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Heat Treatment

This presentation summarizes various heat treatment processes used in mechanical engineering. It discusses annealing, hardening, tempering, normalizing, and case hardening processes. A diagram shows the flow chart of common heat treatment processes which involve heating metals to specific temperatures, soaking, and then cooling to change their mechanical properties and make them better suited for different applications. The presentation provides details on how each process works and the purpose of heating and quenching metals through different methods.

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Hukam Chand
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496 views16 pages

Heat Treatment

This presentation summarizes various heat treatment processes used in mechanical engineering. It discusses annealing, hardening, tempering, normalizing, and case hardening processes. A diagram shows the flow chart of common heat treatment processes which involve heating metals to specific temperatures, soaking, and then cooling to change their mechanical properties and make them better suited for different applications. The presentation provides details on how each process works and the purpose of heating and quenching metals through different methods.

Uploaded by

Hukam Chand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A

POWER POINTPRESENTATION
ON
HEAT TREATMENT PROCESSES
Subject-Basic mechanical Engg.2nd sem

Presented By:
Hukam chand nagar
Assistant professor deptt. Of mechanical engg.
Jecrc jaipur
Email id – hukamchand.me@jecrc.ac.in
INTRODUCTION

Heat Treatment
• Heat Treatment process is a series of operations involving
the Heating and Cooling of metals in the solid state.
• Its purpose is to change a mechanical property or
combination of mechanical properties so that the metal
will be more useful, serviceable, and safe for definite
purpose.
• By heat treating, a metal can be made harder, stronger,
and more resistant to impact, heat treatment can also
make a metal softer and more ductile.
Types of heat treatment
processes
 Annealing
 Hardening
 Tempering
 Normalising
 Case hardening
 Flame hardening
 Induction hardening
HEAT TREATMENT PROCESSES
DIAGRAMME
FLOW CHART OF HEAT TREATMENT
PROCESSES
Annealing
 Makes a metal as soft as
possible
 Hypoeutectoid steels (less
than 0.83% carbon) are
heated above upper critical
temp., soaked and cooled
slowly.
 Hypereutecoid (above
0.83%) are heated above
lower critical temp., soaked
and allowed to cool slowly.
 Process Annealing.
Low carbon steels may
harden through cold
working. They can be
heated to around 100
degrees below lower
critical temp., soaked
and allowed to cool in
air.
 Spheroidising. High
carbon steels may be
annealed just below the
lower critical temp. to
improve machinability.
 Normalising. Internal stresses caused by
rolling and rolling or forging are removed.
Steels are heated above upper critical temp.,
soaked and cooled in air. The cooling rate is
faster than annealing giving a smaller grain
structure.
 Stress relieving. The component is reheated
and held at temperature for a period of time
and cooled slowly.
Hardening
 Medium and High carbon steels (0.4 – 1.2%)
can be heated until red hot and then
quenched in water producing a very hard and
brittle metal. At 723 degrees, the BCC ferrite
changes into Austenite with a FCC structure.
Hardening 0.6% carbon steel
 The metal is heated to over 780
degrees, which allows the
carbon to dissolve into the FCC
Austenite.
 Quenching the metal quickly in
water prevents the structure
from changing back into BCC.
 A different structure, Body
Centre Tectragonal (BCT) is
formed. It is called Martensite
and is extremely hard and
brittle with a needle-like
microstructure.
Tempering
 To remove some of the brittleness from
hardened steels, tempering is used. The
metal is heated to the range of 220-300
degrees and cooled.
 Tempering colours are an indicator of
temperature on polished metals. Colours
range from yellow to brown to violet and blue.
Quenching media
 Brine (water and salt solution)
 Water
 Oil
 Air
 Turn off furnace
Case hardening
 Low carbon steels cannot be hardened by
heating due to the small amounts of carbon
present.
 Case hardening seeks to give a hard outer
skin over a softer core on the metal.
 The addition of carbon to the outer skin is
known as carburising.
Induction hardening
 Induced eddy currents
heat the surface of the
steel very quickly and is
quickly followed by jets
of water to quench the
component.
 A hard outer layer is
created with a soft core.
The slideways on a
lathe are induction
hardened.
Flame hardening
 Gas flames raise the
temperature of the
outer surface above the
upper critical temp. The
core will heat by
conduction.
 Water jets quench the
component.
THANKS

ANY QUERRY….????

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