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History of Tourism and Hospitality

The document provides a history of tourism and hospitality from ancient times to modern periods. It traces the origins of tourism back to religious travel in ancient times. Hospitality began with the Sumerians providing shelter for travelers around 4000 BC. Major developments included the establishment of inns and restaurants during the Greek and Roman empires, growth of tourism during the Renaissance and industrial revolution eras enabled by new technologies, and modern pioneers in the hospitality and tourism industries in the 19th-20th centuries.

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Raymond Olimberio Baco
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471 views33 pages

History of Tourism and Hospitality

The document provides a history of tourism and hospitality from ancient times to modern periods. It traces the origins of tourism back to religious travel in ancient times. Hospitality began with the Sumerians providing shelter for travelers around 4000 BC. Major developments included the establishment of inns and restaurants during the Greek and Roman empires, growth of tourism during the Renaissance and industrial revolution eras enabled by new technologies, and modern pioneers in the hospitality and tourism industries in the 19th-20th centuries.

Uploaded by

Raymond Olimberio Baco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HISTORY OF TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY
EARLY TOURISM
 Tourism is derived from the term “torah” which means
studying, learning or searching

 Tourism can trace its ancestry in the old testament

 Has 2 forms
 Travel for business
 Travel for Religious reasons
TOURISM IN THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
(5TH CENTURY)
 During this period, travel declined

 Travel was derived from the term “travail” which means


engage in painful or laborious effect
TOURISM DURING THE RENAISSANCE
AND ELIZABETH ERAS
 Travel for education was introduced by the British

 “Grand Tour” was used as early as 1670

 The sick sought a remedy for their illnesses in “spas” or


medical baths

 The term spa was derived from the term “espa” which
means fountain
TOURISM DURING THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
 Brought major changes in the scale and type of tourism

 Led to the creation of working-class resorts near major


industrial centers

 Brought essential social changes


MODERN TOURISM IN THE 19TH
CENTURY
 2 technological developments: Railway and Steam
Power

 Travel by large number of individuals

 Steam power promoted mobility

 Thomas Cook: most famous for tourism/travel


MODERN TOURISM IN THE 20TH
CENTURY
 Pleasure travel began to expand and increased curiosity

 WW I: brought influence to the volume of tourism


HISTORY OF HOSPITALITY
INDUSTRY
ANCIENT PERIOD (THE SUMERIANS)
 Hospitality began with the Sumerians who lived in
Mesopotamia in about 4000 BC

 Sumerians organized themselves into city-states

 It is most likely that the hospitality industry began with


the Sumerians 5,000 years ago in 3000 BC
ANCIENT PERIOD (EARLY TRADERS)
 In 2000 BC, a considerable amount of trade had
developed

 Individuals set up the caravensarai to provide shelter to


travelers
EMPIRES: 3200 BC TO 476 AD
EGYPTIAN EMPIRE
 Governed by “pharoahs” in 3200 BC

 Pyramids or tombs were became tourist attractions

 First to see that lodging and food services are provided


to travellers
GREEK EMPIRE
 Ancient Greek civilization began to develop at about
1100 BC

 City states were united by King Philip of Macedonia

 Greeks were dedicated travelers

 Taverns and restaurants in ancient Greece were often


respected and served fine food
ROMAN EMPIRE
 In 146 BC, people from Greece became Roman
protectorates

 People stopped at Khans, a combination of stables and


sleeping accomodations
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
DARK AGES
 Roman Empire fell in 476 AD

 In Europe, Charlemange established rest houses for


pilgrims

 Medieval guilds help open houses for pilgrims


RENAISSANCE 1350 AD TO 1600 AD
 There were no restaurants and dining establishments
present
EARLY MODERN PERIOD
1600 AD TO 1800 AD
 In the 16th century, type of eating place for commoners
were called “ordinary”

 Tea developed slower than coffee

 In 1652, the first English coffee house was in St.


Michael’s Alley
 In 1683, Kolschitski opened the first coffee house in
Eastern Europe

 In 1700s, inns were much safer ad comfortable


1600 AD TO 1800 AD
 Mails were an important element

 Food service dramatically changed u=un Frabce 1765


INDUSTRIAL ERA FROM 1800
 Started from the mid 1700’s in England
MODERN PERIOD
19TH CENTURY
 Many hotels were constructed without dining facilities

 In 1875, a dining facility was opened in the Albermarle


Hotel in London

 One of the best known hotels was the Savoy opened by


Richard d’Oyly Carte in 1889

 European plan: guests need not to pay for both room


and dining in one lump sum
20TH CENTURY
 In 1921, Walter Anderson and Billy Ingraham began White
Castle Burgers

 Marriot’s hot shoppe and root beer stands opened in 1927

 In 1925, Howards Johnson opened his original restaurant

 In 1934, the Rainbow Room opened

 1939, restaurant called Le Pavillon de France opened in


New York
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Cesar Ritz
 Became general manager in Savoy
 Made hotel into a cultural center for high society
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Ellsworth Milton Statler
 Considered to be the preier hotel-man
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Conrad Hiltom
 “biggest hotel man in the world”
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Thomas Cook
 First
professional travel agent
 Founder of the world’s first travel agency
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Howard Dearing Johnson
 Pioneer of brand leveraging
 First to introduce franchising in 1930’s
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 J. Willard Marriott
 Founded Marriott Corporation
RAY KROC
 Most financially successful of all hospitality
entrepreneurs
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Isadore Sharp
 Most successful of all hospitality entrepreneurs
 First generation Candian
PIONEER IN T&H INDUSTRY
 Ruth Fertel
 Was in dire need to give burth
 Founded Chris Steak Hosue

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