BUILDING

MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
A FIRST SEMESTER PRESENTATION BY
MEDHAVI BANSAL
JEESHAN AHMED
ARUN KUMAR
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BUILDING MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

A Building Management System (BMS) is a computer-

based control system installed in buildings
that controls and monitors the building’s mechanical and
electrical equipment such
as ventilation, lighting, power systems, fire systems, and
security systems.
Building automation describes the advanced
functionality provided by the control system of a building.
A building automation system (BAS) is an example of a
distributed control system. The control system is a
computerized, intelligent network of electronic
devices designed to monitor and control the
mechanical, electronics, and lighting systems in
a building.
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USES & BENEFITS

 A BMS system collects the operating information required for intelligent

building management.
 It analyses the operation of the building systems by viewing all
important temperatures, humidities and equipment status.
 Further to collection of these data, the BMS presents these data on the
screen with full color
• Automates some control strategies such as turning equipment On/Off
according to a time schedule – ensures energy savings
• Allows an operator sitting at the BMS work station to view key information
about the building – improves building operations
• Allows an operator sitting at the BMS work station to control some of the
equipment in the building – improves building operations allowing remote
control
/ over-ride where necessary
• Maintains an audit trail of what happened and when it happened –
improves building management by means reporting and traceability
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USES & BENEFITS

• Maintains historical data for selected information (like temperature,

humidity etc) – improves building management by means reporting and
traceability
• Alerts the operator at the BMS work station when readings fall outside of
normal range (i.e. breaker trips, temperature too warm, etc.) – improves
building management by having a faster reaction time to problems
• By doing the above and more a BMS system saves manpower, ensures
productive occupants (especially in an office environment), prolongs
equipment life, and the most important of all saves energy. diagrams
(graphics) for the ease of understanding.
Services Equipments
Mechanical system HVAC , Plumbing , Fire Fighting, STP
Electrical System Electrical DB’s/Lighting control
& monitoring, Generator set,
UPS
Utility Lifts, Fire Alarm System, Security
System, Public address system
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FEATURES

BMS consists of
•Software (C-Bus, Profibus, Internet Protocols, Open Standards such as Device
Net, SOAP, XML, BACnet, LonWorks and Mobus).
•Hardware

CHARACTERISTICS:
•implemented in large projects with extensive mechanical, electrical, and
plumbing
systems
•Systems linked to a BMS typically represent 40% of a building's energy usage; if
lighting is included, this number approaches 70%.
•a critical component to managing energy demand
•Improperly configured BMS systems account for 20% of building energy usage
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FUNCTIONS OF BUILDING
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Controlling

Monitoring

Optimizing

Reporting
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BMS COMPONENTS

• Power systems
• Illumination system
• Electric power control system
• HVAC System
• Security and observation
system
• Magnetic card and access
system
• Fire alarm system
• Lifts, elevators etc.
• Plumbing system
• Burglar alarms, CCTV
• Trace Heating
• Other engineering systems
• Home Automation System
• Fire alarm and Safety system
• Manage the sensors of alarm
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BMS COMPONENTS

BUILDING AUTOMATION
• Describes the advanced functionality provided by the control system of a building.
• Distributed control system
• The devices designed to monitor and control the mechanical, electronics, and
lighting systems in a building

CORE FUNCTIONALITY
•keeps the building climate
within a specified range
•provides lighting based on an
occupancy schedule
•monitors system performance and
device failures
•provides malfunction alarms to
building engineering / maintenance
staff
•reduces building energy and
maintenance costs
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BMS COMPONENTS

HOME
•AUTOMATION
It is the residential extension of building automation
•include centralized control of lighting, HVAC, appliances,
security locks of gates and doors and other systems,
to provide improved convenience, comfort, energy
efficiency and security.

SYSTEM ELEMENTS
sensors
•temperature,
•daylight, A home control
•motion detection panel
controllers
•personal computer
•dedicated
automation controller
actuators
•motorized valves,
•light switches,
•motors etc.
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VEHICLE AUTHORISATION
SYSTEM
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SECURITY

SECURITY
• Intrusion
Detection
•Motion detection
•Magnetic contact sensors for doors /
windows
•Glass break detectors
•Pressure sensors
•Presence Simulation
•Detection of fire, gas leaks and water
leaks
•Medical alert / tele-assistance.
•Precise and safe blind control
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SECURITY

INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM (IDS)

•software application
•monitors network or system activities for malicious activities or policy
violations
•produces reports to a management station
Motion Detection
• detecting a change in position of an object relative to its
surroundings or the change in the surroundings relative to an
object
• detection can be achieved by mechanical and electronic
methods detection accomplished by natural organisms is called
motion perception
Motion can be detected by:
• Infrared (Passive and active sensors)
• Optics (video and camera systems)
• Radio Frequency Energy (radar, microwave and
• tomographic motion detection
• Sound (microphones and acoustic sensors)
• Vibration (triboelectric, seismic, and inertia-switch sensors)
 MAGNETIC CONTACT SENSORS 13
FOR DOORS/WINDOWS

Door and window contacts work with a sensor

and a magnet
The sensor is placed on the frame of the door
or window, while the magnet is placed on the
door or window itself
This creates a circuit between the two.
However, when the circuit is broken by
opening up the window or door, a signal is sent
to the alarm control panel that an entry has
been breached.

There are two main types of door and window

contacts: surface and recessed.
• Surface contacts are generally less • With recessed, the sensor and
expensive than recessed, but are more the magnet are installed inside
noticeable as well. With surface (as the the frame and the door or
name implies) the sensor is placed on the window
surface of the frame while the magnetic
contact is placed on the surface of the door
 MAGNETIC CONTACT SENSORS 14
FOR DOORS/WINDOWS

A third type of contact is a standard garage

door contact. A garage door contact is similar
to a surface contact in appearance and works
the same too. However, the sensor part is
usually installed onto or into the floor, while
the magnetic part is installed on the garage
door or roll up door itself
 MAGNETIC CONTACT SENSORS 15
FOR DOORS/WINDOWS
Pressure Sensors
A pressure sensor measures pressure, typically of gases or
liquids.
Pressure is an expression of the force required to stop a fluid from expanding,
and is usually stated in terms of force per unit area. A pressure sensor usually
acts as a transducer; it generates a signal as a function of the pressure imposed
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ALARMS AND SECURITY

Many building automation systems have alarm capabilities. If an alarm is

detected, it can be programmed to notify someone. Notification can be through
a computer, pager, cellular phone, or audible alarm.

 Common temperature alarms are: space, supply air, chilled water supply and hot water
supply.
 Differential pressure switches can be placed on the filter to determine if it is dirty.
 Status alarms are common. If a mechanical device like a pump is requested to start,
and the status input indicates it is off. This can indicate a mechanical failure.
 Some valve actuators have end switches to indicate if the valve has opened or not.
 Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide sensors can be used to alarm if levels are too
high.
 Refrigerant sensors can be used to indicate a possible refrigerant leak.
 Current sensors can be used to detect low current conditions caused by slipping fan
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FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

An automatic fire alarm system is designed to detect the unwanted

presence of fire by monitoring environmental changes associated with
combustion. In general, a fire alarm system is classified as either automatically
actuated, manually actuated, or both. Automatic fire alarm systems are
intended to notify the building occupants to evacuate in the event of a fire or
other emergency, report the event to an off-premises location in order to
summon emergency services, and to prepare the structure and associated
systems to control the spread of fire and smoke.
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CIRCUIT & GLASS BREAK DETECTION

Glass break detectors, generally referred to as "shock sensors" are different in

that they are installed on the glass pane. When glass breaks it produces
specific shock frequencies which travel through the glass and often through
the window frame and the surrounding walls and ceiling.

Window foil is a less sophisticated, mostly outdated, detection method that

involves gluing a thin strip of conducting foil on the inside of the glass and
putting low-power electrical current through it. Breaking the glass is practically
guaranteed to tear the foil and break the circuit.
 VIBRATION (SHAKER) OR INERTIA 19
SENSORS

These devices are mounted on barriers and are used

primarily to detect an attack on the structure itself. The technology relies on
an unstable mechanical configuration that forms part of the electrical circuit.
When movement or vibration occurs, the unstable portion of the circuit
moves and breaks the current flow, which produces an alarm.
Taut wire fence systems:-
A taut wire perimeter security system is basically an independent screen of
tensioned tripwires usually mounted on a fence or wall. Alternatively, the
screen can be made so thick that there is no need for a supporting chain
wire fence. These systems are designed to detect any physical attempt to
penetrate the barrier. Taut wire systems can operate with a variety of
switches or detectors that sense movement at each end of the tensioned
wires.
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BIOMETRICS SECURITY SYSTEM

Biometrics (or biometric authentication) refers to the identification of

humans by their characteristics or traits. Biometrics is used in computer science
as a form of identification and access control. It is also used to identify
individuals in groups that are under surveillance.

More traditional means of access control include token-based identification

systems, such as a driver's license or passport, and knowledge-based
identification systems, such as a password or personal identification number.
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FRISKING

Frisking (also called a patdown or pat down) is a search of a person's outer

clothing wherein a person runs his or her hands along the outer garments to
detect a concealed weapons or contraband.
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BMS DESIGN ASPECTS
BASIC DATA REQUIRED BEFORE SYSTEM
DESIGN:
1. Input / Output summary for all subsystems, which need to either monitor or
control.
2. Selection of appropriate field devices.
3. All integration devices & respective point details which has to be monitored.
4. Signal & Communication cable route layout (at least tentative).
5. Panel (Enclosure for controllers) location, BMS PC location.

Steps to follow for designing-:8

6. Select the suitable controllers required for the requirement.

7. Select the enclosure to mount those controllers, which includes power

supply for controllers & other wirings for field device connection.
8. Now start with the AHU designing which includes signal & control cabling
requirement for different field device selection as per the requirement.

9. A typical AHU generally requires following field devices-Temperature cum

Humidity sensor (or only Temp) in return & supply duct. Differential
Pressure Switch (For Air) across the AHU Fan, Filter, Actuators for AHU Line.
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BMS DESIGN ASPECTS
BASIC DATA REQUIRED BEFORE SYSTEM
DESIGN:

1. A typical AHU will have following wiring connection- Connection to all Field
devices, Connection to electrical panels as per I/O, connection to VFD’s.

2. A typical Chiller side will have following field devices-Immersion type

temperature sensor (for supply & return pipes), Butterfly Valve &
Actuator in each chiller supply, differential Pressure sensor across main
supply & return .

3. A typical chiller will have connection to all field devices, chiller panels,
Pump VFD’s.
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CONCLUSIONS

In this 21st century with the advent of the various artificial intelligent
systems the work places became very cozy to work with. It has
changed the entire working environment leading to the increased out
put and also reducing the running cost to a certain extent. As it gives
optimum thermal & lighting efficiency it will cut down the electricity
bills. But any how today the cost of such equipments to make a building
artificially intelligent is a costly means. With the increase in demand of
such systems the cost of these will become affordable as more and
more builders will be using such systems in future.
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REFERENCES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_management_system

https://buildingsolutions.honeywell.com/en-
US/solutions/hvacbuildingmanagement/Pages/default.aspx

http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/building-
management-system

http://www.airedale.com/web/Controls/Building-Management-System-
BMS.htm
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THANK YOU