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Phase 1 - Review 1 by Sathiya Jeba Sundar J M.E (SE&OR) 200836317

This document summarizes a proposed research project to extend the lifetime of wireless sensor networks using unequal clustering. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and discusses how energy consumption leads to uneven energy depletion and shorter network lifetimes. The objectives of the proposed work are to form clusters of unequal sizes and use mobile sinks to balance energy usage and prolong the network lifetime. A system design and architecture are proposed that involve varying transmission ranges for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication and rotating cluster head roles. The document reviews several related works and concludes with expected simulation parameters and references.

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39 views16 pages

Phase 1 - Review 1 by Sathiya Jeba Sundar J M.E (SE&OR) 200836317

This document summarizes a proposed research project to extend the lifetime of wireless sensor networks using unequal clustering. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and discusses how energy consumption leads to uneven energy depletion and shorter network lifetimes. The objectives of the proposed work are to form clusters of unequal sizes and use mobile sinks to balance energy usage and prolong the network lifetime. A system design and architecture are proposed that involve varying transmission ranges for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication and rotating cluster head roles. The document reviews several related works and concludes with expected simulation parameters and references.

Uploaded by

ind_2010
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Extending Sensor Network Lifetime Using

Unequal Clustering In Wireless Sensor


Network
Phase 1 – Review 1

By

Sathiya Jeba Sundar J


M.E(SE&OR)
200836317

Guided by

Dr.K.Murugan
Assistant Professor
Ramanujan Computing Centre
College of Engineering
Anna University,Ch-25
Introduction

 A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of spatially


distributed autonomous devices using sensors to
cooperatively monitor physical or environment
conditions.

 In sensor network each node is capable of sensing,


processing and transmitting data.

 Energy is required for transmission. Efficient use of the


sensor node battery’s energy of an important aspect of
sensor networks.
Contd..
 Prevent unwanted energy consumption activate a set of
sensor nodes and putting the rest of the sensor node in
sleep node.

 Challenging task is to overcome energy holes near the


sink thereby extending network life time.

 The life time of the sensor network is the time at which


the first node (fails to function) dies due to energy
depletion.
Problem Statement

 To prevent the formation of energy holes near


the static sink due to funneling effect

 To overcome uneven energy consumption in


the network so as to prolong the Network
Lifetime.
Objectives

 To extend the network lifetime using unequal


clustering

 To achieve energy balance by the rotation


among the cluster heads
Literature Survey
1. Guihai Chen (2009) Springer Science+Business Media - Journal
EEUS (Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering)

 It is in distance based cluster formation method to produce cluster of


unequal sizes.

 Cluster farther away from the base station have smaller size, thus
some energy could be preserve for long-haul data transmission to
the base station.

 The hot spot problem arises when multihup routing is adopted.

 To avoid this cluster heads allowed to transmit the data to the base
station in this considerable amount of energy is wasted.
Literature Survey
2. Wendi B. Heinzelman(2002) IEEE Transaction of Wireless Communications.
LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)
 First proposed clustering protocol for periodical data gathering
applications.

 It used in randomized rotation of cluster heads to distribute energy


consumption over all nodes in the network.

 Each cluster head forwards an aggregated packet to the base station


directly it is called single hup system.

 In this, cluster heads farther away from the base station have heavier
energy burden due to the long haul communication links so they will
die earlier.
Literature Survey
3. Ossama Younis (2004) IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
HEED (Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, distributed clustering approach for ad hoc sensor
networks )

 It introduces cluster radius which defines the transmission power to


be used for intra cluster broadcast.

 The initial probability for each node to become a tentative cluster


head depends on its residual energy.

 So final heads are selected according to the intra cluster


communication cost.

 But the cluster formed are of equal size and do not improve the
network life time to a considerable extent.
Literature Survey
4. Azzedine Boukerche (2008) Springer Science+media, Journal
UC (Ubiquitous Computing)
 It is the clustering routing protocol for even driven, query based and
periodic WSNs.

 It aims at optimizing energy dissipation in the network, providing


networks fault tolerance and connectivity.

 It also aims at even energy dissipation among the nodes in the


network by alternating by possible route to the sink.

 Having long rounds can have consequences of ignoring networks


dynamics.

 If rounds are too shorts the algorithm has unnecessarily go through


the setup phase which increase the overhead.
Literature Survey
5. Mao Ya(2007) IEEE Int’l J.Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless networks to
appear
EECS (Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme)
 We propose a novel clustering schema EECS for wireless sensor
networks, which better suits the periodical data gathering
applications.

 It approach elects cluster heads with more residual energy through


local radio communication while achieving well cluster head uniform
distribution.
 it introduces a novel method to balance the load among the cluster
heads.
 It introduces a cluster head competitive algorithm without message
exchange iterations. .

 Cluster Head directly transmit the data to the base station


considerable amount of energy is wasted.
Proposed Work

 To implement clustering of nodes in the network.

 To vary the cluster size to improve the


performance and maximize the network lifetime.

 To use an additional mobile sink / base station


for collecting the data.
System Design

The entire wireless network scenario is simulated using


NS2. The scenario consists of sensor nodes with a base
station. All the nodes are static or stationary. The
clustering process is subdivided into the following phases:

• Varying the Transmission range


• Intra- clustering
• Inter-clustering
• Cluster-Head rotation
System Architecture Diagram
INTRA CLUSTER INTER CLUSTER

UCR
Cluster Head Selection Search Base Station
CH

S1
TCH Selection Find Ri S2 Find Neighbor
(Competition Range) S3 Cluster Head
…
Sn

Broadcast : Node JOIN to CH


Location, RE, ID Shortest distance

FCH Selection TDMA Choose the CH


Schedule Setup Shortest to the BS

Communications Module
Simulation Environment

 Network Simulator : (ns-2 version 2.34)


 Operation System : Linux
 Language : C++

 Parameters measured

 Success Rate
 Energy Dissipated
 Delivery Delay
 Network Lifetime
References
1. Guihai Chen.Chengfa Li. Mao Ye.JieWn, “An Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol in
Wireless Sensor Networks”, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, Wireless Netw. vol.
15, no.2, pp. 193-207, Feb. 2009

2. W.Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan and H.Balakrishnan, “An Application-Specific Protocol


Architecture for Wireless Microsenson Networks”, IEEE Trans. Wireless Communications,
vol.1, no.4, pp. 660-670, 2002

3. O.Younis and S.Fahmy, “HEED: a Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, Distributed Clustering


Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks”, IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing, vol.3, no.4, pp.
366-379, Oct.-Dec. 2004

4. Azzedine Boukerche& Anahit Martirosyan & Richard Pazzi “An Inter-cluster


Communication based Energy Aware and Fault Tolerant Protocol for Wireless Sensor
Networks”, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, Wireless Netw. vol.13, pp. 614-629,
2008

5. M.Ye, C.Li, G.Chen and J.Wu, “An Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme in Wireless Sensor
Networks,”Int’l J. Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks, vol.3, nos.2-3, pp. 99-119, 2007.

6. Xiaobing Wu, Guihai Chen, and Sajal K. Das, “Avoiding Energy Holes in Wireless Sensor
Networks with Nonuniform Node Distribution” IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed
Systems, Vol. 19, No.5, pp. 710-720, May 2008.

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