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Unit 6 - 6.4 PP

The document discusses several categories of high-risk newborns including those that are small or large for gestational age, premature, post-term, and those experiencing respiratory distress, meconium aspiration, sudden infant death syndrome, or drug/alcohol exposure. It notes key characteristics and risks for each group and emphasizes the importance of close monitoring, treatment, parental support and education for these newborns and their families.

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Krista Klose
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36 views8 pages

Unit 6 - 6.4 PP

The document discusses several categories of high-risk newborns including those that are small or large for gestational age, premature, post-term, and those experiencing respiratory distress, meconium aspiration, sudden infant death syndrome, or drug/alcohol exposure. It notes key characteristics and risks for each group and emphasizes the importance of close monitoring, treatment, parental support and education for these newborns and their families.

Uploaded by

Krista Klose
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic 6.

High-Risk Needs of the Newborn


6.4 High Risk Newborns and their
Families
• Small for gestational age (SGA)
• infants who below the 10% for weight for their age
• Large for gestational age (LGA)
• babies who above 90% in weight
• Premature neonate (preterm)
• Less than 2500g = low birthweight
• 1000-1500 = very low birthweight
• Post term neonate
• Risk for hypoglycemia
• Cracked skin
• Increased difficulty establishing respiration especially if meconium is
present
High Risk Newborns and their
Families
• AGA – no problems but could still be preterm,
full-term, post-term.

• SGA – IUGR – could still be preterm, full-term,


post-term

• LGA – Could still be preterm, full-term or post-


term.
High Risk Newborns and their
Families
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• Expiratory grunting
• In drawing of sternum, zyphoid, intercostals
• Rapid respirations – Tachypnea RR>60
• Preterm- Deficient artificial surfactant
• Diabetic Moms – poor exchange of oxygen and Co2 at
alveoli

• Keep warm, O2, blood gases, IV, NICU


High Risk Newborns and their
Families
Meconium Aspiration
• Aspirated meconium during labour, birth or at birth.
Meconium in alveoli, impairs gas exchange, O2 levels at
risk.
• Treatment - O2, antibiotics.
• Pneumothorax possible with high ventilation pressures
used
• High Pulmonary resistance – Ductus Arteriosus may
remain open causing cardia insufficiency and hypoxia
High Risk Newborns and their
Families
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
• Unknown cause
• Tends to occur more in babies of adolescents
• Peak occurrence 2-4 months of age
• Decrease in occurrence due to preventative measures:
• Sleep on back
• Safe sleeping environment (no loose blankets or toys)
• Smoke free environment
• Avoid overheating
*Breastfeeding and pacifier use may DECREASE the rate
of SIDS
High Risk Newborns and their
Families
Drug-dependent or Alcohol Exposure infants
• Tend to be SGA
• May demonstrate withdrawal symptoms
• Symptoms usually seen within 24-48 hours of
birth
• Symptoms & treatment dependant on type of
drug mother has taken
High Risk Newborns

• Communication with parents


• Resources(Community, Doctor, clinics, support groups)
• Support
• Education
• High risk support/organizations/ follow up clinics.
Glenrose Hospital for rehab

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