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Cause and Effect Diagram: C&E, Ishikawa, Fault or Fishbone Diagram

This document provides an overview of cause and effect (C&E) diagrams, also known as fishbone diagrams or Ishikawa diagrams. It defines C&E diagrams as a visual tool to identify and display all possible causes related to a problem. The document explains that C&E diagrams focus a team on identifying the root causes of problems in order to discover the most probable causes for further analysis. It provides examples of completed C&E diagrams and guidance on constructing diagrams for transactional/service processes using the 4Ps+E framework or product/manufacturing processes using the 5Ms+E framework. Teams are instructed to create a C&E diagram to identify the root causes of a specific problem in their process.

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Christian Maghanoy
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60 views13 pages

Cause and Effect Diagram: C&E, Ishikawa, Fault or Fishbone Diagram

This document provides an overview of cause and effect (C&E) diagrams, also known as fishbone diagrams or Ishikawa diagrams. It defines C&E diagrams as a visual tool to identify and display all possible causes related to a problem. The document explains that C&E diagrams focus a team on identifying the root causes of problems in order to discover the most probable causes for further analysis. It provides examples of completed C&E diagrams and guidance on constructing diagrams for transactional/service processes using the 4Ps+E framework or product/manufacturing processes using the 5Ms+E framework. Teams are instructed to create a C&E diagram to identify the root causes of a specific problem in their process.

Uploaded by

Christian Maghanoy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Cause and Effect

Diagram
(C&E, Ishikawa, Fault or Fishbone Diagram)

C&E Diagram 1
Objective

In This Module We Will….

• Define a Cause and Effect diagram


• Understand the elements of C&E analysis
• Understand why and when to use C&E diagrams
• Understand the importance of team involvement when
brainstorming
• Workshop on project team’s C&E Diagram

C&E Diagram 2
Cause & Effect Diagram

• The Cause and effect diagram is also called:


– Fishbone Diagram-because of the way it looks
– Ishakawa Diagram for the inventor, Dr. Kaoru Ishakawa.

Main Category

Problem/
Desired
Improvement
Cause

Root
Cause

C&E Diagram 3
What is a Cause and Effect Diagram?

• A visual tool to identify, explore and graphically display, in


increasing detail, all of the suspected possible causes
related to a problem or condition to discover its root
causes.
• Not a quantitative tool

Main Category

Problem/
Desired
Cause Improvement

Root Cause

C&E Diagram 4
Why Use Cause & Effect Diagrams?

• Focuses team on the content of the problem


• Creates a snapshot of the collective knowledge of team
• Creates consensus of the causes of a problem
• Builds support for resulting solutions
• Focuses the team on causes not symptoms
• To discover the most probable causes for further analysis
• To visualize possible relationships between causes for any
problem current or future
• To pinpoint conditions causing customer complaints, process
errors or non-conforming products
• To provide focus for discussion

C&E Diagram 5
Product/Manufacturing

Man

Machine Methods
Five Key
Sources of
+ Environment
Variation

Materials Measurement

Use cause and effect diagram to single out variation


sources within the “5M’s + E”

C&E Diagram 6
Transactional/Service

People

Policies Procedures
Five Key
Sources of
Variation
+ Environment

Place Measurement

Use cause and effect diagram to single out variation


sources within the “4P’s + M&E”

C&E Diagram 7
Fishbone - Cause and Effect Diagram

Causes Effect

Main Category

Problem

Cause
e
us
-Ca
b Root
Su Cause

Shows various influences on a process to identify


most likely root causes of problem

C&E Diagram 8
Constructing a C&E Diagram

Materials Methods

Problem/

Maintenance

Machinery Manpower

Brainstorm to determine root causes and


add those as small branches off major bones

C&E Diagram 9
Fishbone Diagram Example

Fishbone diagram sourced from GOAL/QPC Black Belt Memory Jogger published 2002

C&E Diagram 10
Same Example More Detail

C&E Diagram 11
Physical C&E Construction

• C&E Fishbone diagrams can be constructed two ways:


• Paper and pen
– Usually more effective when working in a team
– May take multiple sheets of flip chart paper
– Many teams find it helpful to do the flip chart method
first because it lends itself to group dynamics.
Everyone can see and participate easier.
• Minitab software
– Very helpful when sharing diagram with an audience
outside of your team

C&E Diagram 12
C&E Workshop

In Project Teams, complete the following items:


1. Determine the problem or “head’ of the fishbone
2. Determine if your process is Transactional/Commercial
or Product/Industrial
3. Create a Cause & Effect (C&E) Fishbone diagram using:
- 4 P’s and M & E (Transactional process)*
- 5 M’s and E (Product process)*

* Use the headings (Ps and Ms) as guidelines. Customize to better describe the process

C&E Diagram 13

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