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Poisson Distribution

The document discusses the Poisson distribution and its properties. The Poisson distribution models random events that occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate. It can be used when the number of trials is very large and the probability of success is small for each trial. The document provides examples of how to calculate probabilities using the Poisson distribution.

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166 views13 pages

Poisson Distribution

The document discusses the Poisson distribution and its properties. The Poisson distribution models random events that occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate. It can be used when the number of trials is very large and the probability of success is small for each trial. The document provides examples of how to calculate probabilities using the Poisson distribution.

Uploaded by

shounty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Poisson Distribution

• Poisson distribution applies to


situation when an event (e.g.,
accidents) occurs at random points in
time and space.
• The observation of such an event is
characterized by the average or
expected number of occurrence of
that event per unit of time and space.
Assumption of Poisson Distribution
 On an average an event occurs
at constant rate, say m, per
unit of time and space( an hour
in a day or a page in a book)
Infinite number of trials
• A unit of time or space, however, be split
up into large number of subdivisions (A
second in an hour or a word in a page).
• Each subdivision of time or space is
treated as a potential trial where an
event may or may not happen. (In a
particular second an accident may be
there or not; a word may be correct or
not etc )
Limiting case of Binomial distribution
• Hence, the number of trials becomes
virtually infinite, yet the number of
occurrence of the event in a given
interval remains same.
• The probability of success (p) in a
single trial( assuming a particular
instant of time or space in that
interval) becomes negligible for all
practical purpose.
Approximation to Binomial Distribution

 Poisson distribution is a good


approximation to Binomial
distribution when number of trials is
more than 20 and probability of
success is less than 0.05.
 Assuming that half of the population
is vegetarian, if 100 investigators ,
each taking a sample of 10
individuals to see whether they are
vegetarian, how ay investigators
would you expect to report that three
people or less are vegetarian?
 Find the mean and variance of a
Poisson Distribution.
 If X is a Poisson variate, such that,
P(X=2) = 9P(X=4) + 90 P(X=6), then
find the mean and variance of X.
A fruit seller from his past experience
knows that 3% of apples in each basket
will be defective. What is the probability
that exactly 4 apples would be defective
in a basket of 100 apples ?
The incidence of occupational disease in
an industry is such that the workers
have 20% chance of suffering from it.
What is the probability that , out of six
workers, four or more will contract the
disease.
On the average, one in 400 items is
defective. If the item are packed in
boxes of 100, what is the probability
that, any given box will contain
( i ) No defective.
( ii ) Less than two defectives .
( iii ) One or more defective
If 5 % of the electric bulbs
manufactured by a company are
defective , find out the probability that
in a sample of 100 bulbs
( i ) none is defective.
( ii ) 5 bulbs will be defective.
A company manufactures optical
lenses. By experience, it was found
that, any one lens to be defective is
1/500 .The lens are supplied in packet
of 100.
Calculate the number of packets
containing two defectives in a
consignment of 20,000 packets
The distribution of typing mistakes
committed by a typist is given as :
Mistakes/page 0 1 2 3 4 5
No. of pages 142 156 69 27 5 1
Assuming a Poisson model find out
the expected number of pages containing
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mistakes respectively.

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