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Industrial Revolution Presentation

The Industrial Revolution was a period from 1760 to around 1870 where new manufacturing processes were introduced that began in England. This included a transition from hand production to machine production, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, and an increasing reliance on steam power. It led to factory systems, machine tools, and the rise of mechanized textile production. The availability of coal and iron in England along with new farming techniques contributed to England being the initial pioneer of the Industrial Revolution.

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Chaudhry BilAl
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106 views7 pages

Industrial Revolution Presentation

The Industrial Revolution was a period from 1760 to around 1870 where new manufacturing processes were introduced that began in England. This included a transition from hand production to machine production, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, and an increasing reliance on steam power. It led to factory systems, machine tools, and the rise of mechanized textile production. The availability of coal and iron in England along with new farming techniques contributed to England being the initial pioneer of the Industrial Revolution.

Uploaded by

Chaudhry BilAl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Industrial Revolution?

• The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new


manufacturing processes from about 1760 to 1870.It brought
some radical changes to the world.

• This transition included: going From Hand Production methods


to Machine, new chemical manufacturing and iron production,
the increasing use of Steam Power, the development of
machine tools and the rise of the Factory System.

• It began In England and later spread to France , Germany and


Netherland.

• The Industrial Revolution is continuing till this day in many


ways.
The Preceding Millenia
• Farming was the main occupation of majority of
people.
• They lived close to Food sources.
• All commodities were local, foreign goods were a
luxury.
• Production of goods was for ‘use’, rather than profit.
• Weapons which could kill few people at once.
• Life expectancy round about 35 to 40 years.
• Travel and Communication between far off places or
extremely slow.
Factor leading to Industrial Revolution in England

• Agricultural surplus in England due to new techniques in Farming – The ‘Agricultural


Revolution’ of 17th Century.
• Mercantilism-trading for profit, accumulation of wealth.
• The long coastline – no region is so far away from a sea port. This
facilitated of raw material.
• Semi skilled workers readily available.
• Abundance of Coal and Iron – England was an initial pioneer in these field.
• A government encouraged improvement in Transportation.
• Scientific inventions were facilitate and promote.
• Banks and Banking system.
• Low population and high cost of labour.
• Incentive to invent and adopt machines.
The importance of Coal in Industrial
Revolution
• Availability near surface
• Abundant in England
• Cheaper than other heat sources like Wood
• Steam engine were 1st invented to pump water out of the coal
mines. These improved upon later
• Iron production at commercial level could be done only due to
large quantity of coal. It led to a revolution in machine tools,
trains and other industries.
Impact of the Industrial Revolution

Positive Effects Negative Effects


• Factory system • Resources of production owned
• Standardisation of factory work and controlled by few
methods and processes. • Exploitation of workers- long
• Massive production quantities hours, no protective gear
• Roads, Bridges, Railway tracks, • Traditional weavers and workers
canals. were wiped out by machines
• Urbanization_ clean water, • Population increase_ growth of
sewerage systems, public slums, low wages
transport Europe Population: 140 million in
• Food could be easily 1750
transported 463 million in 1914
The phases of Industrial Revolution

• 1st phase 1760 to 1850


The mechanization of textile industry, mining and steam engine
and its application in transport.

• 2nd phase late 19th century


Scientific inventions take centre stage
Steel and chemicals
Growth of mass production (assembly lines)
USA and Germany led this phase
• 3rd phase late 20th century ongoing
Communication Technology,
Internet
Energy
Robotics
Digitalization of manufacturing, 3D printing

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