaan sarana komunikasi (antara lain
website
FinTech) antara regulator dan industri FinTech
 Big Trends in Technology Affecting
Finance
Payments Business
Backend
& Consumer
Lending Lending
Infrastruct
Tools & Financial ure
Personal
Finance
Infrastructur Research
& Data
e Banking Digital &
Consumer
&
Infrastruct Learning Mobile
Machines Commerci
ure Payments al
Banking
Small & Authenticati
Lending
These 6 Medium Big Data on & Crowdfun
ding
Biometrics
Transformative Business
Tools
Technologies Financial Cloud
Block
Chains & Equity
Transacti Computing Distributed
Have impacted o n Ledgers
Financing
Security
Finance in Point of
Retail
Many Different Sale
Payments Investing
Internatio
Institution
Way nal
al
Payment
Money Consumer Investing Investment
s Transfer Payments
s
s
 Business Applications e.g.
Blockchain
Tracing and Tracking the progress of a shipment anytime, including when the container is located
fulfillment of perishable

Port Distribution Centre

Production Port
Sensors (IoT) deployed to trigger events, e.g. tracking and payments
Leading to shipping supply chain being more efficient, lower costs and speedier processes
We Should Not See Fintech in
Isolation
Hence
…
Is It Correct to say that Finance Technology (FINTECH) is
Only about Finance and Technology
NO
SO let’s leave the teaching of FinTech to the School of Finance

DATA SCIENCE INFOCOMM TOURISM RETAIL

SUPPLY CHAIN ECONOMICS LOGISTICS SECURITY

 TERIMAKASIH

iwan.sonjaya@tik.pnj.ac.id