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The Self in Western and Oriental/Eastern Thought

The document compares and contrasts Western and Eastern views of the self and culture. In the West, the self is seen as an independent social construction focused on personal needs and egoism. Eastern views see the self as interdependent and focused on others through concepts like collectivism, wisdom, and reincarnation. The differences between individualism in Western cultures and collectivism in Eastern cultures influence how Filipinos view adopting Western or Eastern cultural influences.

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659 views7 pages

The Self in Western and Oriental/Eastern Thought

The document compares and contrasts Western and Eastern views of the self and culture. In the West, the self is seen as an independent social construction focused on personal needs and egoism. Eastern views see the self as interdependent and focused on others through concepts like collectivism, wisdom, and reincarnation. The differences between individualism in Western cultures and collectivism in Eastern cultures influence how Filipinos view adopting Western or Eastern cultural influences.

Uploaded by

Venom
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Self in Western and

Oriental/Eastern
Thought
WESTERN VS EASTERN
• Western culture basically is about the focus on oneself and personal
needs; Eastern culture is about focus on others and the feeling of others.
• Western culture is predicated on putting egoism first while Eastern
culture is about collectivism. Conceptually, there is a vast of difference
between egoism and collectivism. While egoism is focused on oneself,
collectivism is all about focus on others.
• While the Western culture is inclined in more acquisition of material
things, the Eastern culture is tilted towards less assets (thus the mantra
less is more). Western culture is obsessed with being successful, the
eastern culture is more inclined towards long life; for the Eastern culture,
long life is equated with wealth
• In the Eastern culture, wealth and poverty is the result of
fortune and luck, for the Western culture, wealth and
poverty is the result of enterprise and hard work.

• The Eastern culture values the wisdom of years and


seniority, while the Western culture celebrates the youth
and being young. Philosophically, the Eastern culture
subscribe to concept of reincarnation while Western
culture subscribe to the idea of evolution.
• Taken as a whole, these basic and subtle
differences between the Eastern culture and the
Western culture are taking its toll on Filipinos on
which culture to adopt. The dilemma is whether
to follow and subscribe to the Western influences
or subscribe to Eastern ideas
Western Eastern
 Self is a social construction which is  A gentleman by following the moral way
symbolically and signally created consisting of the virtues of love,
between and among social beings righteousness, wisdom, propriety and
 Phenomenological object which can be loyalty in order to promote harmony in
productively studied through as series of society (Confucianism)
actions, self is multidimensional entity
 Self is an interpersonal unit
 Self takes form in communication
 Self is intimately connected to bodily
experience both ontogenetically and
here and now awareness
Western Eastern
 Self acquires substance according to  Attainment of liberation in the
semantic, syntactic and pragmatic identification of Atman (the spiritual
essence of all individual human beings)
and Brahman (the spiritual essence of the
universe) through the Four Yogas (Taoism)
 Concept of Kapwa, recognition of shared
identity, an inner self shared with others;
Two levels or modes of social interaction –
ibang-tao or “outsider” and hindi ibang-
tao or “one-of-us” (Filipino Psychology)
INDIVIDUALISM VS
COLLECTIVISM
Individualism Collectivism

 People are autonomous and  Interdependent within their in-


independent from their in-groups groups
 Give priority to their personal goals  Give priority to the goals of their
of their in-groups in-groups
 Behave on their basis of attitudes  In-groups primarily shape their
rather than norms behavior
   Behave in a communal way
 Concerned in maintaining
relationship with others
 

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